Cover page: 17th century engraving by Pieter Jacobsz van Laer of Haarlem, The designations dit Bamboccio, (1599-1642), representing a livestock farm employed and the presentation of material in in the Latium region of Italy this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Organisers Title of the Series: ICAR Technical Series concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its Title of the Volume: Physiological and technical aspects of machine milking authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its Editors: A. Rosati, S. Mihina & C. Mosconi frontiers or boundaries. Publisher: ICAR, Villa del Ragno, Via Nomentana 134, 00162 Rome, Italy All rights reserved. No part Responsible for ICAR Technical Series: Cesare Mosconi of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a ISSN: 1563-2504 retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or ISBN: 92-95014-03-0 by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the In the same series: copyright owner. Applications for such •K.R. Trivedi (Ed.), International Workshop on Animal Recording for permission, with a statement of the purpose Smallholders in Developing Countries, Anand (India) 20-23 October and the extent of the 1997. I.T.S. no. 1. reproduction, should be addressed to the ICAR, •T. Vares, M. Zjalic & C. Mosconi (Eds), Cattle Identification and Milk Villa del Ragno, Recording in Central and Eastern European Countries, Warsaw Via Nomentana 134, 00162 Rome, Italy (Poland), 23 August, 1998. I.T.S. no. 2. •S. Galal, J. Boyazoglu & K. Hammond (Eds), Developing Breeding Strategies for Lower Input Animal Production Environments, Bella (Italy) 22-25 September 1999. I.T.S. no. 3. •B. Moioli, J. Mäki-Hokkonen, S. Galal & M. Zjalic (Eds), Animal Recording for Improved Breeding and Management Strategies for Buffaloes, Bled (Slovenia) 16-17 May 2000. I.T.S. no. 4. •T. Vares, F. Habe, M. Klopcic & D. Kompan (Eds),The Role of Breeders' All the manuscripts are Organisations and State in Animal Identification and Recording in CEE published under the Countries, Bled, Slovenia, 15 May 2000. I.T.S. no. 5 responsibility of each Author. ICAR is in no way •H. Simianer, H. Täubert & K. Küttner (Eds), Beef Recording Guidelines: responsible for the opinion A Synthesis of an ICAR Survey, I.T.S. no. 6 expressed by each Author. All the above publications can be downloaded from the ICAR home page: www.icar.org The International Committee for Animal Recording (ICAR) wishes to express its appreciation to the Ministero per le Politiche Agricole e Forestali and to the Associazione Italiana Allevatori for their valuable support of its activities. ICAR would like to express its appreciation to Slovak Association of Milking Technology in Rovinka, Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra and Faculty of Agricultural Egineering of Slovak Agricutural University in Nitra. Physiological and Technical Aspects of Machine Milking Proceedings of the International Conference held in Nitra, Slovak Republic, 26-27 June 2001 Editors: A. Rosati, S. Mihina & C. Mosconi November 2001 The organisers of the meeting want to thank the following companies for their financial support of the venue. Main patronage DeLaval s. r. o. Vajnorská 142 Farmtec Slovakia s.r.o. 831 04 Bratislava Hlohovská 2 Tel.: 07/444 545 36 Fax: 07/444 599 17 DAIRYMASTER, 949 01 Nitra Slovak Republic Causeway, Co. Kerry Tel./Fax.: 087/6 546 456 Ireland Edmond Harty tel:+ 353-66-7131124 fax: + 353-66-7131670 ICE’S AGROSTAR s.r.o. Banícka 47 Chocholná - Velcice 268 Patronage 902 01 Pezinok 913 04 Slovak Republic Tel.: 0831 6484428 Tel./Fax.: 0704/640 46 85 Tel./Fax: 0831 6484505 Tel.: 0704/640 17 13 BAUER/AGROMILK SLOVAKIA Konecná 8 949 08 Ivanka pri Nitre tel.: ++421 903 723 558 Mvdr. Németh Ladislav Macov 61 930 32 FONS Slovakia Slovak Republic Kocovská 3, Sponsors Tel./Fax.: +421/709/559 87 07 (Office: Dominika Štubnu 9) 915 01 Nové Mesto nad Váhom Tel.: ++421 834 7710 324 Fax.: ++421 834 7714 321 Lely Industries N.V. Agromont v.o.s., Nitra Weverkade 10 Juzná 7 3155 PD Maasland 949 01 Nitra The Netherlands Slovak Republic MEVAK a.s. Tel: +31-10-5996333 Tel.: +421 87 77 201 41-2 Biovetská 32, Fax: +31-10-5996444 Fax.: +421 87 77 205 38 949 91 Nitra E-mail: [email protected] tel.: ++421 87 6512255 fax.: ++421 87 6516818 Agroservis spol. s r.o. Bochemie SLOVAKIA Hadovská cesta 6 Moštenická 3 945 01 Komárno 971 01 Prievidza Slovak Republic Slovak Republic Tel.: 0819/7740 556 Tel.: 0862/54 26 324, Fax: 0819/7740 555 54 22 988 Table of Content Foreword ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 The activities of ICAR ............................................................................................................................. 