Index A.G. Spalding & Brothers, 45, 117 and boxing, 23, 46, 271, 276–277, Aamidor, Abraham, 75, 251 280–282, 284, 436–438, 442, 446, 472, Aaron, Hank, 645–646 492, 628, 638–639 Abbott, Jim, 194 and car racing, 315 Abbott, Margaret, 465, 509 and Cold War, 76, 85, 371–372, 391, Abdul-Jabbar, Kareem, 88, 250, 257, 447 447, 492 Abelson, Donald, 372 and college football, 87–88, 217, 445 Abrams, Roger, 165, 185 and college sport, 255–257, 436 Abramson, Jesse, 347 and cycling, 121, 439, 638 Abreu, Christina, 281, 420, 558 and CYO, 142 acculturation, 40, 169, 207, 423, 424 and elite sports, 302–304 theories of, 412–413 and golf, 294–295, 300–301, 303–304, 309 see also assimilation; ethnicity; ­immigration and hunting, 482 Achorn, Edward, 162 integration, 73–74, 87–89, 144, 189–191, Adams, Daniel, 635 255–257, 443–445, 513, 558–561 Adams, Mary Louise, 91–92, 494 and jockeys, 437, 483 Addams, Jane, 129; see also settlement and major leagues, 89, 144, 155, 168, 181, houses 183, 188–191, 193, 195, 443–444, 448, Adelman, Melvin, 3, 4, 13, 16, 25–29, 34, 558–559, 642, 645 119, 132, 158, 160,COPYRIGHTED 225, 273, 338–339, manliness, MATERIAL 484, 488, 491–493, 623 359, 408, 458–463, 467, 482, 483–484, and military, 168, 190–191, 443 527, 535, 578–569 and minor leagues, 144 Adelson, Bruce, 72 and NBA, 88–89, 257–259, 262, 448–449, African Americans, 36, 46–47, 434–449 491, 537, 648 and basketball, 75, 89, 144, 246–249, 252, and Negro leagues, 63–64, 144, 167–168, 254–259, 261–262, 507–508, 537, 181, 420, 439–442, 444, 484, 493, 512, 622–623 531–532 black power, 446–447 and NFL, 73–74, 222–223, 233–235, black press, 558 444–445, 646, 648 A Companion to American Sport History, First Edition. Edited by Steven A. Riess. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 0002085035.INDD 656 3/1/2014 10:08:51 AM INDEX 657 and Olympics, 389, 391, 396, 511, 513, and Olympics, 642 561, 562 and track, 90 prejudice, 405–406, 470, 488, 558–559 Ameche, Alan, 227–128 slavery, 337, 435–437, 455, 502 America’s Cup, 119–120, 123 and swimming, 435–436, 502 American Association, 114, 137, 156, 164, and tennis, 300, 303, 305, 446, 448, 440, 642 513–515, 562 American Basketball Association (ABA), 259, and track, 344, 347, 349–350, 442–443, 261 513, 514, 641 American Basketball League (ABL), 75 and white media, 558–561 American Broadcasting Company (ABC), 92, and women, 69, 91, 99, 254, 301, 304, 93, 232, 283, 351, 386, 540, 565–567, 305, 349–350, 446, 448, 507–508, 589, 649 511–515, 561–562 see also Arledge, Roone; Monday Night see also Ali, Muhammad; Ashe, Arthur; Football; Wide World of Sports, The Flood, Curt; Harlem Globetrotters; American College of Sports Medicine, 124 Johnson, Jack; Louis, Joe; military; New American exceptionalism York Rens; Robinson, Jackie; Russell, football, 237 Bill; Smith, Tommie sports, 13, 89, 100, 523 Africans, 176 American Farmer, The, 555 apartheid, 85 see also American Turf Register and Aiello, Thomas, 187 Sporting Magazine Alamillo, José M., 364, 420–421 American Football League, 221, 225, 229, Alcindor, Lou: see Abdul-Jabbar, Kareem 261, 534, 535, 566, 589, 647 alcohol, 19, 122, 125, 164, 275, 483, 610, American Jockey Club, 37, 463 634, 