Grade 3 Core Knowledge Language Arts® • Listening & Learning™ Strand The Ancient Roman Civilization Roman Ancient The Tell It Again!™ Read-Aloud Anthology Read-Aloud Again!™ It Tell The Ancient Roman Civilization Tell It Again!™ Read-Aloud Anthology Listening & Learning™ Strand GRAde 3 Core Knowledge Language Arts® Creative Commons Licensing This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You are free: to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix — to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution — You must attribute the work in the following manner: This work is based on an original work of the Core Knowledge® Foundation made available through licensing under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. This does not in any way imply that the Core Knowledge Foundation endorses this work. Noncommercial — You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. With the understanding that: For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this web page: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Copyright © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation www.coreknowledge.org All Rights Reserved. Core Knowledge Language Arts, Listening & Learning, and Tell It Again! are trademarks of the Core Knowledge Foundation. Trademarks and trade names are shown in this book strictly for illustrative and educational purposes and are the property of their respective owners. References herein should not be regarded as affecting the validity of said trademarks and trade names. Table of Contents The Ancient Roman Civilization Tell It Again!™ Read-Aloud Anthology Alignment Chart for The Ancient Roman Civilization . .v Introduction to The Ancient Roman Civilization . .1 Lesson 1: What is Rome? . 14 Lesson 2: The Legend of Romulus and Remus . 33 Lesson 3: Roman Gods and Goddesses . 48 Lesson 4: The Roman Republic . 63 Lesson 5: The Punic Wars . 78 Lesson 6: Daily Roman Life in the City, Part I . 91 Lesson 7: Daily Roman Life in the City, Part II . 104 Pausing Point 1 . 117 Lesson 8: Julius Caesar . 127 Lesson 9: Julius Caesar: The Later Years . 140 Lesson 10: Augustus Caesar and the Roman Empire . .154 Lesson 11: The Decline of the Roman Empire . 167 Lesson 12: The Western and Eastern Empires . 179 Lesson 13: Rome’s Lasting Contributions . 195 Pausing Point 2 . 207 Domain Assessment . .216 Appendix . 219 Alignment Chart for The Ancient Roman Civilization The following chart contains core content objectives addressed in this domain. It also demonstrates alignment between the Common Core State Standards and corresponding Core Knowledge Language Arts (CKLA) goals. Alignment Chart for Lesson The Ancient Roman Civilization 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Core Content Objectives Explain why ancient Rome was considered a civilization PPPPPPPPP Identify and locate on a map the following areas: Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Aegean Sea, Europe, the Alps, Italy, Rome, Sicily, Pompeii, Mount Vesuvius, Tiber River, Greece, France (Gaul), Spain, England, Germany, North PPPPPPP Africa, Tunisia (Carthage), Egypt, Asia Minor, Turkey, and/or Istanbul (Constantinople) Locate the Bosporous Strait and the Strait of Gibraltar, and explain the purpose of these waterways P Locate Rome on a map and identify it as the capital of present-day Italy and the approximate area where the ancient PPP Roman civilization began Identify the country of Italy as a peninsula P Define the terms BC/BCE and AD/CE PP P Describe how the work of archaeologists has helped us gain information about the ancient Roman civilization P P Identify some of the contributions of the ancient Roman civilization, and describe how they have influenced the PPPPPPPPPPP present Identify the eruption of Mount Vesuvius as the cause of the destruction of the city of Pompeii P Retell the legend of Romulus and Remus, and explain that this legend is believed to tell the story of the foundation of PP Rome Explain the importance of the Tiber River to the ancient Romans P Explain that most ancient Romans worshipped many gods and goddesses PP Identify Roman myths as a type of fiction P Describe the religion and mythology of ancient Rome as similar to that of ancient Greece P Compare and contrast the three categories of people in ancient Rome: patricians, plebeians, and slaves PPP The Ancient Roman Civilization | Alignment Chart v © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation Alignment Chart for Lesson The Ancient Roman Civilization 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Describe the evolution of government in ancient Rome: monarchy to republic to empire P PPP Describe the Senate as part of the government of