FIFTH ALL INDIA EDUCATIONAL SURVEY DISTRICT REPORT SALEM 1988 D07532 F IF T E I!::OTJC.V^:IOy: :.L SlIKVEY . DISTRIC!r RBrORl! SAIJ5M DISTRICT. IKcUhM-TIQE IN DISTE-J2 . I. ^OCATIOK: The Distri : in: o j u : ec: by Lh'^rmn :,ri iiatrlct ir the .North, by Tiruchir-ppalli District in the South, by So^^th^iircot and North Ar*ot Districts in the East and! Periy.-or District ir: the V/est. II.^E E R i'L FEi^TURES ; Th^' 3rea of S.-^leva Disxrict is -bout $630 Sq.Knis with a^opulatiori of 34.42 I'.Tkbs :,s per 1981 C e n s u s . More than- T0 > 0% the yopulntioi: is in rur -,1 :ire-c. The Scheduled fiaste and Scheduled Tri'uc , pDpul.ati-'>n .i.rt about 4 .8 l "k h s ai'iu 0 , 94 lakhs respv;ctivc.ly. Th^rc --re 8 M u n ic ip ^^litie s and 2 Townships in the District. There art- 972 Rev:, nue Yillr,.ges corfifrl'sed in 35 Panch.'’y?t Unions, in 72 Rtvenut; firko.s, ii: 9 T 3.1uks witblin four Revenue Divisions. There are 729 Villaji'e Panchsyats and 56 Tov/n Panchayn-ts. The principal Town in the District is Salem Tov;n vith populftinn of 3.61 lakhs as per 1981 C en su s. a) The Shevaroys Hills Vvith n:n ar^a of 160 Sq.Kms with a height of 4 0 0 0 ‘ to 5342' above IISL h-s the greatest length of 2 7 . 2KffiS. and the greatest width of 1 9. 2 . Kuis. The Shervnroyan is the highest peak in Ytrcqud at 5 342' a---ove I'ibT.. 4 . 2 . NIEPA DC D07532 / i / ‘ b. The.Kolli Kills spread over in tw taluks via. Kamakkal and' Ras-ipuram, each having 6 Nadus. i'he hill measurin,^ about 28*8 Kms froni' Korth to South and’ about 19.22« Kms Eaet tb ^est with a height of 4000' above MSL. PE OPIE ; The people prcseDij -vary in culture but the most domlna: is the culture of ^ongunadd found chiefly in t..j Sou the, «n Taluks* The bulk of the Scheduled Tribe people belongs to Malayalees. AGRICULTURE; About 70% of the ..population .jejisend solely on agriculture. The method of cultivation of the different types of lapds, dry garden or vjet lands are almost the same as those practised in other parts of South India. Most of the available lands in th District ar« driy.^ In the ^dry lards, the crops 'ar’e generally rainfed-. Irrigation in ..-ardeni lands ic mostly by of tanks supplement>_d by \vC.lls or w ells alone. MUSTRIES; . ^^mong the oldest inaustriec in ohe district, H^,ndloorr; . .. • weaving is by far the lar/gest. There are roughly,. 1.51 Hakhs of Hand looms in Salei^ Districx and 1 'i?734 porc r lo o?r.= .luk?^ ■where there is concertre.tion of handioom -weavers ,%re -eni; Rasipuram, Omalur and Tiruch.ngode Taluks. There are five leading Spinning, Mil Is in thie D istrict. In Salem Taluk, there are three niajor I.ining ?irms engaged in the mining of Magnesites. .tute of -iiiooal ■!g ;>ad Admir, “ion. /*Bi Sri Aurc'bindo Mu-j, ' Delbi-J ^ ryp^G, No.. , ... .......... J ii, - .n- .. h ! MAGKESriE " . ,; Deposits of Massesite-"In Salem occur in' its natural form* Magnesite _ie a Carbonate-. of Ma^esium.- This is used for making Refractory bricks used I\imaccG in which steel is melted* Kangriesite bricks-are increasingly used for roofs and-for general structural purposes replacing tl.e Sillica bricks . BAUXIOE The total reserves of bauxite minerals is estimated at 6*00 lakhs tonnes in Salem D is tr ic t. The-Bauxite deposit occur mostly in Shevaroys H ills . Good grade LBIESTOKE deposits are found in Tiruchengod Namakkal and Sankari Taluks. SAJJiH STEEL PLaMT; A Steel Plant in l.’alem was a long Cherished dream and the Goirsrnment i^cided to set up a Steel i'lant at Salem in April 1970. On the basis of the detailed r. port given by M/s. Dastur & Co (I) Ltd., Calcutta, the Government of India decided and announced the decision to go ahead T,>ith the first stage of the Project form nianufaoturc of 32000 tonnes of cold rolled stainless steel strips and as scheduled the work was completed in a record period of 54 months and th/j production commenced on 1 3 .9.1 981. SAGO SERVE ; In Salem District, large area is bei:ag cultivated by tapioca. There are 600 units in Salem District rcanufactu- ring Sago ana Starch from Tapioca roots. Sago is ar edible product while starch is an industrial product. During 1945-46* the first Sago Manufacturing unit started in Sal] Since. then there has occii hnormouG growth of Sago’'an4 Starch, Industry in Salem L is t r ic t . G0QH;.^T.IVE SPIKI^IFG Mill The Salem District Coopcrative Spinnir.