REPUBLIC OF CCRROOAATTIIAA Public Administration Country Profile Division for Public Administration and Development Management (DPADM) Department for Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) United Nations April 2005 All papers, statistics and materials contained in the Country Profiles express entirely the opinion of the mentioned authors. They should not, unless otherwise mentioned, be attributed to the Secretariat of the United Nations. The designations employed and the presentation of material on maps in the Country Profiles do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Table of Contents Table of Contents........................................................................................... 1 Croatia ......................................................................................................... 2 1. General Information ................................................................................... 3 1.1 People.................................................................................................. 3 1.2 Economy .............................................................................................. 3 1.3 Public Spending ..................................................................................... 4 1.4 Public Sector Employment and Wages....................................................... 4 2. Legal Structure .......................................................................................... 5 2.1 Legislative Branch.................................................................................. 5 2.2 Executive Branch ................................................................................... 6 2.3 Judiciary Branch .................................................................................... 6 2.4 Local Government.................................................................................. 7 3. The State and Civil Society .......................................................................... 8 3.1 Ombudsperson ...................................................................................... 8 3.2 Citizens and Public Authorities ................................................................. 8 3.3 NGOs and Civil Society ........................................................................... 8 4. Civil Service .............................................................................................. 9 4.1 Legal basis............................................................................................ 9 4.2 Recruitment .......................................................................................... 9 4.3 Promotion............................................................................................. 9 4.4 Remuneration ......................................................................................10 4.5 Training...............................................................................................10 4.6 Gender................................................................................................10 5. Ethics and Civil Service ..............................................................................11 5.1 Corruption ...........................................................................................11 5.2 Ethics..................................................................................................11 6. e-Government ..........................................................................................12 6.1 e-Government Readiness .......................................................................12 6.2 e-Participation......................................................................................13 7. Links .......................................................................................................14 7.1 National sites .......................................................................................14 7.2 Miscellaneous sites................................................................................14 1 CCRROOAATTIIAA Croatia Click here for detailed map Government type Presidential/parliamentary democracy Independence 25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia) Constitution Adopted on 22 December 1990; revised 2000, 2001 (click here) Legal system Based on civil law system Administrative divisions Divided into 20 counties and one city (Zagreb) (click here) Source: The World Factbook - Croatia Source: The World Factbook - Croatia Formerly a republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia together with Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro and Macedonia, Croatia held its first multi-party elections in 1990 when the Croatian nationalist Franjo Tudjman was elected President. In 1991 Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia. Subsequent conflict with the Yugoslav army ceased in January 1992 when the UN deployed a peace keeping force in Serbian-held areas. In 1998 Eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatian control and in 2002 UN peace keepers withdrew from the Prevlaka peninsula giving control of all the sovereign Croatian territory to the Croatian authorities for the first time since independence. The death of President Franjo Tudjman in December 1999 followed by parliamentary and presidential elections in early 2000 resulted in significant political changes in Croatia. The power of presidency was diminished and Parliament was empowered with greater responsibility. The new government has progressed in implementation of the Dayton Peace Accord regarding refugee return, regional co-operation, national reconciliation and democratic reforms. The new government has also ameliorated the relations with neighboring countries as well as with international community, which were strained under Tudjman’s presidency. Source: Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade - Croatia Country Brief & OSCE - Legislationline: Croatia 2 1. General Information 1.1 People Croatia BiHi Slovenia 1 a Population Total estimated population (,000), 2003 4,427 4,162 1,984 Female estimated population (,000), 2003 2,298 2,103 1,020 Male estimated population (,000), 2003 2,129 2,059 964 Sex ratio (males per 100 females), 2003 93 98 98 Average annual rate of change of pop. (%), 2000-2005 -0.19 1.13 -0.11 b Youth and Elderly Population Total population under age 15 (%), 2003 17 17 15 Female population aged 60+ (%), 2003 25 18 23 Male population aged 60+ (%), 2003 18 13 17 c Human Settlements Urban population (%), 2001 58 43 49 Rural population (%), 2001 42 57 51 Urban average annual rate of change in pop. (%), ‘00-‘05 0.75 2.19 -0.1 Rural average annual rate of change in pop/ (%), ‘00-‘05 -1 0.29 -0.14 d Education Total school life expectancy, 2000/2001 11.9 .. 15 1 Female school life expectancy, 2000/2001 12.1 .. 16 1 Male school life expectancy, 2000/2001 11.7 .. 15 1 Female estimated adult (15+) illiteracy rate (%), 2000 2.7ii .. 0.4ii 2 Male estimated adult (15+) illiteracy rate (%), 2000 0.7ii .. 0.3ii 2 e Employment Unemployment rate (15+) (%), 2001 15.8 .. 7.4iii 1 Female adult (+15) economic activity rate (%), 2001 45 .. 51iv 2 Male adult (+15) economic activity rate (%), 2001 62 .. 65iv 2 Notes: i Bosnia and Herzegovina; ii 1991; iii 1999, Month of May; iv De jure population 1.2 Economy Croatia BiHi Slovenia 2 a GDP GDP total (millions US$), 2002 22,421 5,249 21,108 GDP per capita (US$), 2002 5,122 1,274 3,637 PPP GDP total (millions int. US$), 2002 43,625 22,820 127,256 PPP GDP per capita(int. US$), 2002 9,967 5,537 8,094 b Sectors ii ii Value added in agriculture (% of GDP), 2003 29.3 16.7 3.1 ii ii Value added in industry (% of GDP), 2003 62.5 34.7 36.2 ii ii Value added in services (% of GDP), 2003 45.3 48.6 60.7 Miscellaneous c GDP implicit price deflator (annual % growth), 2003 2.4 0.9 0.9 Private consumption (% of GDP), 2003 61.2 91.8 53.2 Government consumption (% of GDP), 2003 20.4 22.3 21.6 Notes: i Bosnia and Herzegovina; ii 2002 1 United Nations Statistics Division: a Statistics Division and Population Division of the UN Secretariat; b Statistics Division and Population Division of the UN Secretariat; c Population Division of the UN Secretariat; d1 UNESCO ; d2 UNESCO; e1 ILO; e2 ILO/OECD 2 World Bank - Data and Statistics: a Quick Reference Tables; b Data Profile Tables ; c Country at a Glance 3 i 1.3 Public Spending Croatia BiH Slovenia 3 Public expenditures Education (% of GNP), 1985-1987 .. .. .. a Education (% of GNP), 1995-1997 5.3 .. 5.7 a Health (% of GDP), 1990 9.5 .. .. ii Health (% of GDP), 1998 9.5 .. 6.7 Military (% of GDP), 1990 .. .. .. b Military (% of GDP), 2000 3 .. 1.2 b Total debt service (% of GDP), 1990 .. .. .. Total debt service (% of GDP), 2000 12.8 .. .. Notes: i Bosnia and Herzegovina; ii 1999; Click here for furtrher information on “Subnational Share of Overall Public Spending and Public Administration Employees” 1.4 Public Sector Employment and Wages Central & Middle Europe & Eastern income Croatia Croatia Central Asia Data from the latest year available Europe group 1991-1995 1996-2000 average4 average4 average4 1996-2000 1996-2000 1996-2000 Employment (,000) 73.0 86.03 Civilian Central Government5 (% pop.) 1.56 1.88 0.61 0.45 0.59 (,000) 26.0 19.6 Sub-national Government5 (% pop.) 0.56 0.43 0.61 0.45 0.59 (,000) 66.0 55.91 Education employees (% pop.) 1.41 1.22 1.58 1.43 1.20 (,000) 70.0 32.6 Health