Neighboring Risk District Layyah Hazard, Vulnerability and Development Profile Neighboring Risk: An Alternative Approach to Understanding and Responding to Hazards and Vulnerability in Pakistan Published by: Rural Development Policy Institute (RDPI), Islamabad Copyright © 2010 Rural Development Policy Institute Office 6, Ramzan Plaza, G 9 Markaz, Islamabad, Pakistan Phone: +92 51 285 6623, +92 51 285 4523 Fax: +92 51 285 4783 URL: www.rdpi.org.pk This publication is produced by RDPI with financial support from Plan Pakistan. Citation is encouraged. Reproduction of this publication for educational and other non- commercial purpose is authorized without prior written permission from RDPI, provided the source is fully acknowledged.Production, resale or other commercial purposes are prohibited without prior written permission from RDPI, Islamabad, Pakistan. The contents of this document or the opinions expressed may not necessarily constitute an endorsement by Plan Pakistan. Citation: Neighboring Risk, RDPI, Islamabad, 2010 ISBN: 978-969-9041-02-0 Authored by: Abdul Shakoor Sindhu Research Team: Beenish Kulsoom, Saqib Shehzad, Tariq Chishti, Tailal Masood, Gulzar Habib, Abida Nasren, Qaswer Abbas Text Editing: Masood Alam Cover & Layout Design: Abdul Shakoor Sindhu Photos: Abdul Shakoor Sindhu, Saqib Shehzad, Beenish Kulsoom, Tariq Chishti, Asif Khattak Printed by: Pictorial Printers (Pvt) Ltd. 21, I & T Centre, G-6/1, Aabpara, Islamabad, Pakistan Phone: +92 51 2822692 Available from: Rural Development Policy Institute Office 6, Ramzan Plaza, G-9 Markaz, Islamabad, Pakistan Phone: +92 51 285 6623, +92 51 285 4523 Fax: +92 51 285 4783 Website: www.rdpi.org.pk Be a part of it Rural Development Policy Institute (RDPI) is a civil 'Plan' is an international organization working in initiative aimed to stimulate public dialogue on policies, Pakistan since 1997. Plan's activities focus on safe inform public action, and activate social regrouping to motherhood and child survival, children's access to celebrate capacities and address vulnerabilities of quality education, water and sanitation, community resource-poor rural communities in Pakistan. RDPI capacity building, income generation and child undertakes research, planning, advocacy and rights. Plan works in partnership with first and demonstration of pilot projects in the key thematic areas foremost with children, their families and of Disaster Risk Management, Environment, Adaptation to communities but also with government Climate Change, Sustainable Livelihoods, Appropriate departments/ agencies and other developmental Technologies, Local Governance, Community Media, and organizations in addressing the key issues impacting Basic Education. children in Pakistan. www.rdpi.org.pk www.plan-international.org Neighboring Risk Research Team Abdul Shakoor Sindhu Saqib Shehzad Research Team Leader and Author Tailal Masood Almas Saleem LAYYAH DISTRICT PROFILE N Source: Layyah District Census Report 1998 LAYYAH DISTRICT PROFILE Variable Value Area and Administrative Divisions E Area 6291 sq.km 3 Number and name of Tehsils Layyah, Karor Lal Easan and C Chobara Number of Union Councils 44 Number of Mauzas 720 N Climate and Land use Average annual rainfall Less than 125mm A Percentage of area under forest cover 0.63% Percentage of cultivated area 75% L Percentage of uncultivated area 24.5% (including forests) Demography Estimate Population (2006) 13,73,000 G Estimated Population Growth rate (1998-2006) 2.57% % increase in population (1981-2006) 106% Male-female ratio (Census1998) 107 T Proportion of urban population 13% Proportion of children population less than 10 years 32.3% (Census 1998) A Proportion of population less than 18 years (Census 1998) 51.4% Housing Housing units having pacca structure (in terms of walls) 62.5% T Proportion of housing units comprising of one room 19.5% Proportion of housing units without any toilet facility 48% Proportion of housing units without electricity 18% C Percentage of households using biomass fuels for cooking 98% I and heating Proportion of households with piped water supply 8% Education and Literacy R Both Sexes: 50% Adult literacy (among population 15 years and older) Male: 68% Female:31% T Health Percentage of Children (12-23 month) yet to be fully 11% immunized S Percentage of pregnant women receiving tetanus toxoid 45% injection I Percentage of deliveries taking place at home 93% Percentage of women having access to prenatal and Prenatal: 51% postnatal care from a formal health facility Postnatal: 25% D 1 LAYYAH DISTRICT PROFILE GG RankingCriteria Rank NN Most Deprived District (Overall Provincial Rank Order) out of 34 II Districts for Punjab KK 1: Least Deprived and 34: Most Deprived 31 NN Source: Jamal et al, Mapping the Spatial Deprivation of Pakistan, SPDC AA Districts