the Roman Republic P Describe the importance of forums in Roman society and government P Explain that women did not have as many rights as men in Roman society P Explain the significance of the Punic Wars between ancient Rome and Carthage P Describe the role of Hannibal in the Punic Wars P Describe the everyday life of the ancient Romans PP Describe the life and contributions of Julius Caesar PPP Describe the role of Cleopatra of Egypt in the ancient Roman civilization PP Describe the many structures the ancient Romans built, including roads, bridges, aqueducts, and amphitheaters P P Describe the life and contributions of Augustus Caesar as first emperor of Rome P Explain the significance of the Pax Romana and how it affected the life of Romans P Explain that Rome had favorable and unfavorable emperors, and give a few examples PPP Identify a few factors that led to the decline of the Roman Empire PPP Describe the development of Christianity during the Roman Empire, including the persecution of Christians P Explain why the Roman Empire split into two parts: the Western and the Eastern empires P Describe the rise of the Byzantine Empire P Identify Constantine the Great as the first Roman emperor to make laws to end the persecution of Christians, and describe P his other contributions Identify Justinian as a Byzantine emperor, and describe his contributions P Identify Latin as the language of ancient Rome and the origin of the Romance languages P vi The Ancient Roman Civilization | Alignment Chart © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation Alignment Chart for Lesson The Ancient Roman Civilization 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Reading Standards for Literature: Grade 3 Key Ideas and Details Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures; determine the central message, lesson, STD RL.3.2 or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text. Recount fiction read-alouds from diverse CKLA cultures; determine the central message, Goal(s) lesson, or moral and explain how it is P conveyed through key details in the text Describe characters in a story (e.g., their traits, motivations, or feelings) and explain how their actions contribute to STD RL.3.3 the sequence of events. Describe characters in a fiction read- aloud (e.g., their traits, motivations, or feelings) and explain how their actions P CKLA contribute to the sequence of events Goal(s) Identify and express mental states and emotions of self and others, including the narrator and/or characters of a fiction P read-aloud Integration of Knowledge and Ideas Explain how specific aspects of a text’s illustrations contribute to what is conveyed by the words in a story (e.g., STD RL.3.7 create mood, emphasize aspects of a character or setting). Describe images, orally or in writing, and how they contribute to what is conveyed by the words in a fiction read-aloud (e.g., P CKLA create mood, emphasize aspects of a Goal(s) character or setting) Use images (e.g., maps, photographs) accompanying a fiction read-aloud to P check and support understanding The Ancient Roman Civilization | Alignment Chart vii © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation Alignment Chart for Lesson The Ancient Roman Civilization 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Reading Standards for Informational Text: Grade 3 Key Ideas and Details Ask and answer questions to demonstrate understanding of a text, referring explicitly to the text as the basis for the STD RI.3.1 answers. Ask and answer questions (e.g., who, what, where, when, why, how), orally or in writing, requiring literal recall and understanding of the details and/or facts P of a nonfiction/informational read-aloud CKLA Ask and answer questions, orally Goal(s) or in writing, that require making interpretations, judgments, or giving opinions about what is heard in a nonfiction/informational read-aloud, P including asking and answering why questions that require recognizing or inferring cause/effect relationships Determine the main idea of a nonfiction/informational read-aloud; recount the key details and explain how they STD RI.3.2 support the main idea. Determine the main idea of a nonfiction/ CKLA informational read-aloud; recount the key Goal(s) details and explain how they support the P main idea Describe the relationship between a series of historical events, scientific ideas or concepts, or steps in technical STD RI.3.3 procedures in a text, using language that pertains to time, sequence, and cause/effect. With assistance, create and/or interpret timelines and lifelines related to content PPPPP in a nonfiction/informational read-aloud Sequence four to six pictures or sentences illustrating/describing