UJ THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOUNDED BY JAMES LOEB, IX.D. EDITED BY t T. E. PAGE, C.H., LITT.D. fE. CAPPS, PH.D., LL.D. tW.H. D. ROUSE, LITT.D. L. A. POST, L.H.D. E. H. WARMINGTON, M.A., F.R.HIST.SOO. I.UCIAN m LUCIAN WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY A. M. HARMON OF YALE UNIVERSITY IN EIGHT VOLUMES III LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS MCMLX First printed 1921 Reprinted 1947, 1960 PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN CONTENTS PAGE LIST OF LUCIAN'S WORKS vi THE DEAD COME TO LIFE, OB THE FISHERMAN {Bevivescentes sive Picator) 1 THE DOUBLE INDICTMENT, OR TRIALS BY JURY {Bis Accusatus sive Trihunalia) 83 ON SACRIFICES {De Sacrificus) . 153 THE IGNORANT BOOK-COLLECTOR {Adversus Indoctum et libros mnltos emeniem) 173 THE DREAM, OR LUCIAN's CAREER {Somnium sivB Vita Luciani) 213 THE PARASITE, PARASITIC AN ART [De Parasito sive Ariem esse Parasiticam) 235 » THE LOVER OF LIES, OR THE DOUBTER {PhUopseudes sive Incredulus) 319 THE JUDGEMENT OF THE GODDESSES {Deariim ludiciuvt [Deorum Dialogi ZZ]) 383 ON SALARIED POSTS IN GREAT HOUSES {De Mercede conductis potentium familiaribus) 411 INDEX 483 LIST OF LUCIAN'S WOEKS SHOWING THEIR DIVISION INTO VOLUMES IN THIS EDITION VOLTJME I Phalaris I and II—Hippias or the Bath—Dionysus—Heracles—Amber or The Swans—The Fly—Nigrinus—Demonax—The Hall—My Native Land— Octogenarians—A True Story I and 11—Slander—The Consonants at Law—The Carousal or The Lapiths. VOLUMB II The Downward Joiu-ney or The Tyrant—Zeus Catechized—Zeus Rants —The Dream or The Cock—Prometheus—Icaromenippus or The Sky-man —Timon or The Misanthroi)e—Charon or the Inspector—Philosophies for Sale. Volume III The Dead Come to Life or The Fisherman—The Double Indictment or Trials by Jury—On Sacrifices—The Ignorant Book Collector—The Dream or Lucian's Career—The Parasite—The Lover of Lies—The Judgement of the Goddesses—On Salaried Posts in Great Houses. Volume IV Anacharsis or Athletics—Menippus or The Descent into Hades—On Funerals—A Professor of Public Speaking—Alexander the False Prophet —Essays in Portraiture—Essays in Portraiture Defended—The Goddess of Surrye. Volume V The Passing of Peregrinus—The Runaways—Toxaris or Friendship— The Dance—Lexiphanes—The Eunuch—Astrology—The Mistaken Critic —The Parliament of the Gods—The Tyrannicide—Disowned. Volume VI Historia—Dipsades—Saturnalia—Herodotus—Zeuxis—Pro Lapsu— Apologia—Harmonides—Hesiodus— Scytha — Hermotimus — Promethus Es—Navigium. Volume VII Dialogues of the Dead—Dialogues of the Sea—Gods—Dialogues of the Gods (exc. Deorum Judicium cf. Vol. Ill)—Dialogues of the Courtesans. Volume VIII Soloecista—Lucius or the Ass—Amores—Halcyon—Demosthenes— Podagra—Ocypus—Cyniscus—Philopatris—Charidemus—Nero. vi THE WORKS OF LUCIAN THE DEAD COME TO LIFE, OR THE FISHERMAN This is Lucian's reply to the storm of angry protest which he had evoked from the schoolmen with his Philosophies for Sale (II. 450 ff.)