International Journal of Trend in Research and Development, Volume 4(4), ISSN: 2394-9333 www.ijtrd.com To Compensate Deuteranopia & Protanopia: An Efficient Approach in Image Processing (DAA) 1Vishal Singh and 2Vinay Thakur, 1M.Tech, 2Assistant Professor 1, 2ECE Department, Sri Sai University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India Abstract: Color unawareness is deficiency of verisimilitude genetically. Human verisimilitude perception is unswayable vision. Due to presence of verisimilitude blindness, human eye by a set of photoreceptors (cones) in the retina. Once becomes unable to differentiate colors with each other. stimulated, they send some signals to the brain, which are Generally reason behind verisimilitude unawareness is eugenic interpreted as verisimilitude sensation. Individuals with normal but sometimes it happens due to some forfeiture and disorder verisimilitude vision present three kinds of cones tabbed red, in smart-ass and eye. Color blindness is of many types like green, and blue, which differ from each other by having photo Red-Green, Blue-Yellow etc. Red-Green verisimilitude pigments that are sensitive to the low, medium, and upper unawareness is most worldwide type of deficiency in which frequencies of the visible electromagnetic spectrum, person is unable to differentiate between red and untried respectively. Thus, there are no known treatments of surgical colors. Color act or power of seeing shortness of (CVD) has an procedures capable of reverting such a condition. Changes in effect on a greatly sized number of individuals around the the cones photo pigments are caused by natural variations of earth, risking their power to effectively take as having certain some proteins, causing them to wilt increasingly sensitive to a cause color-coded news given. This thing provides an over- variegated wreath of the visible spectrum, when compared to a view of the causes of color act or power of seeing shortness of normal vision person. Such individuals are tabbed queer and has a discussion the main instruments and techniques trichromats. In specimen one kind of cone is missing, the ready (to be used) for helping designers to make come into subjects are tabbed dichromats, and can be remoter classified existence more working well pictures for individuals with as protanopes, deuteranopes, and tritanopes, depending CVD. This paper produces two modes i.e. Auto mode and whether the missing cones are red, green, or blue, respectively. Manual mode. Both modes having their own advantages. In auto mode self adjustment of colors is provided whereas in manual mode we have to specify color correction. Keywords: Achromatic vision, eugenic, Color seeing loss, dichromacy, Ishihara color test, RGB, HSV, SSM, Hue, tint, CVD,GUI,Gradient method. I. INTRODUCTION Color vision deficiency (CVD) is relatively worldwide eugenic vision impairment. The vision impairment is sometimes jumbled up with color blindness; create tangling between deficiency and blindness. Due to the excessive use of colors in multimedia contents to convey visual information, it becomes increasingly important to perceive colors for Fig: 1 (a) Normal color vision and (b) Color blind vision information interpretation. Unlike people with normal Table: 1 Types of Color vision deficiency verisimilitude vision, people with verisimilitude deficiency have difficulties discriminating certain verisimilitude Deficiency Degree combinations and verisimilitude differences. Hence, Medical terms Deficiency type multimedia contents with rich colors that can be well Textual Numerical distinguished by people with normal verisimilitude vision may Protanomaly Red deficiency (Mild) Mild 0.1-0.9 sometimes rationalization uncertainty to people with queer verisimilitude vision. The latter is a specific specimen of the Protanopia Red deficiency (Severe) Severe 1 former where one has no verisimilitude vision. Typically, Deuteranomaly Green deficiency (Mild) Mild 0.1-0.9 people who suffer from CVD are worldly-wise to perceive Deuteranopia Green deficiency (Severe) Severe 1 colors, but to diverse degrees. According to the estimates of the U.S. Census Bureau for the world population, we can Tritanomaly Blue deficiency (Mild) Mild 0.1-0.9 predict that approximately 200,000,000 (two hundred million) Tritanopia Blue deficiency (Severe) Severe 1 people suffer from some kind of verisimilitude vision Incomplete Complete color blindness deficiency. Red/color unawareness is a worldwide eugenic Mild 0.1-0.9 condition which is usually inherited from parents. It is passed Achromatopsia (Mild) from mother to son on the 23rd chromosome, the sex Complete Complete color blindness Severe 1 chromosome, and thus the frequency range of red-green CVD Achromatopsia (Severe) is significantly higher for male population. Unlike red/green CVD, blue color blindness is extremely rare(only well-nigh A much rarer condition is characterized by individuals having 0.003% of the population is unauthentic by