SMA Grant Agreement No. G1400375 Washington State Department of Ecology Restoration Plan Shoreline Master Program Update Û City of Long Beach Û May 2015 Final Plan: reflects revisions based on comments from the public and the Washington State Department of Ecology This is the work product for Task No. 8 of SMA Grant Agreement No. G1400375 Final Restoration Plan Long Beach Shoreline Master Program Update Prepared by: Under supervision of: The City of Long Beach The Washington State Department of Ecology 115 Bolstad West PO Box 47775 PO Box 310 Olympia, Washington 98504 Long Beach, Washington 98631 Contact: Contact: Gayle Borchard Kim Van Zwalenburg Director of Community Development Senior Regional Shoreline Planner 360.642.4421 360.407.6520 This report funded in part by a grant from the Washington State Department of Ecology Û May 2015 This document should be cited as follows: City of Long Beach, Washington, 2015. Final Restoration Plan: Long Beach Shoreline Master Program Update. May. Table of Contents Section Page Acronyms & Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ iii Glossary ....................................................................................................................................................... v Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Purposes of this Document ................................................................................................... 3 1.3 How to Use this Document .................................................................................................... 3 2.0 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 5 2.1 Restoration Principles ........................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Approach to Restoration ........................................................................................................ 5 2.3 Approach to Work .................................................................................................................. 6 3.0 Results ................................................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Degraded Areas .................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.1 Reach No. 1 ........................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.2 Reach No. 2 ........................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.3 Reach No. 3 ........................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.4 Reach No. 4 ........................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.5 Reach No. 5 ........................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.6 Reach No. 6 ........................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.7 Reach No. 7 ........................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.8 Reach No. 8 ......................................................................................................................... 10 3.1.9 Reach No. 9 ......................................................................................................................... 10 3.1.10 Reach No. 10 ....................................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Goals and Priorities ............................................................................................................. 11 3.2.1 Goals and Objectives ........................................................................................................... 11 Restoration Plan i Shoreline Master Program Update, City of Long Beach 3.3 Existing or Foreseeable Restoration Plans and Organizations ............................................ 12 3.3.1 Long Beach Comprehensive Plan ....................................................................................... 12 3.3.2 Pacific County Strategic Plan for Salmon Recovery ............................................................ 12 3.3.3 Pacific County Marine Resource Council (MRC) ......................................................... 13 3.4 Potential Restoration Projects and Programs (Strategies) .................................................. 13 3.4.1 Achieve no net loss .............................................................................................................. 13 3.4.2 Provide restoration opportunities ......................................................................................... 15 3.4.3 Increase biological diversity ................................................................................................. 15 3.5 Restoration Timelines and Benchmarks .............................................................................. 15 3.5.1 In One Year ......................................................................................................................... 15 3.5.2 In Five Years........................................................................................................................ 16 3.5.3 In Ten Years ........................................................................................................................ 16 4.0 Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... 17 5.0 References ......................................................................................................................... 19 APPENDICES APPENDICES A Article: Control of European Beachgrass (Ammophila arenaria) on the West Coast of the United States Û Restoration Plan ii Shoreline Master Program Update, City of Long Beach Acronyms & Abbreviations The first appearance in the text of each of the following acronyms and abbreviations is marked with the symbol. Ecology: Washington State Department of Ecology MHW or MHT: Mean High Water or Mean High Tide MRC: (The Pacific County) Marine Resource Council OHWM: Ordinary high water mark RCW: Revised Code of Washington SCL: Seashore Conservation Line SED: Shoreline Environment Designation SMA: Washington State Shoreline Management Act SMP: Shoreline Master Program SSWS: Shoreline of Statewide Significance WAC: Washington Administrative Code WRIA: Water Resource Inventory Area Û Restoration Plan iii Shoreline Master Program Update, City of Long Beach Blank Page Restoration Plan iv Shoreline Master Program Update, City of Long Beach Glossary The first appearance in the text of each of the following words or phrases is marked with the symbol. 1889 GOVERNMENT MEANDER LINE: The western limit of privately-owned beach property, the approximate location of mean high tide (MHT), at the time Washington achieved statehood in 1889. Also termed The 1889 Line or the Western Upland Boundary, or simply the 1889 Line. DEFLATION PLAIN: The low area between the foredune and old dune ridge, where the foredune blocks the deposition of new sand and wind scours and erodes the surface, often down to the water table. FOREDUNE: The large, currently developing primary dune, closest to the ocean. INTERDUNAL WETLAND: Wetlands located in small interdunal depressions to extensive deflation plains behind stabilized foredunes. Interdunal wetlands are primarily fresh water; they have mineral soil; and they are groundwater dependent with seasonal fluctuations. MEAN HIGH WATER: The average of all the high water heights observed over a specific 19- year period (currently 1983 through 2001) called the National Tidal Datum Epoch. Also termed Mean High Tide. MITIGATION SEQUENCING: A step-wise approach to mitigating the impacts of an action, whereby a preferred order is taken, emphasizing avoidance of the impact The preferred order of the mitigation sequence is as follows: 1. Avoid impacts by not taking a certain action or parts of an action; 2. Minimize impacts by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action and its implementation by using appropriate technology or by taking affirmative steps to avoid or reduce impacts; 3. Rectify impacts by repairing, rehabilitating, or restoring the affected environment; 4. Reduce or eliminate impacts over time by preservation and maintenance operations; 5. Compensate for the impact by replacing, enhancing, or providing substitute resources or environments; and for any of these five approaches 6. Monitor impacts, mitigation, and compensatory mitigation projects, taking appropriate corrective measures. ORDINARY HIGH WATER MARK (OHWM): On lakes, streams, and tidal water, that mark that will be found by examining the bed and banks and ascertaining where