Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 1 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES OF THE CAUCASUS THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 CA&CC Press® SWEDEN 2 Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION FOUNDED AND PUBLISHED BY INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES OF THE CAUCASUS Registration number: M-770 Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan Republic PUBLISHING HOUSE CA&CC Press® Sweden Registration number: 556699-5964 Registration number of the journal: 1218 Editorial Council Eldar Chairman of the Editorial Council (Baku) ISMAILOV Tel/fax: (994 – 12) 497 12 22 E-mail: [email protected] Kenan Executive Secretary (Baku) ALLAHVERDIEV Tel: (994 – 12) 596 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Azer represents the journal in Russia (Moscow) SAFAROV Tel: (7 – 495) 937 77 27 E-mail: [email protected] Nodar represents the journal in Georgia (Tbilisi) KHADURI Tel: (995 – 32) 99 59 67 E-mail: [email protected] Ayca represents the journal in Turkey (Ankara) ERGUN Tel: (+90 – 312) 210 59 96 E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Nazim Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) MUZAFFARLI Tel: (994 – 12) 510 32 52 E-mail: [email protected] (IMANOV) Vladimer Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Georgia) PAPAVA Tel: (995 – 32) 24 35 55 E-mail: [email protected] Akif Deputy Editor-in-Chief (Azerbaijan) ABDULLAEV Tel: (994 – 12) 596 11 73 E-mail: [email protected] Volume 7 IssueMembers 1-2 2013 of Editorial Board: 3 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Zaza D.Sc. (History), Professor, Corresponding member of the Georgian National Academy of ALEKSIDZE Sciences, head of the scientific department of the Korneli Kekelidze Institute of Manu- scripts (Georgia) Mustafa AYDIN Rector of Kadir Has University (Turkey) Irina BABICH D.Sc. (History), Leading research associate of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) Douglas Professor, Chair of Political Science Department, Providence College (U.S.A.) W. BLUM Svante Professor, Research Director, Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, Silk Road Studies E. CORNELL Program, Johns Hopkins University-SAIS (U.S.A.) Parvin D.Sc. (History), Professor, Baku State University (Azerbaijan) DARABADI Murad D.Sc. (Political Science), Editor-in-Chief, Central Asia and the Caucasus, Journal of ESENOV Social and Political Studies (Sweden) Jannatkhan Deputy Director, Institute of Strategic Studies of the Caucasus (Azerbaijan) EYVAZOV Rauf Ph.D. (Psychology), Leading research associate of the Center for Strategic Studies under GARAGOZOV the President of the Azerbaijan Republic (Azerbaijan) Archil Ph.D. (Geography), Senior fellow at the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and GEGESHIDZE International Studies (Georgia) Elmir Director of the Department of Geoculture, Institute of Strategic Studies of the Caucasus GULIEV (Azerbaijan) Shamsaddin D.Sc.(Economy), Professor, Rector of the Azerbaijan State Economic University HAJIEV (Azerbaijan) Jamil HASANLI D.Sc. (History), Professor at Khazar University (Azerbaijan) Stephen Professor, Russian and Eurasian Studies, Mount Holyoke College (U.S.A.) F. JONES Akira Ph.D., History of Central Asia & the Caucasus, Program Officer, The Sasakawa MATSUNAGA Peace Foundation (Japan) Roger Senior Research Fellow, Department of Politics and International Relations, University of MCDERMOTT Kent at Canterbury (U.K.); Senior Research Fellow on Eurasian military affairs within the framework of the Eurasia Program of the Jamestown Foundation, Washington (U.S.A.) Roin D.Sc. (History), Professor, Academician of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, METREVELI President of the National Committee of Georgian Historians (Georgia) Fuad Ph.D. (Economy), Counselor of the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the International MURSHUDLI Bank of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan) Michael Associate professor, Near Eastern Studies Department, Princeton University (U.S.A.) A. REYNOLDS Alexander Professor, President of Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies RONDELI (Georgia) Mehdi SANAIE Professor, Tehran University, Director, Center for Russian Studies (Iran) Avtandil D.Sc. (Economy), Professor, Tbilisi University of International Relations, Corresponding SILAGADZE member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences (Georgia) S. Frederick Professor, Chairman, Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, Johns Hopkins University-SAIS STARR (U.S.A.) James Professor, Director of the International and Regional Studies Program, Washington V. WERTSCH University in St. Louis (U.S.A.) Alla D.Sc. (History), Professor, head of the Mediterranean-Black Sea Center, Institute of YAZKOVA Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) Stanislav D.Sc. (Economy), Senior Researcher, Institute of World Economy and International ZHUKOV Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) The