Neuropsychiatric Electrophysiology 2016, 2(Suppl 1):8 DOI 10.1186/s40810-016-0021-4 MEETINGABSTRACTS Open Access 19th biennial IPEG Meeting Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 26-30 October 2016 Published: 29 November 2016 Training course measures. This will be illustrated by means of pertinent examples. These include elucidating the mechanisms of stimulant action re- A1 mediating deficient impulse control and the role of the cannabinoid Thalamocortical sleep oscillations system in human working memory, as well as drug effects on Igor Timofeev1,2 sensory gating and specific aspects of visual-spatial attention. Other 1Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, examples concern the added sensitivity of EEG and ERP measures, Canada; 2Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire en santé mentale relative to that of performance measures, in detecting effects of alco- de Québec (CRIUSMQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada hol, and more generally in monitoring and predicting vigilance and Neuropsychiatric Electrophysiology 2016, 2(Suppl 1):A1 the ability to detect external signals in the immediate future. Rela- tions between brain signals and cognitive competences are revealed In waking and sleeping states, thalamocortical system generates a by either comparing different individuals, or moment-to-moment variety of oscillations ranging from 0.1 Hz to hundreds of Hz. Most of fluctuations within individuals, or differences in state (e.g., drug- them are present during NREM sleep, but slower activities prevail in induced) within individuals. this state of vigilance. Thalamocortical network is organized in a loop in which thalamocortical cells excite reticular thalamic and neocor- tical cells, reticular thalamic cells inhibit thalamocortical cells and A3 corticothalamic cells excite thalamocortical and reticular thalamic EEG and ERP as key techniques for functional brain alterations cells. Despite stable anatomical connectivity, different types of oscil- studies lations preferentially originate either in neocortex or in thalamus. P. F. Fabene During sleep stage 2, spindle oscillation (9–15 Hz) is a dominant type Department Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, School of of activity. It is well accepted that spindles originate in the thalamus Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy via interplay of firing of reticular thalamic and thalamocortical Neuropsychiatric Electrophysiology 2016, 2(Suppl 1):A3 neurons, but neocortex controls spindle generation. Spindles can be divided on fast and slow. Several properties of slow spindles do not Behavioral studies in rodents are basically based on inferring cognitive match known mechanisms of their thalamic origin. processes out of locomotor activity. In other words, we evaluate mem- Slow oscillation (about 1 Hz) dominates slow-wave sleep stage. Each ory processes during Morris water maze, or Novel object recognition slow wave is composed of hyperpolarized or silent and depolarized based on the time spent of the given subject in close proximity of an and active state. Active states may be accompanied by spindles and item, platform, or the time required to reach or leave an area of the higher frequency activities. Slow waves originate mainly in deep cage/maze. By the mean of automatic scoring systems (e.g.: Ethovision, cortical layers from which they propagate to more superficial layers AniMaze, etc.) we are provided by objective measurements, which and they also propagate horizontally. Full expression of slow wave should be in any case interpreted by the researcher. There is always a activities requires the presence of thalamus, although slow oscillation lack of direct measurement of the cognitive processes. Integration of can be recorded in athalamic preparations. behavioural scoring with electrical activity evaluation of different areas Therefore, despite the fact of preferential origin of different sleep involved in cognitive processing can be a useful tool, to provide oscillations in either neocortex or in thalamus, only the full thalamo- scientists further parameter helpful in data interpretation. We will thus ’ cortical network can generate sleep activities with known properties. discuss the integration of EEG analysis in Alzheimersmildcognitive Support: CIHR and NSERC. impairment and acoustic ERPs in AD and epilepsy. A4 A2 Targeting EEG network oscillations: translational opportunities for Electropsychopharmacology: applying EEG and ERP to drug discovery science in psychiatric and neurodegenerative psychopharmacology disorders Leon Kenemans A. Ahnaou ([email protected]) Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Department of Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Netherlands Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV. Turnhoutseweg Neuropsychiatric Electrophysiology 2016, 2(Suppl 1):A2 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium Neuropsychiatric Electrophysiology 2016, 2(Suppl 1):A4 Electroencephalography (EEG), in particular event-related or evoked potentials (ERPs), as well as their magnetic counterparts, can yield Despite decades of research in psychiatric and neurodegenerative useful supplementary information when interpreting effects of psy- disorders, the attrition rate in clinical trials and late-stage drug dis- choactive substances on behavior. They can be used to elucidate the covery programs for the development of novel agents for disease neurocognitive mechanisms that underlie pharmacological modula- interception has been unacceptably high. The major issue facing tion of behavior, or they may provide additional sensitivity to detect neuroscience drug discovery is that drugs that show good effectivity neurocognitive effects that are not readily observable in behavioral in preclinical models often fail to meet clinical trials endpoints. The © The Author(s). 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Neuropsychiatric Electrophysiology 2016, 2(Suppl 1):8 Page 2 of 34 limitations of the traditional animal-based assays prompted a resur- efficacy of stimulant medication, limited efficacy of antidepressant medica- gence of interest in rethinking animal models and their predictability tions and overall limited efficacy of behavioral interventions on the group and translational validity in translational neuroscience. Better transla- level. It hence becomes obvious there is a need for a re-conceptualization tion of a biomarker and endophenotype of the disease might rapidly of psychiatric disorders along the lines of NIMH proposed Research Do- provide information regarding the effects of drugs on the underlying main Criteria (RDoC) or referred to as biomarkers or personalized medicine. disease biology, bridge the translational gap and potentially lower the Personalized Medicine aims to prescribe the right treatment, for the right rate of clinical trial attrition. An increasing number of experimental and person at the right time as opposed to the currently employed ‘one-size- clinical observations suggest that those chronic brain disorders arise fits-all’ approach. This development relies on identification of subgroups from structural alterations in neuronal circuits, and therefore focus has using biomarkers. been shifted towards investigation of electrophysiological correlates of This presentation will summarize the current status of EEG based the molecular pathology, with emphasis on neural oscillations and con- personalized medicine and present new results from large bio- nectivity as promising candidate biomarkers of neuronal disorders. marker studies in depression and ADHD focused on resting-state State-of-the-art examples of pharmacological studies modeling EEG. Several results from the iSPOT study (international Study to abnormal network oscillations and disturbed connectivity of several Predict Optimized Treatment) in Depression and ADHD will be CNS disorders will be discussed. presented [1,2,3,4,5]. In iSPOT-D, 1008 depressed patients are ran- domized to Escitalopram, Sertraline or Venlafaxine and in iSPOT-A 336 ADHD patients are prescribed with methylphenidate and A5 patients were assessed at baseline on resting-state EEG and other Source localization using LORETA software measures. Several promising biomarkers that can predict treat- Sebastian Olbrich ([email protected]) ment response and remission using baseline biomarkers will be Department for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, University presented and the importance of gender differences will be of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland discussed in more detail. Neuropsychiatric Electrophysiology 2016, 2(Suppl 1):A5 References The training course will be dedicated to the usage of LORETA soft- 1. Arns, M., Bruder, G., Hegerl, U., Spooner, C., Palmer, D. M., Etkin, A., . ware for localization of neuronal sources of EEG activity. After a brief Gordon, E. (2015a). EEG alpha asymmetry as a gender-specific predictor introduction into the underlying physiology and theoretical assump- of outcome to acute treatment with different