> wherein, to their mind, he had unwarrant- ably and outrageously ridiculed the ancient philosophers and their doctrines. ^_ The scene is in Athens. The dead who have come to life are the ancient philosophers, bent upon wreaking vengeance on Frankness, which is Lucian's alias here. Eventually conceded a formal trial before Philosophy, he is acquitted on the plea that his ridicule had not been aimed at the ancient worthies but at their unworthy successors of his own time. As these impostors cannot be induced to stand trial, Frankness is empowered to go about and brand them, so that people can tell them from the genuine philoso- phers. Before departing on his mission, he fishes up, with a bait of figs and gold, typical representatives of the chief schools for the inspection of their founders. Lucian's plea is specious, for in Philosophies for Sale he had certainly sliown scant regard for those whom he now professes to hold in such high esteem. But it is not meant it is to be taken seriously ; put forward with a wink at the audience for the sake of turning the tables on his critics. His new-found deference, moreover, is well seasoned with irony, and quite offset by the pose of urbane and patronizing superiority which he assumes in feigned unconsciousness. The piece is almost all persiflage, and maddeningly un- answerable for that reason. The dialogue is strikingly like an Aristophanic comedy in its construction, especially in the fact that it has a clearly marked second part, somewhat loosely attached to the first, which develops a series of incidents after the plot has been worked out. Because of this similarity, and for many other reasons too, none of Lucian's writings better serves to intro- duce and illustrate the Double Indictment, Avhich follows it. ANABI0TNTE2 H AAIETS^ SnKPATHS 1 BaX,X,6 fidWe rov Kardparov dcf)66vot<i Tot9 Xt- OoL<i' eTTL^aWe tcov ^coXcov irpoaeTri^aWe kuI Twv ocrrpdKcov' irale rolfj ^vXot,^ top dXLTTjpiov 6 pa fxr) Biacfivyr}' koI av ^dXXe, o) UXdrcov koI au, 0) y^pvaLTTirey koI av he, kol 7rdvre<; a/xa'^ avva(T7rL(Tco/jL€v iiT avTov, Be o)? TT'^pt) 7r7]p7)(f)i,v dprj'yr], ^dxrpa ^dKTpoi<i, K0LV0<; yap irokep^io^, koI ovk ea-riv r}fiS)V ovriva (TV (o et irore oif)(^ v^piKe. Be, Atoyei/e?, koI BiBotcj aXkore, ')(p(o rw ^vXw' firjBe dvfjre' ryv d^iav ^Xda<j)r]fjLO<; iov. tl tovto; KeKp.rjKare, c5 ^KiTLKOvpe KOL ^ApiaTLTTire; Kal firjv ovk e^prfv, Be dvepe^ 6(TT€, <TO(f)oi, fjiv^aaaOe OovptBof; 6pyr]<i. 2 'A/)/o-T0TeXe9, eTna-TrovBaGOV' en Odrrov.^ ev edXcj/cev to w €')(^£L' Orjpiov. elXtjcfya/jLev ae, p,iape. elar) yovv avTLKa ovaTiva<; r}p,d<; 6vTa<i iKaKTjyo- MSS. available in photographs : r, UPN. 1 ANABIOYNTE2 H AAIETS y (and Thomas Magister): AAIEY2 H ANAB10TNTE2 ^. '^ 8e /col irdvres koI Punctuation A. M.H.: koI ah afxa aw. y ; av 54. irdvTes a/x3. aw. §, edd. " Punctuation K. Schwartz : iKiatroihaaov en darrov MSS. THE DEAD COME TO LIFE, OR THE FISHERMAN SOCRATES Pelt, pelt the scoundrel with plenty of stones ! Heap him with clods ! Pile him up with broken dishes, too ! Beat the blackguard with your sticks ! doesn't ! Plato Look out he get away Throw, ; you