Tesi Di Laurea Francesca Nìcoli(1)

Tesi Di Laurea Francesca Nìcoli(1)

SCUOLA SUPERIORE PER MEDIATORI LINGUISTICI (Decreto Ministero dell’Università 31/07/2003) Via P. S. Mancini, 2 – 00196 - Roma TESI DI DIPLOMA DI MEDIATORE LINGUISTICO (Curriculum Interprete e Traduttore) Equipollente ai Diplomi di Laurea rilasciati dalle Università al termine dei Corsi afferenti alla classe delle LAUREE UNIVERSITARIE IN SCIENZE DELLA MEDIAZIONE LINGUISTICA Il linguaggio gergale e il dialetto in ambito letterario e cinematografico RELATORI: CORRELATORI: Prof.ssa Adriana Bisirri Prof.ssa Claudia Piemonte Prof.ssa Maria Nocito Prof.ssa M. F. Vaneecke CANDIDATA: Francesca Nìcoli 2349 ANNO ACCADEMICO 2017/2018 Sommario Introduzione .......................................................................................... VI I.Il linguaggio gergale ............................................................................. 1 I.1. Il gruppo ............................................................................................ 1 I.2. Lo scopo ............................................................................................ 2 I.3. Etimologia e denominazioni ............................................................. 3 I.4. I gerganti nella storia ........................................................................ 3 I.5. Gerghi e mestieri ............................................................................... 4 I.6. Le caratteristiche ............................................................................... 5 I.6.a. Il disfemismo .............................................................................. 6 II.Il gergo nella letteratura ..................................................................... 11 II.1. Cecco Angiolieri ............................................................................ 11 II.2. Luigi Pulci ..................................................................................... 12 II.3. Cletto Arrighi ................................................................................. 14 II.4. Carlo Emilio Gadda ....................................................................... 15 II.5. Pierpaolo Pasolini .......................................................................... 16 II.6. Altri autori ..................................................................................... 17 III.Il gergo nel cinema ........................................................................... 20 III.1. L’odore della notte ....................................................................... 21 III.2. Scialla (stai sereno) ...................................................................... 22 III.3. Altri film ....................................................................................... 25 IV. Il dialetto ......................................................................................... 26 VI.1 Il dialetto nei giovani .................................................................... 31 VI.2. Latinorum e cultismi nel dialetto ................................................. 34 VI.3. La situazione linguistica italiana odierna .................................... 36 VI.3.a. Geosinonimi e geoomonimi ................................................... 38 I VII. Caratteristiche ................................................................................ 46 VII.1 Dialetti settentrionali ................................................................... 46 VII.1.a Dialetti gallo-italici : .............................................................. 46 VII.2 Dialetto toscano ........................................................................... 47 VII.4.a. Trilussa ................................................................................. 48 VII.4.b. Pierpaolo Pasolini ................................................................. 52 VIII. Il dialetto nel cinema .................................................................... 63 VIII.1. Ladri di biciclette: ..................................................................... 63 Conclusione ........................................................................................... 67 Introduction .............................................................................................. I I. Uses and functions of slang ................................................................. 1 I.1 The group ........................................................................................... 2 I.2 The aim .............................................................................................. 2 II. Characteristics of slang ....................................................................... 4 II.1. Dysphemisms and euphemisms....................................................... 6 III. Slang in literature .............................................................................. 8 III.1. Thomas Harman ............................................................................. 8 III.2. Thomas D’Urfey ............................................................................ 9 III.3. Henry Fielding ............................................................................. 10 III.4. Pierce Egan ................................................................................... 11 III.5. Other authors ................................................................................ 12 IV. English dialects ............................................................................... 15 IV.1. Cockney ....................................................................................... 16 IV.1.a. The costers ............................................................................. 16 IV.2. Use of cockney in movies ............................................................ 17 IV.2.a. “Lock, stock and two smoking barrels” ................................. 17 IV.2.b. “My Fair Lady” ...................................................................... 18 IV.3. Other dialects ............................................................................... 19 II IV.3.a. Yorkshire ................................................................................ 19 IV.3.b. East midlands English............................................................ 20 IV.3.c. East Anglian English.............................................................. 21 Conclusion ............................................................................................. 22 Introduction .............................................................................................. I I. Emplois et fonctions de l’argot .......................................................... III I.1.Le groupe ........................................................................................... 1 I.2. Le but ................................................................................................ 1 II. Les caractéristiques de l’argot ............................................................ 3 II.1. Dysphémisme et euphémisme ......................................................... 4 III. L’argot dans la littérature .................................................................. 7 III.1. François Villon ............................................................................... 7 III.2. Victor Hugo .................................................................................... 8 III.3. Alphonse Boudard ........................................................................ 10 IV. Les patois : ...................................................................................... 11 IV.1. Le patois et les jeunes : ................................................................ 11 IV.2. Le français régional : ................................................................... 12 IV.3. L’influence du français ................................................................ 12 IV.4. Caractéristiques des patois : ......................................................... 13 V. Classification .................................................................................... 14 V.1. La langue d’oc : ............................................................................. 14 V.1.a. Le gascon ................................................................................. 15 V.1.b. L’auvergnat ............................................................................. 15 V.1.c. Le provençal (moyen, alpin et oriental) .................................. 16 V.2. La langue d’oïl .............................................................................. 16 V.2.a. Le normand.............................................................................. 16 V.2.b. Le picard .................................................................................. 17 V.2.c. Le wallon ................................................................................. 17 III V.3.Le franco-provençal .................................................................... 18 VI. Les patois dans les films ................................................................. 19 VI.1. Bienvenue chez les ch'tis ............................................................. 19 VII. Les patois dans la littérature .......................................................... 20 VII.1. Hubert Ora .................................................................................. 20 VII.2. Guillaume de Berneville ............................................................. 21 Conclusion ............................................................................................. 22 Ringraziamenti

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