2013 978-3-200-03394-8 figures.data.indicators 2013 figures.data.indicators www.statistik.at www.bmi.gv.at www.integration.eu www.integrationsfonds.at www.oeaw.ac.at/kmi www.gfk.at figures.data.indicators 2013 Compiled by STATISTIK AUSTRIA Kommission für Migrations- und Integrationsforschung der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Vienna 2013 This project is being co-financed by the European Integration Fund and the Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI). Foreword Austria is a country with a widely diverse The statistical yearbook makes a significant contribution towards The integration of migrants in Austria is a Representing integration processes through cultural and historic heritage. This diversity making this debate on integration more objective and is an inte- central requirement for the successful fu- statistics is a major challenge. Following is also reflected within our society. In order gral component of the Integration Report 2013. The information ture of Austria. In order that integration can up the work undertaken by Statistik Austria to make the positive effects and challenges provided here is not just relevant to the general discussion on succeed, the commitment of the migrants in preparing the statistical yearbooks on of this diversity visible and apparent, the integration policies, but is also important to the day-to-day as well as objective information from the “migration & integration”, the Austrian annual statistical yearbook on migration activities of the State Secretariat for Integration. receiving society about the opportunities and National Action Plan “Integration” defined and integration is published. Integration represents both an opportunity and a challenge. If we challenges of migration and integration are a frame of 25 statistical indicators. Us- Even after more than two years since the further develop a fact-based, positive outlook with regard to in- required. ing readily available information, Statistics establishment of the Austrian State Secretariat for Integration, tegration, then this will mean that we will be able to unlock the The “migration & integration” statistical yearbook makes a valuable Austria has brought indicators to life. To this end, it was neces- the topic of integration is still sometimes treated in a very one potential of everyone – with and without a migration background contribution to the fact-oriented discussion on migration and integra- sary to combine and concentrate available data on one particular sided way. But the reality of life shows just how complex the is- – to the benefit of Austria as a whole. A migration and integration tion. Integration indicators with a scientific basis illustrate develop- population group, namely on immigrants and their descendants sue of integration actually is. In order to contribute to a multilevel, policy managed according to the needs of Austria requires a ments in the integration sector and can provide information on the in Austria. Owing to the use of various sources as well as the dispassionate debate, we need to put emotional disputes to one well-grounded monitoring system, which exists in an updated success of integration measures. enrichment of existing data, it has been possible to generate sig- side and concentrate on the facts, so that we can make an honest form here in the statistical yearbook. Therefore, the statistical yearbook also forms an important basis for nificant information covering all statistical fields. Statistics Austria appraisal of the challenges represented by integration policies. the work of the Austrian Integration Fund and enables us to develop once again met this challenge and has now produced, for the target-oriented service and support programmes for migrants, and fourth time in this form, an integration indicator report. It aims at professionally support their integration process from the very begin- presenting to the interested public objective information on a con- ning. Because: Only if we consciously perceive and promote the po- temporary issue, while at the same time supporting politics and tential of migrants can we write a success story for Austria together. public administration in taking fact-based decisions. Sebastian Kurz State Secretary for Integration Franz Wolf-Maier Dr. Konrad Pesendorfer Director of the Austrian Integration Fund General Director of Statistics STATISTICS AUSTRIA Contents Integration in outline 06 Population 20 Immigration and emigration 32 Language and education 40 Work and employment 50 Health and social issues 62 Security 70 Housing and regional distribution 74 Identification 80 Subjective views of integration 86 The Austrian federal states in overview 100 Glossary 112 Imprint 119 Integration in outline 6 Demographic parameters As part of the National Action Plan for Integration, specific inte- followed by nationals from Romania and Hungary (almost 13,400 Iran (761), Algeria (575), Iraq (491), Somalia (481), India (401), and 35.1 years of age. However, within the population with foreign gration indicators have been defined in order to make it possible and 13,100), Poland (7,100) and Slovakia (almost 6,000). About Nigeria (400). In comparison with other EU countries, Austria was origin, the age structure was extremely heterogeneous. People to evaluate the various dimensions of the integration process 48,400 immigrants in 2012 (35% of all immigrants to Austria) came in sixth place with regard to the absolute numbers of asylum appli- from the EU tended to be older than the overall population, while within Austria and to monitor this process over the long term. from third countries. Of those some 15,500 immigrants came from cations received in 2012. However, per capita, Austria was in fourth immigrants from third countries were considerably younger. With the help of the 25 specified integration indicators ( 1 – 25 ) former Yugoslavia, while the number of immigrants from Turkey at place (after Malta, Luxembourg, Sweden and Belgium). – in particular, the five core indicators (see page 15) – and tak- 4,100 people was rather small. About 28,900 people migrated from Birth rate ing into account demographic parameters and subjective views, other third countries. the current status of immigration and integration in Austria in Increase in the size of the immigrant population • In 2012, there were 78,952 children born, while 79,436 people 2012/2013 and the main changes that have occurred here since • The positive migration balance of around +43,800 people in 2012 died. The natural population change (the difference between live the previous year can be summarised as follows: exceeded that of 2011 by 42.6%. The biggest contribution to this • At the beginning of 2013, there were 1,004 million foreign citizens births and deaths) was thus slightly negative at -484 cases. There came from Hungary with a positive balance of +6,600, followed by resident in Austria (11.9% of the population), an increase of about were, however, considerable differences with regard to the birth Germany (+6,200), Romania (+5,400), Poland (+3,400) and Slova- 52,800 people compared to the beginning of 2012. This increase rates among national groups in Austria. The non-Austrian population kia (+2,400). The migration balance was also positive in the case of is the result of of 51,200 for foreign citizens and a birth surplus of recorded a birth surplus of 9,924 people, while the Austrian popu- Immigration increases citizens of former Yugoslavia (almost +5,000) and other third coun- 9,900 (over deaths) – despite a slightly increased number of natu- lation displayed a death surplus of 10,408 people. 8 tries (+13,600) as well as Turkey, albeit with a low migration gain ralisations (7,043 cases). In 2012 in Austria, there were some 1,579 9 • In 2012, more than 140,400 people immigrated to Austria while of just +900. The significance of the countries having acceded to million people living with a migration background (18.9% of the pop- • Women living in Austria on average gave birth to 1.44 children in nearly 96,600 people left the country. This resulted in a migration the EU in 2004 and 2007 – particularly Hungary, Poland, Slovakia ulation). They were made up of about 1,167 million people having 2012 (2011: 1.43). Austrian women had an average of 1.34 chil- balance of around 43,800 people. In comparison with 2011, the and Romania – as countries of origin for net migration to Austria is been born abroad forming the “first migration generation”, while dren, while women of foreign origin had an average of 1.82 children percentage of people leaving Austria rose by 2.8% while the per- still high, as well as that of other third countries. However, the pos- the remaining 412,200 individuals were born in Austria as the chil- (women from Turkey: 2.08 children, women from former Yugoslavia: centage of immigrants entering Austria increased by 12.6%. This itive migration balance of Austria with Germany declined slightly. dren of foreign-born and belonged to the “second generation” of 1.94 children). Foreign-born women with Austrian citizenship drew meant that migration gains (due to the low reference value) also Net migration losses again acurred, as in previous years, for Aus- immigrants). closer to the average fertility rate and had 1.45 children, considerably grew by 42.6%. This augmentation can be attributed to the rel- trian citizens. In 2012, almost 22,200 Austrian citizens emigrated fewer than women retaining foreign citizenship (1.95). The average atively positive economic situation in Austria and the associated abroad but only 14,800 returned to Austria. • If disaggregated by citizenship, Germans form by far the largest age of mothers at birth to their first child was 29.1 years in 2012 rise in demand for labour, a higher number of students at Austria’s group of migrants. On 1 January 2013, about 157,800 German for native Austrians and 27.2 years for women of foreign origin.