it); tritanomaly that a single or no kind of cones, who are tabbed monochromats. causes verisimilitude defect in blue is not carried on Thus, it is well-spoken from all the groundwork that CVD is IJTRD | July-Aug 2017 Available [email protected] 197 International Journal of Trend in Research and Development, Volume 4(4), ISSN: 2394-9333 www.ijtrd.com not minimized fully but it will cure up to some extent. There B. Gradient map method are lots of problems coming out from color seeing loss. For This is an approach that show areas that meeting the problem example, In Japan, color unable to see people are kept out for color blind viewers, the areas contain information that may (away from) from a number of making livings. in addition, in not be well perceived by color blind This method can be some countries people with CVD are not let to private road applied in different situations, such as checking the because serious CVD keeps from taking place them from convenience of designed images and to help designers to noting different colors on the business trade light. Commonly, avoid the problem by making changes on the image[1]. There color shortness of is a got handed down or eugenic condition are main two steps: Inaccessible point detection and in- caused by a common x-linked recessive gene, which is passed accessible region location area location. from a mother to her son. But disease or damage that Damages of the eye or seeing nerve or retina can also cause loss of color B.1 Inaccessible Point Detection wide approval of one's work. Inaccessible points are defined as the points around which the Some diseases that can cause color amount short are: patches are not well-known enough for color blind viewers due to the loss of color information. As noted by Marr, visual 1. Diabetes information taken from something else by a person who 2. Glaucoma watches something from visual stimulus is brought across by 3. Macular degeneration changes seen as inclines and edges [6].Therefore, we guess the 4. Alzheimer's disease information loss as the difference of incline maps of the 5. Parkinson's disease original image and its protanopic view as before that talked 6. Multiple sclerosis about, the protanopic and deuternopic views have only small 7. Chronic alcoholism difference and so here, we only employ protanopic view [3]. 8. Leukaemia 9. Sickle cell anaemia B.2 Inaccessible region location Other causes for color vision deficiency include: It is the region that covers inaccessible points. Depending upon spotted inaccessible points we determine inaccessible 1. Medications. Drugs used to treat heart problems, high blood regions with bounding boxes [6]. The assignment is pressure, infections, nervous disorders and psychological discovering a set of regions that cover the inaccessible points problems can affect color vision. 2. Aging. The ability to see colors can gradually lessen with III. METHODOLOGY age. We can use daltonization with adequate adjustments (DAA) 3. Chemical Exposure. Contact with certain chemicals, such as image processing techniques to get well this place, position. fertilizers and styrene; have been known to cause loss of color There are two ways that we can make knowledge in pictures vision. ready (to be used) to color unable to see persons in general. II. RELATED WORK 1) The simplest way is simply to increase the red/green A. RGB to HSV conversion divergence in the image. Many color unable to see people have In order to process color vision, we have to use RGB color some left-over red/green decision-making. Increasing the space or HSV color space. RGB color space defines colors in red/green divergence makes them more likely to see these terms of the amount of red, green, and blue present [1]. The types of color different in some way. definition proposed by HSV color space call colors in terms of 2) We can get at the details of the knowledge conveyed by the Hue, Saturation, and Value. The HSV color model is usually preferred over the RGB model. HSV model is much different in some way in the red/green direction and one who preferred in situations where color description plays an integral changed beliefs these into changes in brightness and/or blue/yellow coloring. This lets us to map news given from a role. The HSV model describes colors similarly to how the color measure that is in existence without being seen to human eye tends to perceive color. RGB defines color in terms dichromats into those that they can see. We name the mix of of a series of first (primary) colors, whereas, HSV describes color using more familiar comparisons such as color, vibrancy these two processes 'Daltonization' after John Dalton, the from and brightness. Transformation process outcome as red is England man of science who was one of the first people to make observation of color seeing loss. Here we use an greatly changed to yellow and green is greatly changed to blue approach named as daltonization with adequate adjustment and blue is still same [5].