materials that appear in the journal do not necessarily reflect the Editorial Board and the Editors’ opinion Editorial Office: THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION © The Caucasus & Globalization, 2013 25 Ajami Nakhchivani, building 2 © CA&CC Press®, 2013 AZ1108, Baku, Azerbaijan © Institute of Strategic Studies of WEB: www.ca-c.org the Caucasus, 2013 4 Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 CONTENTS GEOPOLITICS THE EUROPEAN UNION AND CONFLICT SETTLEMENT IN THE CENTRAL CAUCASUS: Leyla NEW PROSPECTS AND LIMITS ALIEVA 7 THE IDEA OF A CAUCASIAN HOME AND THE PROBLEM OF INTEGRATION Khaladdin IN THE CENTRAL CAUCASUS IBRAHIMLI 16 TURKEY AND THE UNITED STATES IN THE CAUCASUS: PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION Evgenia IN CONFLICT SETTLEMENT GABER 26 SOME ASPECTS OF APPLYING THE SWEDISH-FINNISH MODEL TO SETTLEMENT OF THE ARMENIAN-AZERBAIJANI Taleh NAGORNO-KARABAKH CONFLICT ZIYADOV 40 Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 5 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION GEO-ECONOMICS SECTORAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL-ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES OF Vakhtang THE GEORGIAN ECONOMY: BURDULI, DEVELOPMENT ISSUES Ramaz IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION ABESADZE 48 THE BAKU-TBILISI-KARS (BTK) RAILROAD PROJECT IN THE GEOPOLITICS OF THE CENTRAL CAUCASIAN COUNTRIES, Alexander TURKEY, AND RUSSIA DUDNIK 65 INFLUENCE OF Zurab THE MIDDLE EAST TENSION GARAKANIDZE, ON THE EU’S SOUTHERN Nata GAS CORRIDOR GARAKANIDZE 74 GEOCULTURE THE CONFLICT IN NAGORNO-KARABAKH: IS IT A “CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS”? How Samuel Huntington’s Theory Explains Oleg Its Culturological Dimension KUZNETSOV 82 REVIVAL OF THE NORTH CAUCASIAN UMMA IN THE LIGHT OF RUSSIA’S FOREIGN POLICY FLAWS Ruslan IN THE ISLAMIC WORLD KURBANOV 94 RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN STATE SCHOOLS IN AZERBAIJAN, GEORGIA, AND ARMENIA. DEMOCRATIC POLITICS OF RELIGION AND THE PLURALITY OF Ansgar RELIGIOUS REPRESENTATIONS JÖDICKE 102 THE RELIGIOUS FACTOR IN THE GEOPOLITICS OF RUSSIA AND TURKEY Farman IN THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS KULIEV 110 6 Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION GEOHISTORY ALI MARDAN BEK TOPCHIBASHEV: LIFE, EPOCH, COMRADES-IN-ARMS Jamil (THE 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH) HASANLI 120 ETHNOCULTURAL ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES IN THE CAUCASUS (19TH-BEGINNING OF Sudaba THE 20TH CENTURIES) ZEYNALOVA 147 Contributors please use the following guidelines: — begin articles with a brief abstract of 300-500 words and keywords; — articles should be no less than 3,000 and no more than 6,000 words, including footnotes; — footnotes should be placed at the bottom of each page; if there are references to Internet resources, please give the author’s name, the name of the document, the website address, and the date it was made available, for example, available 2007-04-19; — quotations, names of authors and other information from English-language sources should be duplicated in brackets in the original language, that is, in English; — the article should be divided into sections, including an introduction and conclusion; — the author should include the following personal information: first name, last name, academic degree, place of work, position, city, country. All articles accepted are published in Russian and English, in the Russian-language and English-language versions of the journal, respectively. The editorial board takes responsibility for translation of the articles. Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 7 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION GEOPOLITICS Leyla ALIEVA Director, Center for National and International Studies (Baku, Azerbaijan). THE EUROPEAN UNION AND CONFLICT SETTLEMENT IN THE CENTRAL CAUCASUS: NEW PROSPECTS AND LIMITS Abstract his study attempts to analyze the models Caucasus has been limited. Today, however, and approaches to conflict settlement the EU betrays much more interest in the re- T based on EU programs that rely on the gion, while its new programs for the Central maximum possible use of the Union’s mecha- Caucasus have created new opportunities for nisms, policy tools, and resources. So far, the individualized approaches to conflict settle- EU’s ability to act effectively in the Central ment on the basis of EU programs and tools. KEYWORDS: the European Union, the Central Caucasus, conflict settlement, European integration, policy tool impact potential. Introduction It has been stressed more than once that the emergence of the European Union, set up after World War II, was geared at the idea of peacekeeping as one of the new structure’s foreign policy priorities repeatedly confirmed in its documents and decisions. 8 Volume 7 Issue 1-2 2013 THE CAUCASUS & GLOBALIZATION Despite the fact that the EU applied its peacekeeping potential far