3 A Rosati Technical developments in machine milking and their application in Slovak conditions .... 11 S. Mihina & J. Lobotka The Dutch Quality System for milking machine maintenance .................................................... 19 K. de Koning & P. Huijsmans Physiology of milk let-down during machine milking .................................................................. 27 V. Tancin, D. Schams, S. Mihina & R.M. Bruckmaier The effects of machine milking on teat condition ........................................................................... 33 F. Neijenhuis, K. de Koning, H. Barkema, & H. Hogeveen Measurements of vacuum stability conditions in mid-level and low-level milking units .................................................................................................................... 41 E. O’Callaghan Comparative study of physiological responses of cows to classical versus automatic system of milking ..............................................................................................49 P.G. Marnet, H. Aupetit , J.F. Combaud, J. Portanguen & J.M. Aubry Effects of liner buckling pressure and teat length on pulsation chamber a- and c-phases ................................................................................................ 55 H. Worstorff & E. Bilgery Differential staining of milk somatic cells and the udder health ................................................ 61 L. Pongrácz & J. Iváncsics Comparison of different diagnostic measures to identify bovine mastitic quarters at milking time ................................................................................................... 63 V. Kroemker, J. Hamann, N.T. Grabowski & F. Reinecke Evaluation of milking routine by using LactoCorder in combination with cytobacterial analysis of the milk of Holstein Frisian ......................... 69 C. Rittershaus, H Seufert & W. Wolter The assessment parameters of the vacuum regulating device with reducing valve .......................................................................................... 75 J. Fryc, J. Los & R. Kukla The effect of milking device disturbance on SCC in milk of dairy cows ................................... 81 V. Foltys, K. Kirchnerová, Š. Mihina & P.Tongel I Milking variables in relation to teats preparation and unit attachment delay in cows ........................................................................................................ 89 H. Turki & S. Winnicki Milk recording in Germany ................................................................................................................. 97 H. Jürgens Influence of the duration of a and c phase of pulsation on the milking characteristics and on udder health of dairy cows .................................................... 105 P. Billon & V. Gaudin Vibrations and vacuum stability in milking equipment.............................................................. 113 D. Nosal & E. Bilgery Testing of vacuum during milking ................................................................................................... 119 L. Jepsen Vacuum fluctuation in short milk tube during peak milk flow ................................................. 125 D. Ryšánek, P. Olejník & V. Babák Automatic milking: Chances and challenges .................................................................................. 131 K. de Koning Automatic milking systems: Characterising the farms equipped with AMS, impact and economic simulations ........................................................ 141 P. Veysset, P. Wallet & E. Prugnard Designing the optimal robotic milking barn .................................................................................. 151 I. Halachmi, J.H.M Metz, A.A. Dijkhuizen & L. Speelman The effects of automatic milking with single box facilities on animal behaviour and milk performance on larger farms ...................................................... 159 R. Artmann Evaluation of somatic cell count under automatic milking conditions ..................................... 165 K. Barth Evaluation of milking parameters by quarter in an automatic milking system with modified milkmeters ............................................................................... 171 D. Ordolff The development of udder health of a dairy cow herd in an automated milking system .................................................................................................. 175 S. Pallas & K. Wendt Automatic milking systems: Udder health and milk flow profiles ........................................... 181 M. Petermann, W. Wolter, C. Rittershaus, B. Kloppert, H. Seufert