PARASITES FOUND IN FECES INTERNAL PARASITES OF DOGS AND CATS Parasites of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – NEMATODES SCALE Ancylostoma caninum Ancylostoma caninum 16 Egg of A. caninum Anterior end of adult A. caninum. Note the three pairs of ventral teeth. 41806_11_30.indd 16 12/12/09 12:14:01 AM Parasites of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – NEMATODES SCALE Ancylostoma tubaeforme 17 Egg of A. tubaeforme INTERNAL PARASITES OF DOGS AND CATS 41806_11_30.indd 17 12/12/09 12:14:01 AM PARASITES FOUND IN FECES INTERNAL PARASITES OF DOGS AND CATS Parasites of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – NEMATODES SCALE Uncinaria stenocephala Uncinaria stenocephala 18 Egg of U. stenocephala Note the differences in size between U. stenocephala (upper right) and A. caninum (lower left). 41806_11_30.indd 18 12/12/09 12:14:01 AM A. caninum C A N I N E HO O K W O R M S1,2 Ancylostoma Uncinaria Ancylostoma caninum stenocephala braziliense rd Ingestion of 3 stage larvae from contaminated environment Larval penetration of the skin Infection Ingestion of other vertebrate hosts with infective larvae in their tissues Transmammary transmission of larvae is an important route of infection for A. caninum Prepatent 14 to 21 days (nursing puppies may shed eggs in 13 to 27 days 13 to 27 days Period 10 to 12 days) Occurrence Common Uncommon (1%)3 Uncommon Warm, coastal 19 Locations Worldwide Colder climates areas (northern US, Canada, Europe) (also sub and tropical Central & South America & Caribbean Very pathogenic: Cutaneous larva Pathogenic Rarely pathogenic anemia migrans Blood per adult female: ~40ȝl; worm per 0.3ȝl 1 to 2ȝl day adult male: ~13ȝl 1 pair of large; Mouthparts 3 pairs of teeth cutting plates 1 pair of small 1 www.capcvet.org 2 Bowman, DD. Hookworm Parasites of Dogs and Cats. Compend Contin Educ #2. Vol 14, No. 5, May 1992 3 Prevalence of Canine Parasites Based on Fecal Flotation. Blagburn BL et al. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18: 483-509, 1996 INTERNAL PARASITES OF DOGS AND CATS 41806_11_30.indd 19 12/12/09 12:14:02 AM PARASITES FOUND IN FECES INTERNAL PARASITES OF DOGS AND CATS Parasites of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – NEMATODES SCALE Physaloptera spp. 20 Embryonated eggs of Physaloptera spp. (stomach worm) 41806_11_30.indd 20 12/12/09 12:14:03 AM Parasites of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – NEMATODES SCALE 123 1: T. canis 2: T. leonina Toxascaris leonina Toxocara canis Toxocara cati 3: T. cati 21 Egg of T. leonina Egg of T. canis Egg of T. cati Note the size is about 10 percent smaller than the T. canis egg. INTERNAL PARASITES OF DOGS AND CATS 41806_11_30.indd 21 12/12/09 12:14:04 AM PARASITES FOUND IN FECES INTERNAL PARASITES OF DOGS AND CATS Parasites of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – NEMATODES SCALE 12 1: B. procyonis Baylisascaris procyonis Toxocara canis 2: T. canis Note the similarities. Differentiation can be made based on size and color, as the egg of B. procyonis is roughly three-quarters the size of T. canis and typically appears darker. 22 Egg of B. procyonis Egg of T. canis 41806_11_30.indd 22 12/12/09 12:14:05 AM Parasites of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – NEMATODES SCALE Trichuris vulpis Trichuris vulpis 23 Egg of T. vulpis Adults of T. vulpis Note how the whip-like anterior ends are laced through the mucosa. INTERNAL PARASITES OF DOGS AND CATS 41806_11_30.indd 23 12/12/09 12:14:06 AM.