-' liillf? n S was started in the year 1961 . It has a spindlage of 4S',i;50. y am produced is primarily sold to weavers cooperative societi on a priority basis. The yarn produced is said to be of top quality. G QOEE rat ive SUGAR M ILL . The Salem District Cooperative Sugar Mills is located at Mohanur in Namakka.l Taluk. ;1. 2 FIFTH a l l INDIA B.DUG;;;?IDNAL SUR^Y 'All India Sduoat ional Surveysj' roui g'O ‘far, were conducted with, the min objective'of identification of ru habitations and the provigich of edac::.;,tional facilities for them at different stagtie. The;-e surx’-eys also atccmpted to collect information on iJh^-sioal and ether faciJ.v ties av-liable in schools x<hich might directly or inairectly in tha qualitative improvement and provide a basis for educational policy makers, planners and administrators. This-is clearly brought out in the l-lational Policy on Education 'l986 and the ‘ Programme of Action' alrc-^ady approved by the Parliament. Programme of action' has spelled out f’ne implications of ’ Operation Blackboard' in clear terms and stiicfulated minimum requirements of a school for an efficient and effective working. As a first "step it h:,.s re commencieci thait an All Inr'ia Educational Survey be conducted thus enabling a complete stock taking of the conditions obtaindng in Schools on date.. Consequently, the Fifth A ll India Sducational Survey conducted. To prepare the Survey an Officer in the rank of District Educational Officer was appointed at Distric Head Quarters and he is,;attachc^d to the X)ffioe of the Chief Educational Officer. .He r.as, given ibraining to ■ the Collection of information and carcpiling them. The Distric Educational Survey Officer conducted..a .training course to the Deputy Ins?eciBcii?j of Scn.ools^ were entrusted with the tesk of preparing the consolidated Taple jat Block level. The objectives of this survey, are? i)To assess the Present position of educational facilities at various school stages, in respect of coverage of school going population; the distance to be covered by a c’aild to reach the school; enrolment in general, and of scheduled castc and scheduled tribe children and girls in particule.r. ' . / 6 / ii) To assess the availability of phgrslcal facilities T ike school huildiJigB; pi-ygi-ourjcls drinking w.ter withjj. the school, furniture, medical check up, other Cw^uipm i. incentive soheaiBs and the number of beneficiaries. iii) To assess the position of inputs like blackboard ar:,. chalk, library, laboratory, book banks, etc. iv) To know about the aoadeiaic and professional qualifIcatiorl of working teahhers with special reference to teaching of science and mathema,tics, and to determine attrition rates In the teaching profession. v) To prepare block maps showing habitations^ existing education facilities, and proposed provision of facilities in a planned manner over a period of time. To fulfill the objectives information was collected through the following questioners. 1-« School Inforn. \tion i'orm 2. Village Information ?orm Urban information Form. These form were distributed to the Reads of , . , - j Institutions and the Se puty Inspectors of Scaools, who are inspecting Officers at Block level. They have been requested to f i l l in the particulars and the Deputy Inc pec tors of Schools prepared Block Tables based on the information collect.-d through the three types of Formas. Based on the Block Tables the District Baport is prepared. CHAPTER II - PRXHifl^Y EUUC.ATION Regardiiig primary educational fa c ilities, out of a totaJL Ol 3037 habitations, I 8O7 (ne;ariiy 60^) habitations hcive primary schools within the habitation. 8 6 .7 0 percent of the •• » population get this benefit; 950 habitations liev% primary- schools within a distance of 1 k.tri. Only I 46 habitations h'-v5.n'g a ;)OX)ula-'- tion of 38Q28 have schools v/ithin a distance betv/een 1.6 an 2.0 In 47 habitation primary schools 3.re located at a distance of more than 2 k,m. But the population of these habitation comprise only t,49 percent. Eiren in these habitations the population is below 1 QQ^, A major portion of the habitations are situatao in Kolli Hills Block, pred ominently settleo\by Scheduled Tribes called ’’Malayajees". In Paramathi Block there are 3 habitation having a population q £ mgre than 2000 but below 500#, where in two habitations schools are located within a distance 1 k.m, in the third at a distance of within'2 k.m. Regarding the provision of Primcory education in 136 ha,bitations with a population of 73808, primary schools have been proposed at the rate of 1 for each habitation.