The Open Court A. WEEKLY JOURNAIi Devoted to the Work of Conciliating Religion with Science, Entered at the Chicago Post-Ofl&ce as Second-Class Matter. -OFFICE, 169—175 LA SALLE STREET.- ( Dollars per Year. Vol. III.— 12 Two No. 90. CHICAGO, MAY 16, li Single Copies, I 10 cts. CONTENTS: RISE OF THE PEOPLE OF ISRAEL. I. Prof. Carl POETRY. Heinrich Cornill i6ig Sonnet. Louis Belrose, Jr 1626 FACTS AND TRUTHS. COL. INGERSOLL'S SCIENCE. To The Soul. W. D. Lighthall 1626 W, M. Boucher 1620 CORRESPONDENCE. THE SITAHARANAM ; OR, THE RAPE OF SITA. An Positivism. Louis Belrose, Jr 1626 Episode from the Great Sanskrit Epic "Ramayana." Comtists And Agnostics. R. F. Smith 1626 Prof, .\lbert H. Gunlogsen 1622 Philosophy At Montreal. JIarv Morgan (Gowan Lea.) 1627 THE COMING RELIGION. Charles K. Whipple 1623 Absolute Existence (^With Editorial Note). P 1627 GOD, FREEDOM, AND IMMORTALITY. Editor 1625 FICTION. BOOK REVIEWS, NOTES, ETC. The Lost Manuscript. (Continued.) Gustav Freytag. 1628 the con- REMINGTON TWENTIETHCENTURY ENLARGED AND IMPROVED. Devoted to Secular Religion dnd "THE WEEK," Social Regeneration. Type- A Cafiadian Journal of Politics^ Lit- erature^ Science J and Art. HUGH 0. PENTECOST, Editor. Published every Friday. $3.00 per writer year. $1.00 for Four Months. Contains, besides crisp and pointed editorials WON THE WEEK has entered on its SIXTHf^ear of and contributions from a corps of able writers, the publication, greatly enlarged and improved in every respect, rendering it still more worthy Sunday Addresses of the Editor before Unity Con- the cordial GOLD MEDAL support of every one interested in the maintenance gregation. of a first-class literary journal. " " It is the only so-called Liberal paper that ad- The independence in politics and criticism which SILVER "medal vocates radical social regeneration. has characterized THE WEEK ever since its first issue will be rigidly maintained; and unceasing' Its columns are open to the absolutely free dis- efforts will be made to improve its literary charac- CHAMPIONSHIP OF THE WORLD, cussion of all religious and economic theories. ter and increase its attractiveness as a journal for pages. Issued subscrip- the cultured home. Many new and able writers At TORONTO, in open contest, August 13, 18S8. Twelve weekly. Annual are now, or have promised to become, contributors tion, one dollar. Saiupie Copies free. 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Economy of thought is possible through application of the PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY BY laws of form to thought. THE OPEN COURT PUBLISHING CO. Knowledge is the possession of certain truths. BDWARD C. HEGELER, President. DR. PAUL CARUS, Editor. [Knowledge is, so to say, the present stock or capital with which Science works. Science cannot exist without knowledge. The object of Science is not only to increase and enlarge knowl- Throughout the Postal Union edge but also to purify the present stock of knowledge from vague- PER YEAR. SI. 00 FOR SIX MONTHS. TERMS. S2.00 ness, errors, and misconceptions. S0.50 FOR THREE MONTHS. SINGLE COPIES. 10 GTS. The purpose of knowledge is that of increasing our power over nature.] All communications should be addressed to Monism is that philosophy which recognizes the oneness of All- existence, and the Religion of Monism teaches that the individual, (Nixon Building, 175 La Salle Street,) as a part of the whole, has to conform to the cosmical laws of the F. O. DRAWER F. CHICAGO. ILL. All. Religion is man's aspiration to be in harmony with the All. Review of Recent Work of TH E OPEN COURT. [Religion has been defined differently in the columns of The PHILOSOPHY. Open Court, but all definitions that have been presented are in Hedonism and Asceticism. Editor No. 8r strict agreement. Mr. Hegeler in No. 25, defines Religion as "man's union with the All " (taking the definition from the Lu- Philosophy has two aspects. Of these, ethics forms the prac- theran Catechism " Religion ist der Bund des Menschen mit Gott tical aspect, and, a systematic conception of the universe, the durchGott, " and replacing the Word God by the more compre- fallacy in the one theoretical. Philosophy and ethics go together ; hensive word The All). The editor has defined Religion as leads to corruption in the other. Materialism will logically end in "man's consciousness of his relation to the AH" (No. 24); as "Das hedonism or utilitarianism, for it places the object of life in mate- Allgeflihl im Einzelnen," the All-feeling in the individual (see asceticism, rial well-being, in happiness ; Spiritualism will lead to foot-note page 965); as " man's conception of the world that serves a renunciation of the pleasures of the world. Monism rejects both him as a guiding-star through life" (page 1180).] of existence in progress, in the constant views ; it sees the purpose aspiration after something higher and nobler. Morals are man's conduct in so far as it is in unison with the All. HISTORICAL AND CRITICAL. [The basis of morality is religion. A moral educator or The Discovery of the Veda. —The iNTERPfiEXAXiON preacher may justly be asked, "On what authority dost thou jus- OF THE Hindu Epic. H. Oldeneerg. .Nos. 84 and 85 tify thy precepts?" And he will tell us that his authority is not personal; he speaks in the name of universal order. Accordingly Prof. Oldenberg is one of the most eminent Sanskrit scholars his authority is that of religion. If it were not so, all his good of the present day. He tells us in popular language the story of precepts would have no foundation; they would hover in the air the origin, growth, and present state of Sanskrit research. The like beautiful dreams that have no reality.] discovery of the Veda, which forms the subject of the paper pub- is lished in No. 84, must be accounted the most important ac- Ethics the Science of Morals ; it teaches man why he must, quisition to science ever made through any one branch of oriental and how he can, regulate his conduct so as to be in unison enquiry. The results of investigation in this department have re- with the All. constructed the foundations of comparative history, philology, Natural history and the history of mankind prove that here on and religion. Through the untiring efforts of great philosophy, earth a constant progress takes place developing ever higher forms a new world, a new literature, a new and strange people scholars, of existence. been revealed to us. have Morally good are those acts which are in harmony with the All, i. f. , those which enhance progress, and morally iad are those DEFINITIONS EXPLANATORY OF THE POSITION OF which are not in harmony with the All, /. ^. , those which retard or OPEN COURT." "THE prevent progress. The Data of experience are perceptions. [Religion (man's aspiration to be in unison with the All) has Reality is the sum total of all that is. naturally produced many superstitious notions in the world, of its Truth is the conformity of cognition to reality. origin, and of its purpose. Similarly, science (man's search for [Truth being a relation between subject and object appears to truth) has produced many errors or false notions .of reality. But be relative in its nature. Absolute truth is a self-contradiction; it all the superstitions of religion do not prove that religion as such would imply cognition without a cognizing subject. is an illusion, and all the errors of science are no evidence that sci- At the same time it is obvious that absolute existence (in fact ence as such is a sham. everything absolute) is impossible. Reality is properly called IVirk- It is obvious that religion and science, as here defined, are not lichkeit in German, derived from wirken, to take effect. Reality is contradictory to, but complementary of.