640–641, 644 American League, 45, 137, 156, 164–165, Alcott, Amos Bronson, 604 529, 530, 541, 588, 643 Alexander, Charles, 45, 67, 161, 164–165, see also major league baseball 178–179, 186–187, 344, 410, 528, 563 American Olympic Committee, 341, Alexander, George E., 299 382–384, 393 Alfieri, Gus, 251, 649 American Professional Football Association Ali, Muhammad, 87, 95, 272, 282–283, 370, (APFA), 222, 223 386, 436, 446–447, 492, 580, 639–640, American Revolution, 21, 133, 502, 527, 603 648 American Society for the Prevention of All American Football League, 87, 221, Cruelty to Animals, 458 225–227, 534 American Tennis Association, 305, 513 All-American Girls Professional Baseball American Turf Register and Sporting League (AAGPBL), 185, 189, 513, 532 Magazine, 553–555 Allen, Forest C. “Phog,” 637 Anderson, Dave, 272 Allison, Davey, 325 Anderson, Eric, 92 Allison, Dean, 283 Anderson, Jack, 273 Allison, Lincoln, 339, 351, 360 Anderson, Lars, 261–262 Alpert, Rebecca, 5, 189, 532 Anderson, Nancy Fix, 338 Altherr, Thomas L., 335–337, 406, 407–408 Andrews, David L., 448–449 Amateur Athletic Union (AAU), 52, 90, 141, Angell, Roger, 182 250, 253, 340–345, 346, 349–351, 382, Anglo-American society, 21, 22, 43, 408, 383–384, 390–391, 464, 513, 640 423, 490, 500 Amateur Sports Act (1978), 350, 386 Annapolis, MD, 131, 446 amateurism, 5, 6, 41, 43–44, 45, 52, 96, 155, Anson, Cap, 159–160, 632 158, 204, 213–214, 251, 275, 334, 338, Anthropology Days (1904), 51, 421–422 340–341, 351, 372, 382, 408, 463, 488, anti-Semitism, 66, 224, 300, 388, 389, 514, 581, 635, 642 416, 609 British, 382 Antwerp Olympics (1920), 344, 346, 510 and football, 41, 64 Appel, Marty, 160–161, 410 0002085035.INDD 657 3/1/2014 10:08:51 AM 658 INDEX Arcidiacono, David, 167 aviation, 123, 462 Ardell, Jean, 185, 512, 532 Axtell, James, 22 Ardolino, Frank, 159 Axthelm, Pete, 261 arenas, 7–8, 37, 75, 113, 116, 126, 249, 254, 577–578, 583, 590–591 backcountry, 17, 22, 274, 337, 408 and boxing, 538, 580, 582 see also folk games as contested cultural sites, 24, 301 badminton, and Chinese Americans, 422, 491 and cycling, 538 Baer, Clara, 252 and early basketball, 75, 249 Baer, Max, 278 and NBA, 257, 258, 536, 592 Bain-Selbo, Eric, 76 and NHL, 75, 116, 592 Baker, Aaron, 625 outdoor ballparks as, 277 Baker Bowl, 115, 583 public financing of, 146, 577, 593 Baker, Hobey, 607 and track, 344, 345, 469 Baker, Norman, 339 and WNBA, 254 Baker, Philip, 342–343 see also Madison Square Garden Baker, William J., 49, 70, 345, 367, 396, Arledge, Roone, 92–93, 96, 227, 232, 351, 443, 605, 611, 641 540, 566–567, 649 Baldwin, Douglas, 67 Armstrong, Christopher, 462 Baldwin, Peter, 140 Armstrong, Henry, 280, 442 Bale, John, 348 Armstrong, Louis, 623 Balliotti, Raymond, 230 Ashe, Arthur, 296, 297, 303, 305, 306 Balter, Sam, 368 as historian, 347, 349, 435 Baltimore, MD, 136, 143, 304, 467 Ashford, Emmett, 181 antebellum black athletes in, 436, 437 Asian Americans, 7, 422–423 and racing, 463 see also Chinese Americans; Filipino and YMHA, 609 Americans; Japanese Americans Baltimore Colts, 73, 225, 227, 228, 588–589, Asinof, Eliot, 170, 619 593, 646 assimilation, 35, 36, 40, 43, 141–142, 184, Baltimore Elite Giants, 