IJMES Word List - Last Revised 5 October 2010 A black (people, studies, etc.) abaya Bosporus Abbasid businesspeople ʿAbd al-ʿAziz by-product ʿAbd al-Hamid (Arabic); Abdülhamit (Turkish) Aden Protectorate C Afghan War Camp David Accords agha caliphate ʿAʾisha Capitulations Akkar casbah al-Andalus Central Asia ʿAlawites 20th century (n.); 20th-century (adj.) Al Saʿud (family) city–state ʿAli clientelism ʿālim / pl. ʿulamaʾ Cold War aliyah (Hebrew) companions (to the Prophet) Allah Constitutional Revolution (Iran, Turkey) ʿAmili (as in Jabal ʿAmil) co-opt amir counterbalance Amman counterinsurgency ancien regime Covenant of ʿUmar anti-Semitic Crusades (historical) Arab renaissance Arabian peninsula D Yasir Arafat Damascus arak daʿwa (call) archrival al-Daʿwa (org.) Hafiz al-Asad (Syrian pres.) the Delta Ashkenazi(m) dhimmī (Arabic); zimmi (Turkish) ʿAshuraʾ Diaspora (biblical Jews; else, diaspora) Asia Minor Dijarbakr (Arabic); Diyarbekir (Turkish) Azerbaijan E B Eastern Bloc Baalbek East India (Company) Baburnama effendi / effendiyya Bahai (adj. + n.: s. + pl.) embassy; e.g. Russian embassy Baʿth Party etatism bazaar, bāzārī bedouin (s. + pl.) F Bekaa Faisal (Saudi king; otherwise Faysal) Belarus faqīh / pl. fuqahāʾ belles-lettres fatwa bey fellah / pl. fellahin bilād al-makhzan Fertile Crescent Bilad al-Sham or bilād al-shām firman bilād al-sība firsthand Bint Jbeil follow-up 1 IJMES Word List - Last Revised 5 October 2010 Free French (adj. + n.) imam(ate) (Arabic); imaret (Turkish) Free Officers' coup IMF International Monetary Fund the International (USSR) G Internet galabiya Iran–Iraq War Gaza Strip Iraq War GDP gross domestic product Islamicate Geniza (Cairo) Islamic Republic of Iran (but an Islamic geopolitical republic) global North/South Islamic Revolution or Iranian Revolution (but GNP gross national product 1979 revolution) grassroots Ismaʿili Great Power Great Seljuqs J Great Syrian Revolution (1920s) al-Jamaʿa al-Islamiyya Great Terror (Stalin) Janissaries Greater Lebanon Jewish state Greater Syria jihad groundbreaking jinni/ pl. jinn the Gulf (Persian or Arabian) Judeo-Christian Gulf War K H Kaʿba Haaretz kafir Habash (Ethiopia) kaffiyeh hadith khedive hajj Khomeini hakim (ruler) Kifaya movement ḥakīm (wise) halal L halfhearted Osama bin Laden (but Bin Laden) hammam laissez faire Hashimite Lebanese Civil War (but 1982 war) Hidden Imam less-developed countries (LDC) hijab Levant Hijaz long durée hijra long-standing Hizbullah long-term (adj.) Holy Land longtime houri Lower Egypt Husayn (ibn ʿAli) lower-middle class Hussein (king of Iraq or Jordan) M I macronational ijtihād madhhab / pl. madhāhib ikhwān (brothers) madrasa al-Ikhwan (al-Muslimun) Maghrib(ian) Ilkhanid (dynasty, period) 2 IJMES Word List - Last Revised 5 October 2010 Mahdi; Mahdist; Mahdiyya; al-mahdī al- O muntaẓar Old City (Jerusalem) Naguib Mahfouz ongoing majlis Ottoman Empire majlis al-shūrā Mamluk (dynasty) P mamluk (slave/soldier) padishah Mandate (n./adj., British or French) Pan-Arabism Mashriq Pan-Islam(ic) masjid Peasant Revolt of 1919 Mecca Protocol per se medina (indef.); Medina (in Saudi Arabia) Persian (not Farsi) Messiah; messianic petite bourgeoisie metropole petrodollar mid-1920s Pharaonic Middle East studies PhD Middle Eastern PLO midsummer policymaker/making mihrab the (Sublime) Porte millet (Turkish); milla/millat (Arabic) postcolonial minbar post-Ottoman minister of education (except when title postwar preceding name) post World War II Ministry of Education Praetorian Mizrahi(m) preempt Mossadegh preexisting Husni Mubarak pro-government muezzin the Prophet (Muhammad) mufti Mughal Q Muhammad Qaboos (sultan of Oman) Muharram Qaddafi (Muammar el) mujahidin qadi mulla al-Qaʿida Muslim (muslim in Arabic phrases) Qizilbash Muslim Brothers quasi-state Muʿtazila Qurʾan(ic) N R -nama (suffix meaning book) raison d’être Gamal Abdel Nasser Ras al-Khaimah nation–state the Reconquest (of Spain) neocolonial reexamine Night Journey rentier state nonelite Republican (Party); republican (indef.) nonnegotiable republican Turkey Nowruz revisit rial 3 IJMES Word List - Last Revised 5 October 2010 S T Safavids Tanzimat ṣaḥwa (awakening) tarbush al-Sahwa (Iraqi org) Tehran Salafi/Salafism or salafī/salafiyya Third World salat (ṣalāa in Arabic phrases) Timurid salnames (Ottoman state registers) Tobacco Protest (Iran) Sanaa top-down Sasanian trade-off sayyid / pl. sāda Transjordan secondhand tsarist Russia security zone (Israel) Turkish War of Independence self-interest Turkmen (adj. + n.: s. + pl.) Seljuq twelfth imam Shafiʿi Twelver (Shiʿa) shah; Reza Pahlavi Shah Shahnama (Book of Kings) U shariʿa ʿulamaʾ / s. ʿālim (Arabic); ulema (Turkish) sharīf / pl. ashrāf ultranational shawarma umma shaykh underdeveloped shaykh al-Islam (Arabic); sheikh ül-Islam Upper Egypt (Turkish) upper-middle-class status Shebʿa farms ʿUrabi revolt Shiʿi (n. + adj.); Shiʿa (pl.); Shiʿi Islam; Shiʿism V [sic] vakıf (Turkish) Sinai Peninsula vali (Turkish) Six Day War (but 1967 war) vatan (Turkish) smallholder (n) socioeconomic/sociopolitical vilāyat-i faqīh (Persian) South Lebanon vilayet (Turkish) Southwest Asia vizier (Turkish) state capitalism state feminism W State of Israel Wafd Party status quo Wahhabism; Wahhabi sub-Sahara(n) wālī / pl. awliyāʾ (Arabic) subcontinent (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, etc.) waqf / pl. awqāf (Arabic); successors (to the Prophet) war on terror Sudan (not the Sudan) waṭan (Arabic) Suez Crisis/Suez War wazīr (Arabic) Sufi(sm) website Süleiman (the Magnificent) white (people) sultan World War I, II sunna worldview Sunni suq sura 4 IJMES Word List - Last Revised 5 October 2010 Y Young Turk Revolution (but 1908 revolution) Yishuv, Old/New Z Yom Kippur War (but 1973 war or October zakat war) Zionist lobby Young Turk 5 .