The Artios Home Companion Series Unit 22: Russia and the Rise of the Swiss Confederation Teacher Overvie w RUSSIA AND Switzerland are often overlooked during the study of the Medieval and Renaissance time periods. However, the foundational histories of those countries reach into modern times and affect us still today. St. Basil's Cathedral is a monument to the Russian conquest of Kazan in 1552 (By David Crawshaw - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=64458) Reading and Assignments Based on your student’s age and ability, the reading in this unit may be read aloud to the student and journaling and notebook pages may be completed orally. Likewise, other assignments can be done with an appropriate combination of independent and guided study. Medieval to Renaissance: Elementary Unit 22: Russia and the Rise of the Swiss Confederation Page 213 In this unit, students will: Complete two lessons in which they will learn about Russia and Switzerland. Define vocabulary words. Visit www.ArtiosHCS.com for additional resources. Leading Ideas Vocabulary God orders all things for the ultimate good of His Lesson 1: people. anarchy And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are Lesson 2: called according to his purpose. none — Romans 8:28 The diligence to “keeping faith” is a revelation of Key People, Places, an individual’s character. and Events Speak the truth to one another; render in your gates judgments that are true and make for Ivan IV (“Ivan the Terrible”) peace. Michael Romanov — Zechariah 8:16 William Tell Arnold von Winkelried Believers are called to set a good example for others. Let no one despise you for your youth, but set the believers an example in speech, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity. — I Timothy 4:12 Relief Location map of Switzerland (By Eric Gaba (Sting - fr:Sting) and NordNordWest - Background relief map (relief, lakes and rivers): own work by uploaderSource of data: NASA SRTM3v2 (public domain)All other data (rivers, lakes and boundaries) taken from File:Switzerland_location_map.svg created by NordNordWest under CC-BY-SA-3.0United States National Imagery and Mapping Agency dataWorld Data Base II dataBundesamt für Umwelt BAFU, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8670093) Medieval to Renaissance: Elementary Unit 22: Russia and the Rise of the Swiss Confederation Page 214 L e s s o n O n e History Overview and Assignments The Progress of Russia RUSSIA, ONCE ruled by descendants of Northmen, was overrun by Turkic Tatars in the thirteenth century and separated from the activity and trade of the rest of Europe. Once their rule was overthrown, Russia sought to expand relations with the rest of the European world, but was hindered by the lack of a seaboard harbor by which to send out ships of trade. Vocabulary anarchy Key People, Places, and Events Ivan IV (“Ivan the Terrible”) Michael Romanov Discussion Questions 1. Describe Ivan the Terrible’s early life. 2. What was the biggest problem Ivan faced due to the location of Russia? 3. How did Ivan try to fix that problem? Tsar Ivan the Terrible, by Viktor M. Vasnetsov Reading and Assignments Read the article: The Progress of Russia. Define the vocabulary word in the context of the reading and put the word and its definition in the vocabulary section of your notebook. After reading the article, summarize the story you read by either: ▪ Retelling it out loud to your teacher or parent. OR ▪ Completing an appropriate notebook page. Either way, be sure to include the answers to the discussion questions and an overview of key people, places, dates, and events in your summary. Be sure to visit www.ArtiosHCS.com for additional resources. Medieval to Renaissance: Elementary Unit 22: Russia and the Rise of the Swiss Confederation Page 215 Adapted for Elementary School from the book: The Story of Europe by Henrietta Elizabeth Marshall The Progress of Russia Europe was expanding and very active, Ivan the Terrible but there were three powers that did not The great nobles fought for power, while interact much with the rest of the Continent. the future ruler was neglected and forsaken. They were Russia, Italy, and Germany. Italy He was clothed like a beggar. He felt hunger. and Germany did not take part because of He was cold and lonely. He learned to read, their wars, but Russia was not involved though, and his favorite books were the simply because it was not well known. Bible and books about history. He read Northmen lived in Russia, but the region about Jewish kings, the rulers of Babylon was invaded in the thirteenth century by and Egypt, and the emperors of Rome and Turkic Tatars who had come into Europe Greece. All of those rulers were called tsar from Asia. They ruled Russia for over two (from “Caesar”) in his language. Little Ivan hundred years. The Russian princes who decided he would become a tsar. So he read were proud heirs of Rurick the Northman and thought and waited. When he was were forced to give the Tatars money. The seventeen, he ordered the people to crown Tatars eventually became weak, and the him. He was crowned Tsar of All Russia. Russians began to fight them. After a long war, they were free of Asia. The princes of Moscow broke first from the Tatars, and Moscow became the capital. All of Russia took the name of Muskovy. The princes of Moscow wanted to unite Russia. This was accomplished by Ivan III the Great, his son Basil III, and his grandson Ivan IV, “the Terrible.” Their rule lasted for 122 years. Ivan the Great worked to unite Russia. He was called Binder of the Russian Lands. He united Russia by killing lesser rulers. He Ivan the Terrible Near the Body of His Son Whom He Murdered, by Vyacheslav Schwarz was very cruel. He could have been called Terrible like his grandson. Tsar Ivan began to rule his large lands, Basil III came after his father. He was but Russia had one fault. It was surrounded not as smart as his father. He was not as by land. It had no seaport harbor from brutal, either. He joined his lands and which to trade goods by ship except for the added to them. He threw people in prison Arctic Ocean, which was usually frozen. The and cut off the heads of anyone who Baltic shores were controlled by the Swedes, questioned him. When he died, his son was Poles, and a German army called the only three. Brothers of the Sword. The aim of the Medieval to Renaissance: Elementary Unit 22: Russia and the Rise of the Swiss Confederation Page 216 Brothers of the Sword was to bring the They wanted to keep Russia away from Baltic heathen to Christianity. At the same Western European weapons of war. It was time, they fought all the time with Russia. said that the King of Sweden told the They extended Germany to the east. Russia English sailors he would kill them if they was shut off from the Black Sea and the traded with Russia. So Russia had a hard Caspian Sea in the south by Mongols. This time establishing trade among the other is why Russia was not involved of the countries, and for a long time it remained a seafaring discoveries of Western Europe. rather isolated Asiatic empire. Russia was fenced in on all sides from the Ivan IV was able to leave his empire sea by her enemies. Russia was also working stronger and more advanced than he had toward unity and had no time to explore. As found it, because he was both savage and a result the region was shut out from Europe smart. As a statesman he was ahead of his and was hardly a European country at all. times. He knew the needs of his kingdom better than any man. But he was also cruel Struggles For a Seaboard and vicious and had a horrible temper. He Ivan IV wanted to join Europe’s activity. ruled well and wisely for the first fourteen He saw this could make his country great. years he was king, but later he became cruel He knew to do that he needed a seaboard. and bloody. He earned the name of He fought the Mongols and won Astrakan. “Terrible” because he destroyed the great Through the Volga River and the Caspian nobles by killing them and their families, Sea, he opened up trade to Persia and the laying waste the land with brutal fighting. East. But he could not win a Baltic port. After Ivan died, Russia had more Poland and Sweden controlled the Baltic trouble, and his family soon died out. The shores. A greater tsar than Ivan would win people rose up in 1613, and Michael the Baltic seaboard for Russia a hundred Romanov, a descendant of Rurick the and fifty years later. Northman, was chosen as the new tsar. He The Russians did have a seaboard to the did not have much talent or ability, but his north, inside the Arctic Circle, but it was house would rule Russia until 1917, when closed by ice for many months every year. his heir Nicholas II was forced to give up the English sailors were looking for new ways to throne. the East. They found Russia while looking for a northeast route to China. The English began to trade with Russia on this icy northern route.