Republic of the Philippines Philippine Merchant Marine Academy San Narciso, Zambales “Conduct of Relevant Research Geared Towards Growth and Development of our Country, A Must!!!” In order for any organization, be it small or large, to enable itself to effectively meet the challenges that lie on its path head on, it must ensure that it has a strong research capability in order to better prepare itself and all offi cial actions made are properly guided and not just based on mere conjectures or suppositions without being based on educated and well founded grounds. Another signifi cant aspect of a relevant research is its timeliness and responsiveness to the demands of the business sector or industry to where we belong. Furthermore, a focused action congruent to pre- identifi ed goals must be ensured at all times so we won’t waste scarce government resources in the process. We in the Academe must contribute our own fair share towards national growth and development and be very instrumental in alleviating the conditions of our countrymen to more decent and acceptable levels. We can say that we are truly effective and responsive, if and when our actions reverberate to a wider spectrum of the citizenry, resulting to positive gains through the conduct of relevant and timely research works. COMMO RICHARD U RITUAL PMMA President Republic of the Philippines Philippine Merchant Marine Academy San Narciso, Zambales The Waves, the research journal initiated by the PMMA Department of Research and Development (DRD), showcases how our institution is getting involved in advanced learning through research. In every learning institution, the research department can be considered as the soul of learning. Its development path runs parallel with its mother institution. There is an unseen string that connects them - one’s progress affects the other. The PMMA as the premier maritime institution of the country has scaled up the path to prestige as a result of its graduates’ performance in the industry combined with their passion to serve the academy by serving as academic instructors, as well as tactical offi cers, training students on the area of leadership and discipline. Their practical knowledge about the industry that is passed directly to the students has further propelled the reputation of PMMA graduates as hotshots of the maritime profession. In a parallel view, practical knowledge gained through experience is considered a result of individual research. It is therefore imperative that anyone capable of doing research in the academy should get themselves out from the box of their responsibilities and explore further the vast coast of knowledge. Research combined with practical experiences on-board, when shared with the students, will surely catapult the PMMA’s status as a maritime institution higher than we have already achieved. I congratulate the DRD for its Waves 2012 issue! CAPT JOHN LESLIE ROMEO M BENEDICTOS PMMA Vice President for Academics, Training, Research and Extension Republic of the Philippines Philippine Merchant Marine Academy San Narciso, Zambales This 2012, the Department of Research and Development (DRD) offers you a bigger, bolder Waves. On this issue, we offer you a new section dedicated for our student researchers. Student entries passed a series of editing by the DRD team to make sure that published researches deserve every centimeter in the journal’s space. With this initiative, it is highly expected that Waves will go better year after year. Furthermore, we at the DRD appreciate that more faculty and tactical offi cers participate with our team in conducting institutional researches this 2012. We hope that we will work with more of you on the coming years. Congratulations to the research frontrunners of the PMMA! Together, let us propagate a better research culture in and for the Academy. CDR VICTORIA Q PARAGGUA PMMA Director, Department of Research and Development Table of Contents An Assessment of An Assessment on the Professional Regulation Review Program of Commission Licensure Newpoint Technological Examinations for Marine Marine Review Center, Offi cers as a Means of Incorporated: Its Supplying Domestic and Contribution to Maritime International Marine Profession p.6 Offi cers p.2 The Effectiveness of An Analysis on the Seacrest Maritime Effectiveness of Crew Management Company’s and Family Welfare Crewing Services: An Program of Seacrest Assessment p.7 Maritime Management, Inc. p.3 Comparative Study of Traditional and On-line Root Cause Analysis of Pre-Departure Orientation Near-Misses On-board Seminar p.8 Ship: Implications for Safety Management p.4 The Level of Competitiveness and An Assessment of the Strategic Investment Linux Operating System in the Philippine Ship Training Needs for the Management Market of Support Level Personnel Sandigan Ship Services, of Hellespont Fleet Incorporated: An Vessels p.5 Selected Maritime Disasters in Assessment p.9 the Philippines during the Past Three Decades p.48 Effective Ways on LNG: A Greener How to Fight Piracy Alternative Bunker Threat in Somalia p.35 Fuel