MECPM/2017/5 International Labour Office Geneva Code of practice on safety and health in opencast mines Meeting of Experts on Safety and Health in Opencast Mines (Geneva, 16-20 October 2017) Sectoral Policies Geneva, 2017 Department /}tJqJ- Ctfaf"'1 -7-1 Contents Page Acronyms, abbreviations and definitions.......................................................................................... x1 Introduction . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 1. General provisions .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ..... .. 1 1.1. Purpose .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 1.2. Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 2 1.3. Application................................................................................................................... 3 1.4. Reference to other ILO instruments.............................................................................. 3 2. General duties........................................................................................................................... 3 2.1. Cooperation................................................................................................................... 3 2.2. Competent authority ..................................................................................................... 4 2.2.1. General provisions ........................................................................................ 4 2.2.2. Inspectorates ................................................................................................. 5 2.3. Employers' responsibilities and rights.......................................................................... 6 2.4. Workers' rights and responsibilities............................................................................. 8 2. 5. General responsibilities of suppliers, manufacturers and designers .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10 2.6. General responsibilities and rights of contractors......................................................... 10 3. Safety and health committees .. .. .. .. .... .. .... .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .... .. .. .. .. 11 3 .1. Safety and health committees .... .. .. .. .. .. .. ......................................................... .... .. .. .. .. .. 11 3.2. Industry tripartite committees....................................................................................... 11 4. Occupational safety and health management systems; reporting, recording and notification of work-related injuries and diseases, ill health and dangerous occurrences; occupational health services............................................................... 12 4.1. Introduction................................................................................................................... 12 4.2. OSH management systems........................................................................................... 12 4.3. Reporting, recording and notification of work-related injuries and diseases, ill health and dangerous occurrences ....................................................... :.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13 4.4. Occupational health services........................................................................................ 14 5. Hazard identification, risk assessment and control .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 14 5 .1. General principles......................................................................................................... 14 5.2. Hazard identification..................................................................................................... 14 5.3. Risk assessment............................................................................................................ 15 5.4. Risk control................................................................................................................... 15 5.5. Evaluation ..................................·................................................................................... 15 6. Management of change . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 6.1. Managing change.......................................................................................................... 16 6.2. Non-routine work.......................................................................................................... 16 7. Life-cycle approach................................................................................................................... 17 8. Emergency response plan.......................................................................................................... 18 8 .1. General emergency provisions...................................................................................... 18 8.2. Fire protection and firefighting .................................................................................... 20 8.2.1. General provisions ........................................................................................ 20 8.2.2. Precautions against fire ................................................................................. 20 8.2.3. Provision of fire protection ........................................................................... 20 8.2.4. Firefighting and rescue ................................................................................. 21 8.3. First-aid and emergency medical services.................................................................... 21 8.3 .1. First-aid requirements ................................................................................... 21 8.3.2. First-aid training ........................................................................................... 22 9. Specific hazards........................................................................................................................ 22 9.1. Hazardous substances and atmospheres........................................................................ 22 9 .1.1. Chemicals in the workplace........................................................................... 23 9.1.2. Inhalable and respirable substances............................................................... 26 9.1.3. Radiation....................................................................................................... 28 9.2. Electric and magnetic fields.......................................................................................... 33 9.3. Stored energy................................................................................................................ 33 9.3.1. Hazard description......................................................................................... 33 9.3.2. Assessment of risk......................................................................................... 34 9.3.3. Control strategies........................................................................................... 34 9.4. Noise............................................................................................................................. 35 9 .4.1. Hazard description ........................................................................................ 35 9.4.2. Assessment of risk ........................................................................................ 35 9.4.3. Control strategies .......................................................................................... 36 9.5. Vibration....................................................................................................................... 38 9.5.1. Hazard description ........................................................................................ 38 9.5.2. Assessment of risk ........................................................................................ 38 9.5.3. Control strategies .......................................................................................... 39 9.6. Heat and cold stress...................................................................................................... 40 9.6.1. Hazard description ........................................................................................ 40 9.6.2. Assessment of risk ........................................................................................ 40 9.6.3. Control strategies .......................................................................................... 41 9.7. Fatigue.......................................................................................................................... 42 9.7.1. Hazard description......................................................................................... 42 9.7.2. Assessment of risk......................................................................................... 43 9.7.3. Control strategies........................................................................................... 44 9.8. Work at high altitudes..................................................................................................