64, 174 188, 209, 247, 248, 262, 335, 406–407, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, 120 411–413, 416–417, 422–424, 643 Baltimore Orioles, 98, 146, 167, 186, 193, see also acculturation 529, 587, 643 Astley Belt races, 339, 469 and Camden Yards, 116, 146, 539, 592 Athens Intercalated Games (1906), 382 Baltimore Ravens, 221, 231 Athens Olympics (1896), 341, 380, 381, 395 Baltimore Stallions, 231 athletic clubs, 6, 32, 46, 135, 141, 142, 247, Baltzell, E. Digby, 296, 300 250, 275, 300, 334, 339–344, 346, 347, Bannister, Roger, 348, 351 350 Barber, Red, 187, 563 elite, 37, 44, 52, 463–465 bare-knuckle fighting era, 6, 23–24, 46, 272, ethnic, 408, 416 273, 482–483, 580, 637 women’s, 48, 464–465 Barkow, Al, 296, 300 athletic revolution, 84, 95–96, 351 Barney, Robert K., 6–7, 367, 381, 385, 387, Atlanta, GA, 36, 117, 158, 221, 258, 277, 389, 391–393, 395–396, 411, 540 304, 325 Barrow, Ed, 519 Atlanta Braves, 192, 590, 592, 645–646 Barry, Dan, 193 Atlanta Olympics (1996), 394, 516 Barth, Gunther, 36, 137 Audubon Society, 39 baseball, 45 automobile, 110, 111, 121, 122, 143 and African Americans, 46–47, 167–168, car racing, 313–329, 360–363, 472 439–440, 491 stadium parking, 146, 592 amateur era, 157–158 see also France; NASCAR; stock-car racing antebellum era, 25, 28, 582 Automobile Club of America (AAA), 315, and ballparks, 136, 581 316, 320 and Barzun, Jacques, 25 0002085035.INDD 658 3/1/2014 10:08:51 AM INDEX 659 character building, 465, 467, 484 Stockings; major league baseball; Negro and Chinese Americans, 422 leagues and Civil War, 28, 157–158 basketball, 249–250 and cricket, 28, 360, 408 and AAU, 250–251, 253, 513 and Cuba, 51, 163 and African Americans, 47, 249–250, and democracy, 143, 214 444–446, 506, 508 and Dominican Republic, 64 and Catholics, 507, 608 ethnicity, 141, 609–610 and Chinese, 249, 422 first professionals, 52 and Cold War, 86 in Hawaii, 423 ethnicity, 40–41, 249, 406, 414–416, 418 historiography, 2–4, 14, 45, 155–157, and film, 628 159–160 industrial leagues, 471, 641 imperialism, 51 and jazz, 622–623 and Japan and Japanese Americans, 51, and Jews, 41, 249, 251–252, 414–415, 163, 422–423, 493 506, 507, 609 journalism, 562, 581, 649 journalism, 556 and Latinos, 420 and Latinos, 421 and Little League, 145 Native American, 48–49 manliness, 484, 555 and Olympics, 40, 251, 368–369, 385–386 metropolitan New York, 135–136 origins, 247–248, 251–252, 636–637 middle-class clubs, 37, 135, 459, origins of jump shot, 251 465, 483 playgrounds, 261–262 modernization, 132, 133 professional, pre NBA, 248–249 and music, 621–622 and religion, 607 National Association of Base Ball Players and settlement houses, 43 (NABBP), 135 and social class, 465, 469, 471–473, 506 National Association of Professional Base and social mobility, 472–473 Ball Players (NAPBBP), 37, 136, 163, and women’s six-person game, 253 164 see also American Basketball Association as national pastime, 28, 44, 73, 92, 110, (ABA); American Basketball League 113, 114, 117, 135, 221, 589, 593 (ABL); Chamberlain, Wilt; college and nationalism, 50 basketball; Gottlieb, Eddie; Harlem origin myths of, 13, 135, 155–157, 362, Globetrotters; Jordan, Michael; 380, 580–581, 635