DECEMBER 13, 1997 Every Two Weeks Published during the austral summer for the United States Antarctic Program at McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Tragedy at SouthPole: Skydivers Fatal Jump View to the Heavens, by Alexander Colhoun hree skydivers plunged to their View to the Past: Tdeaths last Sunday while attempt- ing what is believed to have been the first South Pole Astrophysics Comes of Age civilian skydiving attempt over the South story and photos by Alexander Colhoun Pole. The six-person team was organized by Adventure Network International (ANI), a company that has been assisting private adventurers in the Antarctic since 1988. All six members of the team jumped from a single Twin Otter aircraft from an elevation of approximately 18,000 feet. The South Pole rests at 9,500 feet above ...cont. on page 8 INSIDE Rebuilding the Pole A massive reconstruction project kicks off at South Pole Station. PHI over Antarctica Bayou-based Petroleum Helicopters, Inc. proves you donÕt have to be cold-blooded to work on the ice. Women In Antarctica: Self Health is the Key Staying healthy in the Antarctic environment begins Fred Mrozek makes adjustments to the Spirex infrared telescope, which he built by hand. SPIREX is one of with basics: nutrition, balance and three telescopes at the South Pole, a location some Astronomers are calling the next place where astrophysics rest. will take-off. Stitch and Bitch Pickers are pick- Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica ÒThis is the best place in the world for ing, throwers are throwing, new azing into the 60 centimeter concave near infrared astronomy,Ó said Mrozek. ÒThe folks are learning, and occasionally mirror of the Spirex infrared tele- conditions here are close to ideal and better someone is bitching. G scope, Fred MrozekÕs eyes burn with curiosity. than any other place on earth for this kind of The Traverse That DidnÕt Mother Dismantling the telescope he built with his astronomy.Ó Nature proves once again that she own hands, Mrozek speaks in space-age verse Dr. Tony Stark, an astronomer from the will decide who comes and goes in with tales of mapping the Magelantic Clouds Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Antarctica. in the galactic center and of tiny galaxies being Cambridge, Mass., was equally enthusiastic. Perspective The tragedy at the South pulled and stretched as if by an ocean current. ÒThis is the next place where astronomy will Pole prompts one woman to rethink MrozekÕs world may sound like science take off,Ó said Stark. ÒThe observing here is her understanding of the quest for fiction, but with the help of the National just too good.Ó adventure. Science Foundation, they have become science Stark should know. A denizen of the astro- Profile: Five who Survived The fact. nomical world, heÕs been probing the universe captivations and passions of five Just eight years ago modern astronomy for a quarter century, the last decade of which men and women who spent one year at the South Pole. made its debut at the South Pole. For astro- has been focused on the South Pole. physicists like Mrozek, the experiment has been an unabashed success. ...cont. on page 5 2 December 13, 1997 The Antarctic Sun 8,000 miles of ocean and ice and 10,000 feet of elevation separate the Pole from the closest American city. In winter it is entirely inacces- Rebuilding the Pole sible. Imagine then, transporting equipment, story and photo by Alexander Colhoun materials, workers and all their related needs to this isolated, windswept slab of ice. Over the next eight years more than 1600 flights will be made to the South Pole from McMurdo. Every item carried there, from solar panels to toilet seats, must go through a series of hurdles fit for an Olympian, includ- ing design, procurement, pre-deployment assembly and disassembly stateside, travel to Port Hueneme and on to McMurdo by ship and finally to the Pole by air. It is a logistics juggernaut inextricably linked to unpredictable weather patterns. Despite a twelve-day delay in opening the station this summer, caused by unseasonably cold temperatures at the South Pole (too cold for LC-130 Hercules aircraft to attempt land- ing), this seasonÕs objectives have not been diminished. Besides maintaining a world class science program, the station will build a mas- sive new garage arch, will move a summer camp of ten Jamesway tents to a new location, Carlton Walker, ASA Construction Supervisor, watches as D-7 bulldozers move thousands of pounds of snow to make room for a new 200-foot long, 64-foot wide, and 34-foot high garage arch at South Pole Station. and will raise the existing garage arch five feet. All of which calls for more personnel Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica Antarctica, its basis of claim, and its commit- than ever before. rom the sky, the first visible sign of ment to conduct cutting-edge scientific Dave Fischer, Antarctic Support FmanÕs presence at the South Pole is a research there.Ó AssociatesÕ South Pole Station Manager, treats silver dome glistening in the spectral Antarctic Thus regarded as the most visible symbol the station like a race car, red-lining the light. Up close, it looks like a massive globe, of AmericaÕs presence in Antarctica, engine for maximum performance while close- covered to the high latitudes in snow, reveal- Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, so named ly monitoring all functions. ÒI want to push ing only its bald, glistening cap. for the first two explorers to reach the Pole, the limit and see what we can do,Ó said Completed in 1975 and designed to house has come to the end of its 20-year design life. Fischer. ÒBut I donÕt want the system to 18 men in the winter and 33 in the summer, Several primary aspects of the stationÕs infra- break.Ó the South Pole Station has come to symbolize structure, including the fuel system and the While Fischer keeps an eye on the big pic- AmericaÕs presence at the South Pole, a site power plant, need replacement. ture, Tom Verville, a New Hampshire native, prized as a scientific platform and a geopoliti- In October, 1997, President Clinton signed is keeping a close eye on the front end of a cal stabilizer. a bill authorizing 70 million dollars for the Caterpillar D-7 bulldozer. In the last few The United States in Antarctica, a 94-page renovation of the South Pole. In addition, weeks, Verville has helped move tons of snow review of the United States Antarctic Program Congress has authorized 25 million for the to make way for a new garage arch. includes a letter from the Department of State South Pole Safety and Environmental Upgrade ÒItÕs a mountain of snow,Ó said Verville. which summarizes AmericaÕs interest in the currently being carried out. Both projects ÒThe depressing part is that it is a never-end- South Pole. ÒUnited States presence at the leave John Rand, the National Science ing game. There are days when you think South Pole Station demonstrates the United Foundation Project Engineer for the South youÕll never get it all done.Ó States commitment to assert its rights in Pole, with the challenge of a lifetime. ThatÕs a concern on the minds of many ÒI canÕt imagine a more severe construc- South Pole workers as they race against the S ANTARCT TE IC A P The Antarctic Sun, part of the United T R tion environment,Ó said Rand, a veteran with S O weather and time. ÒWeÕre about 20 flights D G E R T I A N M States Antarctic Program, is funded by U more than 20 years of cold-weather construc- ★ ★ behind schedule due to the late opening,Ó said ★ ★ the National Science Foundation. ★ ★ ★ ★ tion experience. ÒThere are many constraints ★ ★ Opinions and conclusions expressed in Jerry Marty, The National Science Foundation N A N T O I IO T N A The Sun are not necessarily those of the to the project. We have a very short building AL ND Construction Manager. ÒBut weÕre still plan- S U CIENCE FO Foundation. period each summer; we need to finish pro- Use: Reproduction and distribution is encouraged with ning to get it all done. Things are moving acknowledgement of source and author. jects [each summer] for them to survive the well.Ó Editor: Alexander Colhoun winter; and we are at the tail end of a very If anyone has the experience to lead the Publisher: Valerie Carroll, ASA long logistics train.Ó team, itÕs Marty, whoÕs been involved in the Contributions are welcome. Contact The Sun at Long indeed. The South Pole is arguably [email protected]. In McMurdo, visit our office in United States Antarctic Program off and on Building 155 or dial 2407. the worldÕs most remote outpost. Simply get- Web address: http://www.asa.org ting there is a battle. Four separate flights, ...cont. on page 7 The Antarctic Sun December 13, 1997 3 he bayous of the south are ing helicopters,Ó said Fouts. Ta long way from Antarctic The 5 maintenance personnel ice, but that hasnÕt stopped PHI Over Antarctica boast a combined 87 years of Louisiana-based Petroleum PHI experience doing just Helicopters, Incorporated (PHI) story by Terri Watson that. from making its mark on this Hawkins also compli- frozen continent. ments the scheduling work of ÒI must admit, when I heard ASA Senior Helicopter that some Louisiana Company got Coordinator Robin Abbott for the Antarctic Helicopter Contract, his companyÕs achievements. I was a bit concerned,Ó remem- ÒItÕs a real team effort.