AN ANALYSIS ON FACTORS INFLUENCING ARTHAS’ PERSONALTY DEVELOPMENT IN CHRISTIE GOLDEN’ S ARTHAS-RISE OF THE LICH KING AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degee of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By ST. CRISCI YOHAN S. Student Number: 034214034 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2011 i ii iii Every Light has its shadow Every day has its night And even the brightest candle can be snuffed out (Christie Golden) iv v vi TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………… i APPROVAL PAGE ……………………………………………………….. ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE……………………………………………………. iii MOTTO PAGE…………………………………………………………….. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ………………………………………………. v TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………. vi ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………….. vii ABSTRAK …………………………………………………………………. viii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION………………………………………… 1 A. Background of the Study …………………………………………….. 1 B. Problem Formulation ………………………………………………… 4 C. Objectives of the Study ………………………………………………. 5 D. Definition of Terms …………………………………………………. 5 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW …………………………….. 8 A. Review of Related Studies …………………………………………… 8 B. Review of Related Theories …………………………………………. 11 C. Theoretical Framework …………………………………………….. 29 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ……………………………………… 31 A. Object of the Study …………………………………………………. 31 B. Approach of the Study ……………………………………………… 32 C. Method of the Study ………………………………………………. 33 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ……………………………………………… 36 A. The Characterizations of Arthas Menethil ………………………….. 36 B. The Description of Influencing Factors …………………………….. 48 C. The Influence of the Factors on Arthas’ Personality Development … 53 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION …………………………………………… 58 BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………. 61 APPENDICES …………………………………………………………… 63 A. Novel’s Summary …………………………………………………… 63 B. Author’s Biography …………………………………………………. 65 vii ABSTRACT St. Crisci Yohan S. (2010). The Influence of Other Elements toward Arthas’ Personality Development in Christie Golden’s Arthas-Rise of the Lich King. Yogyakarta. Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. This thesis discusses the development of Arthas’ personality in Christie Golden’s Arthas-Rise of the Lich King. The reason for writing this thesis is derived from my curiosity to know about Arthas’ personality development. Based on the story, Arthas’ personality develops by several influences from other elements. In this case, the elements refer to the situation of setting where Arthas lives, the condition of the people, his ambition and despair, and also his friends and enemies. There are three problems I want to answer in this thesis. Firstly, I want to know what kind of character Arthas is. Secondly, I want to find some influence factors that support Arthas’ personality development. Thirdly, I want to explain how these elements can influence Arthas’s personality development. I use psychological approach to solve those problem formulations above. In order to achieve the aims of the study, the method which is employed here is divided into two, primary and secondary source. The primary source of this study is taken from the novel itself, Arthas-Rise of the Lich King. I use this book to collect the evidences and finding quotations. Meanwhile, the secondary sources are obtained from library research and internet. The library research helps me to get the data related to my thesis, and I also use internet to find more information. The study concludes that Arthas, the main character in this novel, indeed undergoes changes in his personality during the course of the story. The elements in his surroundings have a great role in shaping Arthas’ personality. They have changed the main protagonist into antagonist character. In the end of the story, Arthas finally gets an understanding about how he should face the reality through his own way. viii ABSTRAK St. Crisci Yohan S. (2010). The Influence of Other Elements toward Arthas’ Personality Development in Christie Golden’s Arthas-Rise of the Lich King. Yogyakarta. Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. Tesis ini membahas perubahan kepribadian Arthas dalam novel Arthas-Rise of the Lich King karya Christie Golden. Alasan mengapa menganalisis tesis ini adalah karena keingintahuan saya untuk mengetahui perubahan kepribadian Arthas. Berdasarkan cerita, kepribadian Arthas berubah disebabkan oleh pengaruh- pengaruh dari luar. Dalam masalah ini, pengaruh-pengaruh yang dimaksud adalah situasi dari latar cerita dimana Arthas tinggal, kondisi rakyatnya, ambisi and keputusasaannya, dan juga teman-temannya, serta musuh-musuhnya. Ada tiga hal yang akan saya selesaikan dalam tesis ini. Pertama, saya ingin mengetahui orang seperti apa Arthas itu. Kedua, saya mencoba menemukan pengaruh-pengaruh yang mendukung perubahan sifat Arthas. Ketiga, saya akan menjelaskan bagaimana pengaruh-pengaruh tersebut dapat merubah kepribadian Arthas. Saya menggunakan pendekatan psikologi untuk menyelesaikan masalah- masalah diatas. Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan penelitian, metode yang digunakan disini dibagi menjadi dua, sumber utama dan sumber pendukung. Sumber utama diambil dari novel itu sendiri, saya mengunakan buku tersebut untuk mengumpulkan bukti- bukti dan menemukan kutipan-kutipan. Sementara sumber pendukung didapat dari pencarian di perpustakaan dan internet. Pencarian di perpustakaan membantu saya mendapat data yang berhubungan dengan tesis saya, dan pencarian di internet untuk menemukan informasi-informasi pendukung lainnya. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukan bahwa Arthas, tokoh utama dalam novel ini berubah kepribadiannya selama perjalanan cerita. Pengaruh-pengaruh di sekelilingnya mempunyai peranan penting dalam membentuk kepribadian Arthas; pengaruh-pengaruh tersebut telah merubah tokoh utama menjadi tokoh jahat. Di akhir cerita, Arthas akhirnya mengetahui bagaimana seharusnya dia menghadapi semua masalah-masalahnya dengan caranya sendiri. ix 1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the study Reading a literary work is one of the good ways in enriching our experiences. There are many kinds of literary work, and the novel is one of them. Through a novel we can get many things that are useful for our life. It is because a novel actually talks about life in the world around us. Sometimes, the author of the novel wants to describe the characters of their stories just like real human being in real life. According to De Laar, The characters in the novel may be similar to the actual human beings because they are like people we meet in our daily life (1963: 166). They draw people complete with their characteristic, thought, emotion, and so on. Therefore, trough the people in the novel called the characters we may learn how to solve many problems that happen in our society. Arthas-Rise of the Lich King is categorized as a fiction story. The word “fiction” implies imagination or feigned. Characters in fiction are created as if they are a real human being. E. M. Foster said that the actors in a story are “pretended to be human being” (1974:30). The quotation shows us that characters or actors in fiction are made to perform qualities of human being with man’s complex problems, just like in real world. The human qualities and the complex problems by 1 2 the main character have capture readers’ interest when they are reading a novel. Beside, humans being are dynamic. Their personality develops along with the real time of life. The development never ends and always continually happens. The human personality is continually changing, and then no social event is likely to be and end or climax to that change (Henkle, 1977:36). As a fiction, every name, character, place, and incident in the novel are products of the author’s imagination or are used fictitiously. Therefore, all of the elements within this book must be explained to the readers. One of those important elements is setting. The setting is one of the intrinsic elements that can influence the character's personality. De Laar says that whenever a novelist makes the story happen somewhere, he must set the environment because it is as important as the characters themselves and the characters are determined and shape by the environment (1963:172-173). Depend on Murphy, "setting of the novel has a great effect upon the personalities, actions, and way of thinking of the characters" (1972:141). It is means that the setting of the novel is important in affecting actions and characters. Not only that, the setting will be presented to know what kind of place in the story is and it also help to reader to describe what kind of 'world' in that novel. Christie Golden is a novelist who has written many novels and several short stories in the field of fiction and fantasy. Award-winning author Christie Golden has written over thirty novels and several short 3 stories in the fields of science fiction, fantasy and horror (p.309). Some of her novels are based from movie and game such as Star Craft, Twilight, On Fire’s Wings, In Stone’s Claps, Star Wars, Under Sea’s Shadow, Star Trek, World of Warcraft, and many more. Among those several novels, I interest in World of Warcraft: Arthas-Rise of the Lich King because its protagonist is unique. He does everything to achieve his goal, even by become a villain. As explained by Euripedes in Critical QQ: The Review “Overall, it’s the story of a selfish, somewhat spoiled prince (who may or may not have a deep desire for power) trying to be the good guy,