BASIN AND SUB-BASIN DELINEATION IN THE NILE BASIN Nile basin and sub-basin delineation by digital elevation models SyRIAN ARAB About this poster ISRAEL ---,)3EPUBLIC MediterraneanSea IRAQarfo Basin area estimates have changed over time as digital elevation models and satellite imagery ,Jer,iisaLe *Amman (_"! have improved. In fact several Nile Basin delineations exist, which include 1) Hydro 1k (orange .A..l.e. .x. .a. n. d. .r. .i a.. ___i ,T, - /' ', ! .,._, line), 2) FAO Nile 1998 (blue line), and 3) FAO Nile 2007 (purple line), as presented in Figure 1. '.-., ,2--......,,.. ,.... -,JORDA_N -71-i---,-7,, . Cairo The FAO 2007 delineation was carried out k .. )`, ................ ' ' s Figure 1: Different Nile basin delineations Al Jizah , / . ., ... I,, on the basis of the SRTM Digital Eleva- .... , tion Model (DEM) and Landsat imagery. Mediterranean Sea ....., . :. ,, . ....., i . ) For locations where the water divide was . k 5 ,A, unclear, the drainage direction was de- 1. SAUDI ARABIA LIBYAN .. , termined by ‘manual intepretation’, i.e. ARAB ...... ...... , .. ......., , .: checking the direction of the closest JAMAHIRIYA , , . .-. , . water courses using Landsat ETM+ Mo- ...... i ,..7 ... ;...... ? '...... saics or Landsat TM images made avail- ,,,,,_ , ' able by the Global Land Cover Facility EGYPT , , t 0,-,- Medina ', (http://glcfapp.umiacs.umd.edu:8080/es : .' AI.Jawf :.,Asw5n i.,-\ ....... di/index.jsp). , A large number of small corrections were Lake made relative to the previous delinea- NasserIj tions. Two ‘controversial’ areas stand out: I .. 1,, ..... -- `, , Jiddaiy I *714 .....::,7 ,..,,' 1) Wadi Howar in northern Sudan, and 2) Main Nile ),, (% , : I) Mecca downstream qf the 9''' Atbarah confluence ,r / Lotikipi plain in north-east Kenya. Both , ,1 GT.fl I ) ) i I 11 areas are very flat and a difference of 1-2 1 '-----_,'i1..'.. , 7...*. )) meters in the SRTM DEM can make a : 5' ,.......;,,,,..,_Port Sudari . , . r relatively large change in basin delinea- .. tion. It was concluded that Wadi Howar SUDAN no longer contributed to the Nile Basin CHAD Legend Delineations of the Nile Basin due to sand dunes that have blocked the , FAO 2007 i original wadi, transferring Wadi Howar FAO 1998 EHyd ro 1K into a dormant or fossil sub basin. Maiie Nile Oindurrn ...... downstréam qf the Khartoum cbnfluence a I By contrast, the Lotikipi Plain (30,769 km2) in north-east Kenya is most likely contributing to Khartoum the Nile flows in very wet years, and thus technically belongs to the Nile. As a result of the evolution of digital mapping, the poster shows the principal sub basins adopted for FAO Nile project The definition of sub-basins for which the balance has been carried out has been . _ ,/ White Nile ' f derived on the basis of Hydroshed (http://hydrosheds.cr.usgs.gov) 15 second data and 'A 44, comprises the 11 principal sub-basins listed in Table 1. This group of sub-basins is used 1 1 ' ) Bahr el Arab ts. 3 subsequently to run a basin water balance. \ '1 ) / / ,/ OThO a z \W r'r Table 1: Principle Nile sub-basin areas / Os 5 ./ / I , 5Thi ) 1... --,1' j . 2 °' ,m° ) Bahr el Aral, .,., NBI Grouping Countries Sub-basin Area (km ) 1-- Equatorial Lakes .. Burundi Lake Victoria 264 985 Bahr el Ghazal ,- S Kenya .....10,- Pibor Rwanda ,,.< 'S° e) I'»'» Akabo-2 Sobat / ,,,, / s/ _,_.: I 1 ,, i ) Tanzania CENTRL AFRICAN /..' / 'SS') 7 ..... \ 4 1- i ' r , ., s ,.. ,0 , I .; 5 j RPUBLIC( , 5 1 i \-S Uganda ,, 9 1 / .... '.. '3 A'--'' 'Os ,, "r ,Bame el Jabel - ,, ,' Z DR Congo Lake Kyoga - lake Albert - Aswa 197 253 ; rz '.:'s-j, /Budd ' , ' I s l ./ ) i 1 1 1 Juba ETHIOPIA Uganda ' r \ Sudan Bahr el Jebel – Sudd 136 400 I\ 1' Sudan Bahr el Ghazal 236 330 Sudan Bahr el Arab 370 098 MOCRATIC R BLIC Lake Kyoga- KENYA 0', Lake AlBert-Aswa Eastern Nile Kenya Sobat 247 779 OF THE CONGO Victo, Lake Ethiopia Lake K.ova Albert Araibibli It up; Sudan Lbw,. UGA Sudan White Nile 220 943 Legend kárnpata Ethiopia Blue Nile 308 198 Administration Country boundary Sudan - - Country boundary in dispute Eduanil Lake Ethiopia Atbara 237 044 ® Capital), major city Victoria Hydrography Eritrea N. Lake, reservoir Lake Victoria Sudan River Intermittent river Sudan Main Nile downstream of Khartoum 34 523 Canal (under construction) confluence (to Atbara) Tunnel ....... Basin boundary .., ake Egypt Main Nile downstream of Atbara confluence 877 866 Ebasi :**' Sudan 50 10U 200 200 km UNITED REPUBLIt contra-ma/ con, pro,oclion 1WGS 19001 OLambartStandard paraLMLs 25°N and 2°N - Central mendlan 32"E a. F TANZANIA TOTAL 3 170 418 Information Products for Nile Basin Water Resources Management GCP/INT/945/ITA burundi d.r.congo egypt eritrea ethiopia kenya rwanda sudan u.r.tanzania uganda The project attempted to strengthen the ability of the governments of the Nile Riparian States to take informed decisions on water resources policy and management matters regarding the common Nile resource. It included a major capacity building component. The project www.fao.org/nr/water/faonile was implemented under the umbrella of the Nile Basin Initiative. Disclaimer A project sponsored by the Government of Italy The designations employed and the presentation of material in the map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country, territory or sea area, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers..