THE LETTERS OF LUPUS OF FERRIERES Translated with an Introduction and Notes by GRA YDON w. REGEN OS Chairman Classical LanBuaBes Tulane University II MAR TINUS NIJHOFF - THE HAGUE MARTINUS NI]HOFF - PUBLISHER - THE HAGUE This is the first printed edition in English translation of the letters of Lupus, a distinguished abbot of the monastery of Ferrieres and an important ninth-cent1lrY humanist. A member of the generation of Latin scholars which flourished in the period following the reign of Charlemagne, Lupus received his education at Ferrieres and at Fulda under distinguished teachers who were themselves products of the great educational movement of the Carolingian renaissance. So great indeed was his thirst for knowledge and so strong his desire to further the cause of learning that he sought constantly to provide himself with better texts of works which he already had and to acquire new manuscripts. He sought, too, to extend his knowledge by directing inquiries to his learned friends concerning questions of religious or literary importance, and he was always ready to make available to others what he had learned. His letters, which number some 130, cover a wide range of subjects. Not only do they reflect the author's own intellectual and humanistic interests, but they shed considerable light on the political, social, and religious life of the age. As abbot of the important monastery ofFerrieres, he formed close friendships with many of the leading men of church and state, and it is to these that most of his letters are addressed. He wrote to bishops, archbishops, popes, and kings. Some of his letters were sent to monks and abbots in neighboring monasteries; a few to his own monks at times when his official duties called him away from the monastery. His correspondence provides, therefore, an excellent source of information for the period, and it preserves for us a vivid impression made on a perceptive mind by the con­ temporary scene. Without him our knowledge of the era would certainly be less complete, and our evaluation of it less accurate. About the author: Born January 8, 1902; A.B., Indiana Central College (1923); A.M., Indiana Uni­ versity (1925); Ph.D., University of Chicago; member of the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences, Tulane University, 1927-present; Visiting Professor at Ohio State University, Summer 1960; present title: Professor of Classical Languages, Tulane University and Chairman of the Department. 1966. XII and 160 pages. roy. 8vo. Cloth. Guilders 22.50 MARTINUS NIJHOFF - PUBLISHER - THE HAGUE Acta capitulorum provinciae Germaniae inferioris ordinis fratrum minorum praedicatorum ab anno MDXV usque ad annum MDLIX. Sec. codicem Parisiensem Arch. Nat. LL, 1530 edidit S.P. Wolfs. 1964. XLVIII and 270 pp. With 5 plates. Guilders 23.75 Bibliotheca Catholica Neerlandica Impressa 1500-1727. 1954. X and 669 pp. Cloth. Guilders 40.- Borchardt, C. F. A., Hilary of Poitiers' role in the Arian struggle. 1966. XIV and 198 pp. Guilders 25.- = Kerkhistorische studien, 12. Callewaert, C., Sacris Erudiri. Fragmenta liturgica collecta a monachis Sancti Petri de Aldenburgo in Steenbrugge ne pereant. Reeditio anastatica. 1962. XV and 741 pp. Cloth. Guilders 54.- For Christ Luve, Prayers of Saint Aelred, abbot of Rievaulx. Texts selected and introduced by D. Anselm Hoste. Translated by sister Rose de Lima. 1965. XIX and 68 pp. Guilders 5.75 Instrurnenta Patristica. 1. Michiels O.F.M., Aem., Index verborum quae sunt in Ter­ tulliani tractatu de praescriptione haereticorum. Out of print 2. Hoste, Anselm, Bibliotheca Aelrediana. A survey of the manus­ cripts, old catalogues, editions and studies concerningSt. Aelred of Rievaulx. 1962.206 pp. With 1 folding map. Guilders 11.- 3. Bavel, T. van, avec la collaboration de F. van der Zan de, Repertoire bibliographique de Saint Augustin 1950-1960. 1963. 991 pp. Cloth. Guilders 62.- 4. Lambert, B., Bibliotheca Hieronymiana manuscripta. In preparation 5. Combaluzier, C.M.F., Sacramentaires de Bergame et d'Ari­ berto. Table des matieres, index des formules. 1962. 112 pp. Guilders 8.75 6. Cappuyns O.S.B., Dom M.]., Lexique de la regula magistri. 1964. 212 pp. Guilders 14.50 MARTINUS NI]HOFF - PUBLISHER - THE HAGUE Sacris Erudiri. Jaarboek voor Godsdienstwetenschappen. I. 1948.424 pp. Guilders 26.- II. 1949. 420 pp. Out of print III. Dekkers, E., et Aem. Gaar, Clavis patrum latinorum seu propylaeum ad Corpus Christianorum. Editio altera. 1961. 640 pp. Guilders 31.- IV. 1952. 400 pp. Guilders 26.- V. 1953.432 pp. Guilders 25.- VI. 1. 1954. 188 pp. Guilders 12.50 VI. 2. 1954. pp. 189-443. Guilders 12.50 VII. Anastatical reprint. 1963.408 pp. Guilders 26.- VIII. 1. Anastatical reprint. 1963. 247 pp. Together. Guilders 26.­ VIII. 2. 1956. pp. 249-426. IX. 1957.398 pp. Guilders 23.25 X. 1958.422 pp. Guilders 23.25 XI. 1960.452 pp. Guilders 23.25 XII. 1961. 577 pp. Guilders 26.­ XIII. 1962. 591 pp. Guilders 26.­ XIV. 1963. 478 pp. Guilders 26.­ XV. 1964. 427 pp. Guilders 26.­ XVI. 1965. 508 pp. Guilders 26.­ XVII. 1. 1966. 211 pp. Guilders 13.- Swedenborg, Emanuel, Vera christiana religio, continens uni­ versam theologiam novae ecclesiae. Domino apud Danielem cap. VII: 13-14, et in Apocalypsi cap. XXI: 1, 2 praedictae. (Am­ stelodami 1771). Facsimile reprint of the original edition. 1964. 541 pp. Cloth. Guilders 90.- --- Summaria expositio doctrinae Novae Ecclesiae, quae per novam Hierosolymam in Apocalypsi intelligitur (Amstelodami 1769). Facsimile reprint of the original Latin edItion. 67 pp. Guilders 5.75 Talkyng of the loue of God. Edited from ms. Vernon (Bodleian 3938) and collated with ms. Simeon (Brit. Mus. Add. 22283). With introduction, notes, phonology, grammar, glossary and other apparatus by sister M. Salvina Westra O.P. 1950. XXXI and 171 pp. With 1 facsimile. Guilders 10.- Visser, A. J., Nikephoros und der Bilderstreit. Eine Untersuchung tiber die Stellung des Konstantinopeler Patriarchen Nikephoros innerhalb der ikonoklastischen Wirren. 1952. VIII and 124 pp. Guilders 5.50 ODe JUllder .... abo S 0.28 = ab. 2 all = eay Fr. 1.36 = ca DMW 1.11 Obtainable through any bookseller or direct from the publisher THE LETTERS OF LUPUS OF FERRIERES THE LETTERS OF LUPUS OF FERRIERES Translated with an Introduction and Notes by GRA YDON w. REGEN OS Chairman Classical Languages Tulane University MARTINUS NI]HOFF - THE HAGUE - 1966 Copyright 1966 by Martinus NijhojJ, The Hague, Netherlands Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1966 All rights reserved, including the right to translate or to reproduce this book or parts thereof in any form ISBN 978-94-011-8687-2 ISBN 978-94-011-9499-0 (eBook) DOl 10.1007/978-94-011-9499-0 PREFACE This translation ofthe letters of Lupus of Ferrieres is based primarily on the text of Diimmler' s edition, published in the M onumenta Germaniae Historica in 1902. In the arrangement of the letters, however, I have followed Levillain who sought to put them in chronological order on the basis of his own previous research published in a series of articles in the Bibliothcque de l'E:cole des chartes, volumes LXII and LXIII, in 1901 and 1902. A chronological table with suggested dating of the letters is given in this book on pages 151-153. I have attempted to keep the notes brief, confining them chiefly to identification of quoted passages and to proper names, assuming that the reader, if interested, will him­ self seek more detailed information in the standard sources. In a collection of letters of this nature, covering as they do such a wide range of subject matter, it is to be expected that some will have comparatively little general appeal. The few letters, for example, which deal with Latin grammar will be of little interest to most readers. Occasionally a letter may border on the trite or commonplace. It has seemed desirable, however, in view ofthe limited number of such letters, and for the sake of completeness, to include the entire collection. An effort has been made to convey, as far as possible, the tone and spirit of the original, as well as the thought, in a natural style of English prose. It has seemed appropriate to render the numerous direct quotations from the Bible in the matchless English of the King James authorized version. Of the works consulted in the preparation of this book, most helpful has been Levillain's Loup de Ferricres, Correspondance. In questions of doubt, it has been comforting to have at hand his French version for purposes of comparison. His notes too have been of inestimable help. I wish to express a special debt of gratitude to my former teacher and friend, the late Professor Charles Henry Beeson of the University of Chicago, who first introduced me to the field of Medieval Latin and, in particular, to the study of this author, and to whose memory I most respectfully dedicate this book. INTRODUCTION Our information concerning the life of Lupus of Ferrieres is derived chiefly from a collection of letters, the vast majority of which bear his own name. The remainder, with the exception of the third letter which is addressed to Lupus from Einhard, seem to have been written by Lupus on behalf of some other person or group of persons, usually the abbot or the brothers of his own monastery. Lupus, surnamed Servatus, was born about 805 in the diocese of Sens in the West Frankish Kingdom, the son of a Bavarian father and a Frankish mother. We have no information concerning his early boy­ hood, but he is first found enrolled as a student in the monastery of Ferrieres, some sixty miles southeast of Paris. Adalbert, a former student of Alcuin, was at that time abbot of this monastery.