T^p r /$*jc(i*^e^r Ji . ^uJcl/^£>% ^ :$ &+ g^jl* & e#£wj S^Mea^Js M .% •* ^liffi^a^^NKHiiiiwiiiN)^ THE CELLAR BCCK SHCP 18090 WYOMING DETROIT, MICH. 48221 U.S.A. Malay=English Vocabulary Containing ft 5 00 Malay Words or Phrases with their English equivalents, together with AN APPENDIX Of Household, Nautical and Medical Terms, etc., etc. , <* BY REV. wf U. SHELLABEAR, Missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Author of "A Practical Malay (Jraimnar," etc., etc. SINGAPORE: I'll- IXTKI) \NI> I*UIIMK1I.KJ> HY THK AmKIIH'AN MISSION PliKSS. 1902. ,5 54- i$6X £jt yjio -u/ PREFACE. This Vocabulary has been prepared for use in connection with my * 'Practical Malay Grammar." It was originally intended to incorpor- ate with the Grammar an English-Malay and a Malay-English Voca- bulary, each containing some three or four thousand words, but in view of the fact that most people require a vocabulary containing as large a number of words as possible and are subjected to much "dis- appointment and annoyance when they find that their vocabulary does not contain just the very words which they require, it has been thought better to publish the vocabularies separately and to make them as complete as is consistent with the low price at which such works are expected to sell. The list of words which is here offered to the public contains over six thousand words and phrases. In such a Jist it is of course impos- sible to include all the Malay words which may be met with in even a very limited range of Malay reading, and the student will no doubt- meet with some expressions in conversation with Malays which will not be found in this vocabulary. Great care, however, has been taken in the selection of the words, and it is hoped that very few which are in common use or are likely to be needed by the student in the first two or three years of his study of the language ' ° have been omitted. In this vocabulary, as in the " Practical Malay Grammar," the Malay words are printed in roman letters only. Comparatively few Europeans make any serious attempt to learn the Arabic character, and those who do will no doubt require a dictionary rather than a voca- bulary. The omission of the Arabic characters has enabled the printers to put out this work in a very compact form and at a cost considerably below what it would otherwise have been. The great defect of Malay vocabularies printed in the Roman character has always been the great difficulty of finding many of the words owing to variations of spelling. This has been particularly the case regard m to the romanization of the short vowel sound, which even m the same work has been represented by different letters in different words, according to the derivation of the word or the fancy of the author, so that in many cases the student has had to hunt for a wordm two or three different places before he has been able to find it. This difficulty has been obviated in this work by the adoption of the same system of romanization which has been used in my Grammar and in all the other Malay publications of the American Mission Press. Its peculiar feature is the entire omission of the short vowel. This IV PREFACE. makes it just as easy to find a word containing the short vowel as it is in a Malay dictionary printed in the Arabic character, for instead of having to look up such a word as nschaya or psaka under two or three different vowels, the student will be able to find it at once from the sound. It is believed that this will be found to be a very great ad- vantage. The introduction should be carefully studied by those who desire to make an intelligent use of this vocabulary. Part of the introduc- tion has been reproduced from the Grammar, but there will also be found a large amount of entirely new matter explaining the use of prefixes and suffixes, the accentuation of Malay words, and the use and pronunciation of foreign words, etc. The student should not fail to make the fullest use of the Grammar, not only on account of the importance of thoroughly understanding the grammatical construction of the language, but also because he will otherwise be unable to pro- fit by the frequent references made in the vocabulary to the numbers of the paragraphs in the Grammar, where fuller information will be found in regard to the use of certain words than could be. given in a vocabulary. Derived words will only be found under their roots. Owing to the immense number and variety of the derived forms in the Malay language, this is the only arrangement which is at all satisfactory, and lias been adopted in all dictionaries and in one or two vocabularies. At first the student will no doubt have some difficulty in finding out what is the root of some of the derivatives, and it will be necessary for him to make himself thoroughly acquainted with the use of pre- fixes and affixes; this, however, will be found to be a blessing in dis- guise, for it is impossible to read or speak the Malay language intelli- gently without a thorough understanding of the derived forms. An appendix containing lists of English words with their Malay equivalents has been added. The vocabulary itself contains many similar lists ; for instance a list of the different classes of workmen will be found under tukarg, a list of the classifiers or numeral coefficients under s-, cloths under kain, stones under batu, etc. The lists of nauti- cal terms and diseases should be of special use to sailors and doctors respectively, and housekeepers will find a very complete list of foods and household terms. In the preparation of this vocabulary I am particularly indebted to Favre's Malay-French Dictionary and to Klinkert's Malay-Dutch Pocket Dictionary. When in doubt as to the precise meaning of a word I have occasionally referred to Wilkinson's Dictionary, Part I, but as the second part has not yet been published this work has only been referred to in regard to such words as come in the first half of the Malay alphabet. My list of words has been compared with other vocabularies in order to ensure that no important word has been omitted. Several alterations and additions have been made at the suggestion of Dr. Luering, and my thanks are due to him for the valuable assistance which he has rendered m$ by reading and criticis- ing the manuscript previous to publication. PREFACE. V Every effort has been made to ensure the utmost accuracy in this vocabulary, but it is hardly possible in the tirst edition of such a work to prevent errors creeping in, especially so in view of the fact that the latter half of the work was prepared on the eve of my departure for Europe, so that the printing had to be done before the work was completed. A short list of addenda and corrigenda wil 1 be found on page xii, and it is recommended that each of these be written in in its proper place. Further corrections, or suggestions for the improvement of a future edition, will be welcomed by the publishers. W. G. Shkllabeae Singdpore, June, 1902, — INTRODUCTION. The Vowels. The five vowels have the continental sounds : a as in father. as in hole. e as the ey in they. u as in rude. i as in ravine. In open syllables these vowel sounds have always a greater degree of intensity than in closed syllables. In addition to the above there is in Malay, as in nearly ail Orien- tal languages, another simple vowel sound which is often called the short vowel sound. In the different systems of romanizing, this short vowel sound has been variously represented e, i, by «, «, e, i 9 u, u ; but all these different methods of representing this vowel sound are open to the great objection that they mislead Europeans and even natives into giving it an incorrect pronunciation, and in a dictionary they have the additional disadvantage of giving rise to so much divers- ity and uncertainty in the spelling of words containing the short vowel that prolonged search is often necessary before it can be dis- covered which of these vowels has been used by the lexicographer to represent the short vowel in the particular word which is being sought for. Experience has shown that the best way to spell words contain- ing the short vowel with a view to helping the student to a correct pronunciation, is to omit the vowel altogether, and it is believed that the omission of the vowel will obviate the difficulty of finding such words in the vocabulary. The exact sound of the short vowel should learnt if possible be from a Malay ; it is almost identical with the half-vowel sound in the first syllable of such words as tfc machine" and 44 balloon." When two vowels come together, both must be sounded, but the first be run into the must second ; thus an has very nearly the sound of ow in " cow" as pimu, man ; and at has almost the sound of the English i in " ice," as, simgai, pakai. Consonants. The consonants in Malay are pronounced as in English, except that the r should always be sounded much more clearly and with more of a ring than in English.