Falling in the List of Ten MostDeprived Districts RR 1:Most Deprived etc 9 YY Source : SPDC, 1998 Ranking of Districts on the basis of Z-Sum Technique out of 97 TT II Districts of Pakistan 39 LL (CRPRID, 2005), Akhtarand Sarwar, Social Development and II Quality of Living in Districts of Pakistan, 2007 BB Ranking of the Districts on the basis of WFS Technique (CRPRID, 2005), out of 97 Districts AA 29 Akhtar and Sarwar, Social Development and Quality of Living in RR Districts of Pakistan, 2007 Districts Falling in the list of Least Developed Areas mentioned EE by MTDF (2005-10) Included NN Districts Falling in the list of Districts vulnerable mainly to Included LL flooding (NDMA,2008) RankingCriteria Districts Most affected by floods in 2005 in Punjab UU Included VV Most Flood Prone Districts of Pakistan. A list by METDeptt . Included DD Districts most likely to be affected by Floods A list by Federal Included Flood Commission NN Ranking Based Upon PSLM 2006-07 (Out of 35 Districts of Punjab including AA Criteria Islamabad) TT Literacy amongpoulation 10 years and older 17 NN Adult Literacy (15+) 18 EE Percentage of Children Aged 12-23 Months That have been fully 15 MM Immunized PP Children Under 5 Suffering from Diarrhea 13 OO Pregnant Women who have received Tetanus Toxoid Injection 4 LL EE Percentage of Households with Piped Water Supply 32 VV Percentage of Households having a flush latrine 26 EE DD 2 LAYYAH DISTRICT PROFILE Hazard Description Y River Flooding Layyah was one of the most affected districts in 2005 by T floods/heavy rains in river Indus when 88 villages, 67970 persons I and crops on 1, 59,992 acres of land were affected. 6005houses L were partially and 8005 houses were completely destroyed at that I time. (Federal Flood Commission, Punjab Relief Department). According to the Layyah istrictFlood Fighting Plan, 2008, 64 villages B in Tehsil Layyah and 25 villages in Karor are vulnerable to flooding in river Indus. Roughly 1/3rd portion of its 2 out of 3 tehsils- Karor Lal A Easan and Layyah is riverain and falls on the left bank of river Indus. R Droughts The third TehsilChobara that forms some 44% of the district is a desert on larger part and is very thinly populated. Tehsil Chobara E suffers from drought conditions in almost a rotational manner. Climate Gram that has become a major cash crop of this area is a N Change complete gamble as it depends on timely and sufficient rains. Under the changing weather patterns and climate variability the L rain patterns are disturbed and unpredictable making local’s livelihood quite vulnerable. U River Erosion . River erosion is a common phenomenon in the riverain area and has so far swallowed large bulks of agricultural lands. V Brackish The underground water in the desert zone is brackish but Drinking localcommunities drink it and also use it for irrigation as it supports D Water selected crops. Frost Frost is common in the riverain and canal irrigated zone during N December and January and affects people’s health, crops and vegetables. A Dust Storms Dust storms are common in the desert zone during summer. S Deforestation The deforestation is on rise in Layyah and is being sponsored by more than 500 charcoal kilns that have been installed mostly D along the roadsides in the district. These kilns are being run by the people from Tribal agencies of South and North Waziristan. R Road Accidents A Accidents Casualties Z Fatal Non-Fatal Total Killed Injured Total A 45 44 89 57 116 173 H 3 LAYYAH DISTRICT PROFILE S L N I C N U O 7 C 6 N O I 5 N 4 U 3 E 2 N 1 O R P Flood Prone Union Councils D 1. Bukhari Ahmed Khan 2. Jhakhar O 3. Lohanch Nasheb 4. Kotla Haji Shah O 5. Basti Shadoo Khan 6. Baseera L 7. Warah Serah F 4 LAYYAH DISTRICT PROFILE Villages Likely to be Affected During Flood 45. Noor Khirani Neshab Season 46. Vehniwal Nesheb S Tehsil Layyah 47. Pahar Pur Nasheb 1. Bhand Nasheb 48. Bet Wasawa Khan Wala 2. Nousshera Nasheb E 49. Bet Wasawa Kalroo Wala 3. Warha Ghiskori 50. Bet Wasawa Shumali 4. Basti Shadu Khan 51. Jhorar Nasheb G 5. Elyani 52. Soyia Nasheb 6. Nooray Wala Pacca 53. Khoni Kalru Nasheb 7. Thind Kalan Nasheb 54. Ghallo Arval A 8. Thind Khurad Nasheb 55. Sakhani Wala 9. Kotla Haji Shah Nasheb 56. Bait Kalroo L 10. Nooray Wala Katcha 57. Zour 11. Jhok Hassan Khan 58. Bait Kalroo 12. Sumra Nasheb Patti Shumali Katcha 59. Bait Baloo L 13. Sumra Nasheb Patti Janobi Katcha 60. Bait Gujji I 14. Summra Nasheb Patti Shumali Pacca 61. Bait Ghadi 15. Summra Nasheb Patti Janobi Pacca 62. Blouch Khan 16. Bet Thori V 63. Bakhra 17. Sehmal Nasheb 64. Shah Wala 18. Dullo Nasheb 19. Lohanch Nasheb Tehsil Karor E 20. Samtia Nasheb 1. Sahu Wala Katcha 21. Kotla Qazi Nasheb 2. Sahu Wala Pacca 22. Saidu Nasheb 3. Shahani N 23. Kunnal Nasheb 4. Sanjh Isra 24. Gutt Nasheb 5. Khokhar Isra Nasheb 25.