Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Plan Purpose.......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Former Bennett Freeze Area (FBFA) History ...................................................................... 2 1.3 Location Map ........................................................................................................................ 4 1.4 Scope of Work ...................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Chapter Description .............................................................................................................. 5 1.5.1 History............................................................................................................................ 6 1.5.2 Physical Setting .............................................................................................................. 6 1.5.3 Chapter Boundaries ........................................................................................................ 6 1.6 Public Participation Process and Planning Process .............................................................. 9 1.6.1 Public Participation ........................................................................................................ 9 1.6.2 Planning Process ............................................................................................................ 9 2.0 Existing Conditions – Community Assessment ................................................................. 12 2.1 Demographics and Community Profile .............................................................................. 12 2.1.1 Population .................................................................................................................... 13 2.1.2 Income.......................................................................................................................... 19 2.1.3 Poverty Status .............................................................................................................. 20 2.1.4 Housing ........................................................................................................................ 20 2.1.5 Employment and Unemployment ................................................................................ 26 2.1.6 Education ..................................................................................................................... 26 2.1.7 Health and Public Safety .............................................................................................. 27 2.1.8 Community Facilities, Parks, and Recreation .............................................................. 27 2.2 Local Economy ................................................................................................................... 28 2.2.1 Jobs by Sector .............................................................................................................. 28 2.2.2 Major Employers ......................................................................................................... 29 2.2.3 Class of Workers .......................................................................................................... 29 2.2.4 Commute Time ............................................................................................................ 30 2.2.5 Local Businesses .......................................................................................................... 30 2.2.6 Household purchases ................................................................................................... 30 2.2.7 Tourism ........................................................................................................................ 31 2.3 Land and Water Resources ................................................................................................. 38 2.3.1 Land Status................................................................................................................... 39 2.3.2 Preliminary Environmental Assessments .................................................................... 40 2.3.3 Land Suitability and Resources ................................................................................... 45 2.4 Infrastructure and Utilities .................................................................................................. 45 2.4.1 Electricity ..................................................................................................................... 46 i 2.4.2 Water Systems ............................................................................................................. 47 2.4.3 Wastewater ................................................................................................................... 50 2.4.4 Solid Waste .................................................................................................................. 50 2.4.5 Natural Gas .................................................................................................................. 50 2.4.6 Communications .......................................................................................................... 50 2.5 Transportation, Roads, and Accessibility ........................................................................... 51 2.5.1 Roads............................................................................................................................ 51 2.5.2 Public Transportation ................................................................................................... 54 2.5.3 Air Transportation ........................................................................................................ 54 3.0 The Development Plan ....................................................................................................... 55 3.1 Vision .................................................................................................................................. 55 3.2 Development Issues ............................................................................................................ 57 3.2.1 Need to Define Land Use and Status ........................................................................... 57 3.2.2 Need to Conduct a Community Assessment ................................................................ 57 3.2.3 Diversity of Perspectives ............................................................................................. 57 3.2.4 No Support for Former Bennett Freeze Area and Local Priorities .............................. 57 3.2.5 Limited Resources ....................................................................................................... 58 3.2.6 Legal and Procedural Constraints ................................................................................ 58 3.2.7 No Local Structure for Water and Utilities .................................................................. 58 3.2.8 Absence of Housing Development Plan ...................................................................... 58 3.3 Strategic Directions ............................................................................................................. 58 3.3.1 Public Awareness through Outreach and Education .................................................... 58 3.3.2 Certifying of Comprehensive Land Use Plan .............................................................. 59 3.3.3 Achieving Results through Collaborative Partnerships ............................................... 59 3.3.4 Recognizing Existing Laws, Protocols, and Policies ................................................... 59 3.3.5 Securing Alternative Resources ................................................................................... 59 3.3.6 Strengthening Local Governance ................................................................................. 59 3.4 Development Principles ...................................................................................................... 60 3.4.1 High Quality Construction ........................................................................................... 60 3.4.2 Hoozho Lina, Respectful Balance................................................................................ 60 3.4.3 Preservation and Protection ......................................................................................... 60 3.4.4 Future ........................................................................................................................... 60 3.5 Community Needs Assessment........................................................................................... 61 3.5.1 Infrastructure and Utility Needs................................................................................... 61 3.5.2 Transportation Needs ................................................................................................... 62 3.5.3 Housing Needs ............................................................................................................. 62 3.5.4 Health and Public Safety Needs ................................................................................... 63 ii 3.5.5 Community Facilities, Parks, and Recreation Needs ................................................... 64 3.5.6 Educational Needs ......................................................................................................