FAMILY Pleuronectidae Rafinesque, 1815 - righteye flounders [=Heterosomes, Pleronetti, Pleuronectia, Diplochiria, Poissons plats, Leptosomata, Diprosopa, Asymmetrici, Platessoideae, Hippoglossoidinae, Psettichthyini, Isopsettini] Notes: Hétérosomes Duméril, 1805:132 [ref. 1151] (family) ? Pleuronectes [latinized to Heterosomi by Jarocki 1822:133, 284 [ref. 4984]; no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Pleronetti Rafinesque, 1810b:14 [ref. 3595] (ordine) ? Pleuronectes [published not in latinized form before 1900; not available, Article 11.7.2] Pleuronectia Rafinesque, 1815:83 [ref. 3584] (family) Pleuronectes [senior objective synonym of Platessoideae Richardson, 1836; family name sometimes seen as Pleuronectiidae] Diplochiria Rafinesque, 1815:83 [ref. 3584] (subfamily) ? Pleuronectes [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Poissons plats Cuvier, 1816:218 [ref. 993] (family) Pleuronectes [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Leptosomata Goldfuss, 1820:VIII, 72 [ref. 1829] (family) ? Pleuronectes [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Diprosopa Latreille, 1825:126 [ref. 31889] (family) Platessa [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Asymmetrici Minding, 1832:VI, 89 [ref. 3022] (family) ? Pleuronectes [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Platessoideae Richardson, 1836:255 [ref. 3731] (family) Platessa [junior objective synonym of Pleuronectia Rafinesque, 1815, invalid, Article 61.3.2 Hippoglossoidinae Cooper & Chapleau, 1998:696, 706 [ref. 26711] (subfamily) Hippoglossoides Psettichthyini Cooper & Chapleau, 1998:708 [ref. 26711] (tribe) Psettichthys Isopsettini Cooper & Chapleau, 1998:709 [ref. 26711] (tribe) Isopsetta SUBFAMILY Atheresthinae Vinnikov et al., 2018 - righteye flounders GENUS Atheresthes Jordan & Gilbert, 1880 - righteye flounders [=Atheresthes Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.], 1880:51] Notes: [ref. 2366]. Fem. Platysomatichthys stomias Jordan & Gilbert, 1880. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Sometimes misspelled Atherestes. •Valid as Atheresthes Jordan & Gilbert, 1880 -- (Norman 1934:286 [ref. 6893], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:643 [ref. 13641], Sakamoto 1984:208 [ref. 5273], Sakamoto in Masuda et al. 1984:351 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:69 [ref. 21500], Suzuki et al. 2001:39 [ref. 25386], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:820 [ref. 25968], Evseenko 2003:S59 [ref. 28535], Evseenko 2004:3 [ref. 27606], Mecklenburg et al. 2011:131 [ref. 31212], Parin et al. 2014:527 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Atheresthes Jordan & Gilbert, 1880. Pleuronectidae: Atheresthinae Species Atheresthes evermanni Jordan & Starks, 1904 - Kamchatka flounder [=Atheresthes evermanni Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.], 1904:621, Pl. 5 (fig. 1), Reinhardtius oleosus Tanaka [S.], 1918:226] Notes: [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 2526] Matsushima Bay, Japan. Current status: Valid as Atheresthes evermanni Jordan & Starks, 1904. Pleuronectidae: Atheresthinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine. (oleosus) [Dobutsugaku Zasshi = Zoological Magazine Tokyo v. 30 (no. 356); ref. 17357] Tokyo fish market, probably from Iwate [Ibaraki] Prefecture, Japan. Current status: Synonym of Atheresthes evermanni Jordan & Starks, 1904. Pleuronectidae: Atheresthinae. Habitat: marine. Species Atheresthes stomias (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880) - arrowtooth flounder [=Platysomatichthys stomias Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.], 1880:301] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 152); ref. 10581] Just outside the Golden Gate Bridge (obtained at San Francisco market), California, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Atheresthes stomias (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880). Pleuronectidae: Atheresthinae. Distribution: North Pacific. Habitat: marine. ********************************************************************************************************************************************** SUBFAMILY Pleuronichthyinae Vinnikov et al., 2018 - righteye flounders GENUS Pleuronichthys Girard, 1854 - righteye flounders [=Pleuronichthys Girard [C. F.], 1854:139, Heteroprosopon Bleeker [P.], 1862:429, Hypsopsetta Gill [T. N.], 1862:330] Notes: [ref. 1817]. Masc. Pleuronichthys coenosus Girard, 1854. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Pleuronichthys Girard, 1854 -- (Norman 1934:317 [ref. 6893], Fitch 1963 [ref. 21219], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:643 [ref. 13641], Sakamoto 1984:209 [ref. 5273], Sakamoto in Masuda et al. 1984:352 [ref. 6441], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:152 [ref. 21500], Li & Wang 1995:238 [ref. 16193], Cooper & Chapleau 1998:711 [ref. 26711], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:821 [ref. 25968], Evseenko 2003:S68 [ref. 28535], Evseenko 2004:12 [ref. 27606], Suzuki et al. 2009:276[ref. 30301], Yokogawa & Watanabe 2011:24 [ref. 31146], Parin et al. 2014:544 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Pleuronichthys Girard, 1854. Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. (Heteroprosopon) [ref. 388]. Neut. Platessa cornuta Temminck & Schlegel, 1846. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Pleuronichthys Girard, 1854 -- (Norman 1934:317 [ref. 6893], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:152 [ref. 21500], Li & Wang 1995:238 [ref. 16193], Evseenko 2003:S68 [ref. 28535], Evseenko 2004:12 [ref. 27606], Parin et al. 2014:544 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Pleuronichthys Girard, 1854. Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. (Hypsopsetta) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 14; ref. 1668] Fem. Pleuronichthys guttulatus Girard, 1856. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Hypsopsetta Gill, 1862 -- (Norman 1934:315 [ref. 6893], Ahlstrom et al. 1984:643 [ref. 13641], Sakamoto 1984:209 [ref. 5273], Lindberg & Fedorov 1993:69 [ref. 21500], Evseenko 2004:7 [ref. 27606]). •Synonym of Pleuronichthys Girard, 1854 -- (Vinnikov et al. 2018:159 [ref. 35844]). Current status: Synonym of Pleuronichthys Girard, 1854. Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Species Pleuronichthys coenosus Girard, 1854 - C-O sole [=Pleuronichthys coenosus Girard [C. F.], 1854:139, Pleuronichthys nephelus Starks [E. C.] & Thompson [W. F.], 1910:282, Fig. 1] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 1817] San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Pleuronichthys coenosus Girard, 1854. Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North Pacific. Habitat: marine. (nephelus) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 38 (no. 1744); ref. 10117] San Juan Islands, Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A. Current status: Synonym of Pleuronichthys coenosus Girard, 1854. Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Habitat: marine. Species Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) - ridge-eyed flounder [=Platessa cornuta Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.], 1846:179, Pl. 92 (fig. 1), Pleuronichthys japonicus Suzuki [S.], Kawashima [T.] & Nakabo [T.], 2009:277, Figs. 1a-c, e, f, 2a-e] Pleuronichthys lighti Wu [H.-W.], 1929:66, Fig. 54] Notes: [Fauna Japonica Parts 10-14; ref. 4374] Japan. Current status: Valid as Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846). Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Distribution: Western North Pacific. Habitat: marine. (japonicus) [Ichthyological Research v. 56 (no. 3); ref. 30301] Off Hamada, ca. 35°22'N, 132°15'E, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. Current status: Synonym of Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846). Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Distribution: Sea of Japan and Pacific coast of Japan, to southern East China Sea and Seto Inland Sea [if valid]. Habitat: marine. Species Pleuronichthys decurrens Jordan & Gilbert, 1881 - curlfin flounder [=Pleuronichthys decurrens Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.] 1881:453] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 3 (no. 173) [v. for 1880]; ref. 12598] Point Reyes and the Farallons, California, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Pleuronichthys decurrens Jordan & Gilbert 1881. Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern North Pacific. Habitat: marine. Species Pleuronichthys guttulatus Girard, 1856 - guttulatus righteye flounder [=Pleuronichthys guttulatus Girard [C. F.], 1856:137, Parophrys ayresii Günther [A.], 1862:456] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 8; ref. 1809] Tomales Bay, California, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Pleuronichthys guttulatus (Girard, 1856). Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine. Species Pleuronichthys lighti Wu, 1929 - Light's flounder [=Pleuronichthys lighti Wu [H.-W.], 1929:66, Fig. 54] Notes: [Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China. (Zoological Series) v. 5 (no. 4); ref. 17843] Island of Amoy or vicinity. Current status: Valid as Pleuronichthys lighti Wu, 1929. Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Distribution: East Asia. Habitat: marine. Species Pleuronichthys ocellatus Starks & Thompson, 1910 - ocellated turbot [=Pleuronichthys ocellatus Starks [E. C.] & Thompson [W. F.], 1910:285, Fig. 2] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 38 (no. 1744); ref. 10117] 31°21'N, 113°49'W, Gulf of California, Mexico, Albatross station 3024, depth 11 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Pleuronichthys ocellatus Starks & Thompson, 1910. Pleuronectidae: Pleuronichthyinae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: marine. Species Pleuronichthys ritteri Starks & Morris, 1907 - spotted turbot [=Pleuronichthys ritteri Starks [E. C.] & Morris [E. L.], 1907:243, Pl. 21] Notes: [University of California Publications in Zoology v. 3 (no. 11); ref. 10118]