for Ships p.39 Assessment of the Research Practices A Study on the Measures PMMA Entrance of the Faculty of the Examination of Seafarer Supply with Philippine Merchant Statistical Comparison Instrument for Marine Academy: Effective Data Bank of Maritime Graduates Bases for Policy Career Path for the of Test Items p.23 Review, Revision and Republic of Korea and Formulation p.13 the Philippines p.27 Philippine Merchant Marine Academy Graduate School Theses 2012 Engr. Ronald G. Magsino, MSc Dean, Graduate School Waves 2 An Assessment of Professional Regulation Commission Licensure Examinations for Marine Offi cers as a Means of Supplying Domestic and International Marine Offi cers This study is an assessment of the Profes- sional Regulation Commission (PRC) licensure examinations for marine offi cers as a means of supplying domestic and international marine of- fi cers as there is a need to employ competent, knowledgeable and professional seafarers. Like- wise, the study includes the number of examin- ees with income derived and expenses incurred during the period of examination to determine Researcher: whether walk-in and written examinations can be Victoriano Amilangan Alojado means of supplying domestic and international Master in Shipping Business Management marine offi cers. Specifi cally, the study sought to answer the following questions: (1) What is the demographic profi le of the respondents in terms of (a) age, (b) In terms of elements, the study comprised gender, (c) years of Shipboard Experience [(c.1.) both qualitative and quantitative data. The quali- domestic shipping or (c.2.) international shipping], tative data is in the form of description of empiri- and (d) PRC Examination taken [(d.1.) manage- cal observations on phenomena; while the nu- ment level or (d.2.) operational level; (2) How do merical interpretations of phenomena served as we compare the walk-in examinations from writ- the quantitative element of this research. ten examinations in terms of methodology, pro- cess and fi nancial aspects as to income derived This study used a research-made question- from number of examinees and as to expenses naire consisting of four parts: (1) The demo- incurred for the examination; (3) What problems graphic profi le of the respondents such as age, were encountered by the applicants in taking writ- gender, years of shipboard experience and PRC ten and walk-in licensure examination in terms of examination taken; (2) The comparison of walk- (a) accessibility of the examination sites, (b) fre- in and written examinations for marine offi cers quency of examinations, and (c) review and refer- in terms of methodology and fi nancial aspect as ence materials; and (4) What recommendations to number of examinees; (3) The problems that can be suggested to improve the process of the were encountered by the applicants in taking ei- licensure examinations for marine offi cers. ther walk-in or written licensure examination; and (4) Recommendations to improve the process of The study is descriptive as to the methodology the licensure examinations for marine offi cers. since it gathered, classifi ed and described data in accordance with existing fi le situation as it ap- Survey questionnaires, validated by the ex- plies to groups of people. Cooper and Schindler perts, were distributed among the respondents. (2001) said that descriptive method of research The purpose and details of survey questionnaire tells us about the “what is” of the present time were explained to the respondents. The accom- as it holds true to a group of people, subjects or plished questionnaires were retrieved within two events. weeks after distribution. PRC | 8 Waves 3 An Analysis on the Effectiveness of Crew and Family Welfare Program of Seacrest Maritime Management, Inc. The study determined and analyzed the ef- fectiveness of Crew and Family Welfare Program of Seacrest Maritime Management, Incorporated (SMMI). It specifi cally sought to analyze the pro- fi le of crew and allottee-respondents by age, ed- ucational attainment, and years of stay with the company. The researcher also determined the ef- fectiveness of Crew and Family Welfare Program by the level of awareness and level of partici- Researcher: pation of the respondents. While the criteria (a) Lody Gariando Moya venue, (b) quality of service, (c) facilities, and (d) Master in Ship Management other related concerns defi ned the respondents’ level of satisfaction. As to the profi le of the respondents, feedback were drawn from 98 crew and their 69 allottees. From both groups, the educational attainment commodating and prompt to most requests. But and number of years they stayed with the com- it can be pointed out that feedback to inquiries is pany were considered. the missing quality of SMMI culture. The crew- respondents expect to be constantly abreast of There were high levels of awareness and par- the maritime updates. Most of them indicated the ticipation from the crew-respondents on the safe- need for a car transportation to be provided by ty and health programs given by the company.