too at once ! Let's too, Chrysippus ; you ; everybody charge him together. "Let wallet to wallet give succour, and cudgel to ^ cudgel," for he is our joint enemy, and there is not a man of us whom he has not outraged. Diogenes, ply if ever did before let none of your stick, you ; you let him the for his weaken ; pay penalty ribaldry. What is this ? Have you given out, Epicurus and Aristippus } Come, that is too bad ! "Show yourselves men, ye sages, and call up the 2 fury of battle." ! Still faster ! Aristotle, make haste That's well ; the game is bagged. We have you, villain ! you shall soon find out what sort of men you have been 1 Iliad 2, 363 : Kplv^ dvipas Kara <pv\a, Kara (ppiirpas, ^Ayd/jLe/xvov, ws <pp7}Tpr) <pp-i]Tpri(piv api^yri, <pvAa Se (pvXon. ' Iliad 112 *' " 6, ; Homer has friends,"' not sages." THE WORKS OF LUCIAN Se pel*;. T& T/ooTTft) ri<; avrov koI /jLereXOr}; ttolkLXov ^ap Tiva Odvarov iinvocafiev Kar avrov iraaiv r]fjuv e^apKecrai hwdjievov KaB' €Ka(nov yovp CTTTaArt? 8LKai6<; iariv diroXoiXevai, *IA020*02 'E/iot fiev avacTKokoTT Lddrivat Bok€l avrov, AAA05 N^ Ata, /jLaariycoOevra ye irporepov, AAA02 TLo\v irporepov tou? 6cf)0aX/j,ov<; iKKeKoXd(j>6co. AAA05 T^i^ ykSirrav avrrjv ere rroXv irporepov airo- rer^rjcOoa. SriKPATHS Sot he rl, ^Ei/jLireBoKXeLf;, Bok€l; EMnEAOKAHS Et9 rov<; Kparrjpa^; ifiirea-elv avrov, 009 fjidOrj firj XoiBopeladaL rol<i Kpeurroaiv. nAATHN Kal p.r)v dpiarov rjv Kaddirep riva Hevdea rj ^Opcpea XaxiffTov iv irerpaicTLv evpeadav fjLopov, Xva av ro Kal p.epo<i avrov exaaro^ ^X^^ dirrfX- Xdr'Tcro, nAPPH2IAAH5 3 M^r}Ba/JLa)<i* dXXa tt/oo? 'l/cealov (peiaaaOe fiov. THE DEAD COME TO LIFE insulting. But how are we to punish him, to be sure ? Let us invent a complex death for him, such as to us all in fact to die seven satisfy ; he deserves times over for each of us. PHILOSOPHER I suggest he be crucified. ANOTHER Yes, by Heaven ; but flogged beforehand. ANOTHER Let him have his eyes put out long beforehand. ANOTHER Let him have that tongue of his cut off, even longer beforehand. SOCRATES And you, Empedocles—what do you suggest ? EMPEDOCLES That he be thrown into my crater,^ so that he may learn not to abuse his betters. PLATO Indeed, the best suggestion would have been for him, like another Pentheus or Orpheus, " ^ To find among the crags a riven doom," so that each of us might have gone off with a scrap of him. FRANKNESS No, no ! In the name of Him who hears the sup- pliant,^ spare me ! ^ Aetna, into which Empedocles is said to have leapt. 2 Both Pentheus and Orpheus were torn to pieces by Maenads. The verse is from a lost tragedy (Nauck, Tr. Gr. ^ Fragm. p. 895). Zeus. 5 THE WORKS OF LUCIAN HAATflN "Apapev ovK av a(j)e9€Lr]<; en. opa^ he Brj kuI Tov "OfjLTjpov a (j)r](nvy CD? OVK €(TTi Xiovai Kal avBpdcnv opKia iria-Tci. nAPPH5lAAH5 Kat firjv Ka6^ "Ofxr^pov vfia^ koX avTo<i tVe- revao)' alheaea-Qe yap caox; to. eiTTj xal ov rrrapo- yjreaOe payjra)B^a-avrd fie' ^(oypelr ov kukov avBpa kol d^ia Be')(6e UTroiva, T€ ')(^aXfc6v 'X^pvcrov re, rd Brj (fyiXeovai (ro(l>oi irep.