MINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Manual for Planning, Design and Implementation of City Bus Depots Training Module - Introduction August, 2020 Why a Manual on depot design & implementation is needed? Depot performance will depend on key decisions beforehand . Depots are long term investments meant for efficient services Very limited guidance exists on Bus Depots for India’s city-buses Most Depot Managers felt shortfalls exist in depot designs. PTAs, Operators, Designers & Urban Planners must get involved A depot must be adaptable to technology changes in its life-cycle Available Bus Depot Guidance was Reviewed Domestic • Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation. “ Bus Depot Design Guidelines ”, 2017 International • Napa County Transportation and Planning Agency (NCTPA). “ Bus Maintenance Yard and Fuelling Facility ”, 2013 • American Public Transportation Association (APTA). “ Architectural and Engineering Design for a Transit Operating and Maintenance Facility ”, 2011 • U.S. Department of Transportation. “ Transit Garage Planning Guidelines ”, 1987 • UITP. “ Field Study on Bus Depots and Bus Maintenance ”, 2013 • UITP. “ VDV Recommendations on the Design of Bus Depot ”, 2016 • World Bank Urban Bus Toolkit (Depots). “https://ppiaf.org/sites/ppiaf.org/files/documents/toolkits/UrbanBusToolkit/assets/home.html ” • Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP). “ BRT Planning Guide ”, Chapter 26, 2017 • UWP/SMEC SouthAfrica JV. “North Bus Depot, Basis of Design Report”, 2015 Depot Visits Conducted Musheerabad-2 Depot, Primary Data and Firsthand TSRTC Feedback obtained by visiting 7 Operating Depots and 3 under construction Depots Shanthi Nagar Depot, BMTC SRTC Surat Depot, Surat Sitilink Limited Volvo Depot, BMTC Todi Depot, JCTSL Colaba Depot, BEST Hubli Depot, HDBRTS Dharwad Depot, HDBRTS City/SPV Bagrana Depot, JCTSL Kanjhawala Depot, Cluster Bus Service Delhi Salient Features of the Manual • The Manual is a comprehensive guidance on conceptualization, site selection, development, design and construction of depots. • The Manual plans the depot based on the workflow i.e. movement of bus, material and personnel. • The Manual discusses different types of depots based on the activities carried out in them. • What impacts in depots design are to be catered for depending on types of rolling stock and types of fuel. • The Manual recommends various Green Building, Security and Safety measures to be incorporated while designing the depot. • What types of technology changes may come about in the depot’s lifecycle and how to adapt. Processes Involved that are covered in the Manual What type of a Depot is to be planned for which types of buses . Importance of Site Selection Essential and desirable facilities in a depot Conceptual Preliminary Design Detailed Design Planning for Construction and Implementation The manual takes the user through these steps with illustrative designs of every element. Who all may find the Manual useful Officers of State Government responsible for urban development Officers of Government/ Urban Local Bodies for urban transport Engineers at SRTC/ SPV/ MTU/ TD/ Private operators Planners/ Architects/ Consultants engaged to plan & design city bus depots Academic & other institutions that engage in this field Every user of the Manual may have a different requirement. Snapshots, illustrative designs, clearances and project development process have been independently defined (for simplicity of users) Sequence in which the guidance is presented in the Manual Local Factors Identification • Chapter 1: Introduction to the Manual (Module A) • Chapter 2: Planning Process for a Bus Depot Planning • Chapter 3: Site Selection for a Bus Depot (Module B) • Chapter 4: Workflow in a Bus Depot • Chapter 5: Design Considerations for Bus Movement Areas • Chapter 6: Design Considerations for Staff Movement Areas Design • Chapter 7: Design Considerations for Inventory and (Module C) Material Movement Area • Chapter 8: Safety & Security • Chapter 9: Utilities • Chapter 10: Environment Implementation • Chapter 11: Implementation Process for Bus Depots (Module D) Adaptation of Existing Design • Chapter 12: Adaptability of Developed Bus Depot (Module E) Designs General Question faced by Depot Designers What activities should be performed at the Depot? What size should the depot be to perform these activities? Where should the depot be located? How should the activities be arranged in the depot? How should the activites be performed (equipment, practices)? How much will the depot cost? The Manual answers these questions and suggest different design based on the selection. FACTORS IMPACTING DEPOT DESIGN & CHOICES Fleet strength over Depot’s lifecycle Bus types (oil, gas, electric,) & dimensions. (length, floor height) Parking requirement and personnel’s needs Maintenance philosophy Environmental, Safety, & Traffic Impacts Types of Buses Section 1.2.3 on Page No. 24 Impact on Depot Design • Low Floor Bus (400mm) – Stepless • Pit Depth entry/exit • Ramp Gradient • Semi Low Floor Bus (650mm) - Floor Height Entry + one step • Inspection, Maintenance, • Standard Bus (900mm) - Entry + Washing two steps • Turning Radii / Swept path • Standard Bus (12m) • Pit Lengths • Midi Bus (9m) Length • Fuelling, Washing, • Mini Bus (6m) Maintenance, Parking, • Articulated Bus (18m and/or 24m) Circulation, Queuing • Diesel Bus , BS 4, BS 6 Areas – Fuelling, Maintenance, Fuel • CNG/ HCNG Bus Parking • Electric/ Hybrid Bus • Height • Single Decker Bus • Fuelling, Washing, Deck • Double Decker Bus Maintenance • Swept Path • Single Rear Axle bus Rear Axle • Fuelling, Washing, • Multi Rear Axle bus Configuration Maintenance, Parking, • Rear Axle Loads Circulation, Queuing • Air-Conditioned Bus Comfort • Height • Non Air-Conditioned Bus • Washing Major Activities in a Bus Depot Section 3.1 on Page No. 19 Entry/ Exit Fuelling Washing Parking Maintenance Administrative Block • Routine Maintenance • Allocation of duties to staff/ crew • Maintenance in bench work areas/ • Cash handling/revenue accountal machine shop • ETM handling and charging • Wheel and tyre activities • Staff/ Crew amenities • Alignment testing • Administrative work • Brake testing • Training & Development Inventory/ storage work Storage and disposal of scrap Types of Depots Section 1.2.1 on Page No. 22 • Night Parking Tier 1: Parking • Physical checking and minor on-site repairs Bus Depots • Washing • Parking Bus Depots + • Fuelling Tier 2: Unitary • Battery Charging Bus Depots • Minor and Scheduled Maintenance • Capacity Building • Unitary Bus Depots + • Major Maintenance and Accidental repairs Tier 3: Central or • Tyre Retreading Regional Bus Depots • Inventory and Waste Management • Major planning of civil infrastructure required for parking and unitary bus depots There can be different combinations of aforementioned activities depending on operational requirement & maintenance philosophy of the operator and size of land parcel available for the depot . Maintenance Philosophy Section 1.2.2 on Page No. 23 Minor repairs Preventive maintenance – KM based/ Time based Major maintenance, mid life-refurbishment, accidental repairs Maintenance Block • Bench-work and other activities • Tyre Section • Fuel Injecter Section • Brake Testing • Auto Electrical/ Electronic Section • Brake Overhauling Section • Reconditioning of Major Aggregates • Inventory and Material Handling Users adopt their Maintenance Philosophy based their requirement and not necessarily what OEMs recommend. Principles for Block Layouts Section 3.2 on Page No. 20 Illustrative design of each of the block have been provided which can be used by the designers Designers must understand the movement of the various element such as bus, material, personnel - drivers and conductors, maintenance staff, admin staff and visitors to design a better depot Process Flow In-Shedding of buses Check for presence of major items Documentation of faults in bus by driver Sequence of Fuelling, Fuelling Washing, Logging of Km Parking and Maintenance activities are Washing interchangeable Type of Fuel also impact the Parking sequence Maintenance Routine Checking and Preventive Maintenance: Major Maintenance Minor Repairs KM Based/ Time Based Allocation of Buses Bus ready for out-shedding Out-Shedding of buses Visual inspection by driver Work and Material Flow should lead to design of a bus depot Bus Driver Movement in a Bus Depot Proceed to bus in Attendance in Duty allocation parking area Entry into bus Admin block depot Easy Access (1) Pedestrian Access Easy Access to to Allocation to bus Parking Area Vehicle Parking Attendance and Dormitory and (2) Marked System parking location Visual Inspection Bus movement of bus and Basic Completion of Bus out to Exit Gate Checks day’s operation shedding Open bus Movement area movement area around the bus Logging of bus Logging of km Parking Bus in shedding complaints Fast entry Easy Access Fast entry There must be a clear and proper barrier, so that bus driver won’t enter the maintenance area. Conductor Movement in a Bus Depot Attendance in Admin block Duty allocation Entry into bus depot (1) Pedestrian access Easy Access to to admin block and (2) Allocation and Vehicle Parking Easy Access to Dormitory Attendance System Bus boarding at Exit Gate Collect tickets/ Bus out shedding Pedestrian ETM Access to Exit Min queue Gate Go to Cash and Completion of Bus in shedding ETM Section day’s operation Min queue There must be a clear and proper barrier, so that bus conductor won’t enter