Index A Ϫ Widmark’s formula 61 Angiography 178, 252, 367 Aspergillosis 507 Aagenaes type 233, 665 Alcohol dehydrogenase 62, 94, Angiolipoma 760 AST (GOT) 96 Abdominal baldness 80, 86 523 Angiomyolipoma 760 Asterixis 274 Abdominal wall varices 256 Alcohol injection, percutane- Angiosarcoma 793 Asteroid bodies 764 Abdominoscopy 149 ous 784, 801 Anorectal varices 256 Atransferrinaemia 618 Abetalipoproteinaemia 599 Alcoholic fatty liver 529 Antibiogram 304 Atrial natriuretic factor 293 Acamprosat 536 Alcoholic foamy degeneration Antibodies 117, 118, 237, 552, Atrophy, liver 78, 377 Acanthosis nigricans 619 530 679 Atrophy, testicular 86 Ϫ Accessory lobe 15 Alcoholic hyaline 525 antihistone 121, 524, 619 Australian antigen 113, 414 Ϫ Aceruloplasminaemia 618 Alcoholic liver disease 520 antinuclear 118, 657, 679 Autoimmune cholangitis 659 Ϫ Ϫ Ϫ Acetaldehyde 64 clinical features 529 antiribosomal P 654 morphology 660 Ϫ Ϫ Ϫ Acetic acid injection 784 diagnostic markers 534 granulocytes 121, 657 therapy 660 Ϫ Ϫ Acholic stool 240, 420 morphology 524 liver-kidney microsomes Autoimmune hepatitis 678 Ϫ Ϫ Aciclovir 465, 855 pathogenesis 527 119, 679 aetiopathogenesis 678 Ϫ Ϫ Ϫ Acid-base metabolism 59 therapy 536 liver membrane 119, 679 morphology 682 Ϫ Ϫ Acidophilic bodies 400 Alcoholism 521 mitochondria 120, 644 therapy 684 Ϫ Ϫ Acinus 9, 10, 22, 23 diagnostic markers 534 smooth muscle 117, 679 Autoimmune polyendocrine Ϫ Ϫ Acrodermatitis papulosa 84 physical dependence 520 soluble liver protein 120, syndrome 681 Ϫ Actin filament 27 psychological dependence 679 Azathioprine 650, 652, 685, Actinomycosis 482 520 Antidiuretic hormon 293 856 Ϫ Activity, enzymatic 110, 724 types 521 Anti-GOR 121, 443, 681, 700 Azotaemia 326 Ϫ histological 121, 695 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 64, Antioxidants 67, 68, 537 Azure lunulae 613 Ϫ immunological 121 524 Antipyrine test 96 Aldolase 94 Antiquity 2 Ϫ mesenchymal 110, 112, 724 B Acute fatty liver, pregnancy Aldolase A 778 Antithrombin III 105, 345 Ϫ 589 Aldosterone 292, 293 concentrate 347 Bacterial cholangitis 639 Acute heart insufficiency 827 Aldosteronism 267, 270, 293 Antral vascular ectasia 348, Bacterial infections 361, 380, Acute leukaemia 812 Alemtuzumal 817 736 383, 731 Acute liver failure 376, 550 Algorithmic diagnostics 121 Apolipoproteins 44, 526, 535 Bacterial pathogens 474 Acute viral hepatitis 112, 404, Alkaline phosphatase 101 APOLT 387, 876 Bacterial peliosis hepatis 398 413 Allgoewer-Burri index 399 Apoprotein B 599 Bacteriocholia 577, 638, 639 Ϫ history 413 Allopurinol, test 594 Apoptosis 21, 230, 400 Balloon dilatation 659, 832 Ϫ morphology 414 Alpha-antichymotrypsin 593 APUD cells 21, 794 Balloon tamponade 358 Addiction memory 520 Alpha-antitrypsin 591, 665 Arenavirus 468 Ϫ Linton-Nachlas 358, 359 Addictive substances 523 Alpha-foetoprotein 106, 444, Arginine deiminase 786 Ϫ Sengstaken-Blakemore 358, Adefovir 704 778 Arias syndrome 221 359 Adenocarcinoma 789 ALT (GPT) 96 Aristoteles 6 Ballooned hepatocytes 395, Adenoma 132, 173, 180, 194, Alzheimer glia type II 269 Aromatic amines 569 525, 530, 546 548, 754 Amanita phalloides 378, 383, Aromatic amino acids 38, 267, Banti’s syndrome 247 Adenovirus hepatitis 467 571 729 BCLC classification 781 Adhesiolysis 152 Amantadine 444, 708, 855 Arsenic 173, 564, 569 Beef-like cells 476 Adhesion 151 Amino acids 38, 39, 267 Arterial ligation 315 Benfotiamine 536 Adrenalectomy 315 Ϫ aromatic 38, 267, 729 Arterial bruit 87 Bengal rose 131iodine test 110 Adult polycystic disease 664, Ϫ classification 38, 39 Arteriography 179 Benign recurrent cholestasis 761 Ϫ imbalance 267, 729 Arteriohepatic dysplasia 664 233 Adult Still’s disease 819 Aminopyrine 14C breath test Arterioportal fistula 246, 834 Benign tumours 409, 548, 752 Aerobilia 642 109 Arteriosclerosis 838 Ϫ classification 752 Aetiocholanolone fever 379, Ammonia 56, 107, 251, 266, Arthropathy 622 Benzpyrene 570 738 276, 859, 861 Ascaris lumbricoides 492 Berlin-blue reaction 50, 619, Aflatoxin 507, 565, 570 Ϫ detoxification 38, 57, 58 Ascites 7, 79, 131, 290, 381, 621 African iron overload 627 Ϫ glutamine cycle 58 733, 869 Beta blocker 359 African sleeping sickness 492 Ϫ metabolism 56 Ϫ bacterial peritonitis 302 Betaine 868 Agent orange 568 Ϫ neurotoxicity 56 Ϫ differential diagnosis 299, Bezafibrate 650 Alagille’s syndrome 664 Ϫ tolerance test 107, 725 301 Bicarbonate neutralization 58, Albumin 105, 308, 329 Amoebiasis 486 Ϫ lymph cysts 291, 292 59 Ϫ gradient 300 Ϫ abscess 193, 488 Ϫ lymph imbalance theory Ϫ acid-base metabolism 59 Alcohol 55, 59, 247, 520 Ϫ amoeboma 487 294 Ϫ metabolic acidosis 58 Ϫ abstinence 532, 536, 740 Amyloidosis 84, 477, 592 Ϫ overflow theory 294 Ϫ metabolic alkalosis 59 Ϫ abuse 520, 626 Anabolism 46 Ϫ refractory 310 Bifidum milk 279 Ϫ addiction 520 Anabolite 542 Ϫ sonography 131, 298 Bile 10, 37 Ϫ biochemical effects 522 Anamnesis 76 Ϫ surgical procedures 315 Ϫ canalicular 37 Ϫ blood concentration 61 Anasarka 289 Ϫ underfill theory 294 Ϫ ductular 37 Ϫ catalase 64 Anatomia Mundini 8 Ϫ vasodilation theory 294 Ϫ salts 36 Ϫ malate-aspartate cycle 63 Andersen’s disease 596 Asiaglycoprotein receptor 119, Bile acids 10, 35, 101, 236 Ϫ MEOS 63, 523 Androgens 46 679 Ϫ function test 101 893 Index Ϫ pool 36 Brimstone fibrosis 406, 479 Catalase reaction 67 Ϫ direct 183, 642 Bile drainage 642 Bromocriptine 281 Catechin 868 Ϫ indirect 183 Bile droplets 546 Bromopyruvate 786 Cat-scratch fever 398, 482 Cholangitis 638 Bile duct papillomatosis 763 Bromsulphthalein test 110 Caudate lobe 14, 16, 127, 130, Ϫ acute 640 Bile infarct 230 Bronchial varices 257 829, 830 Ϫ aetiology 639 Bile pigments, urine 110 Bronze diabetes 84, 617, 622 Cavernous haemangioma 174, Ϫ ascending 638 Ϫ urinary dipstick 100 Brown atrophy 588 177, 180 Ϫ autoimmune 659 Bile thrombi 229, 546 Brucellosis 480 Cavernous transformation Ϫ chronic 640 Bile-duct adenoma 763 B-symptomatology 816 130, 245, 835 Ϫ chronic non-suppurative de- Bilharziosis 496 Budd-Chiari syndrome 130, Cavography 183 structive 645 Biliary atresia 662 193, 249, 548, 570, 813, Cell death 400, 401 Ϫ descending 638 Biliary cirrhosis 646, 717, 721 814, 830 Ϫ programmed 400 Ϫ morphology 641 Ϫ Biliary hamartoma 763 clinical findings 830 Ϫ provoked 400 Ϫ parasitic 639 Ϫ Biliary leakage 158, 194 morphology 830 Cell hydrops 25, 210, 395, 525 Ϫ tuberculous 477 Biliary pneumonia 475 Budesonide 686 Cell nucleus 25 Cholate stasis 229 Bull’s eye phenomenon 135, Biliary steatorrhoea 240 Cellular polarization 21 Choledochal cyst 175 779 Biliary system 18 Cellular transport processess Cholehepatic shunt 36, 858 Ϫ Bunyavirus 468 biliferous ductule 18 69 Cholelithiasis 640, 657, 738 Ϫ Bupleurum 553, 705, 868 canaliculus 18 Celsus 6 Ϫ cholesterol-calcium pigment Ϫ Burkholderia pseudomallei cholangiole 18 Central hepatic vein 17, 22 640 Ϫ 482 choledochus 6, 18 Central hyaline fibrosis 407 Chole´mie simple familiale 221 Ϫ Bush pattern 780 common hepatic duct 18 Central vein lobule 22 Cholestasis 194, 228, 526, 533, Biliary varices 257 Butterfly sign 84, 647 Byler’s disease 234 Centrilobular perivenular fi- 546, 656 Biliorenal syndrome 642 brosis 407, 526 Ϫ bile acids 9, 10, 35, 101, Bilirubin 11, 33, 99, 217 Centrocytic lymphoma 818 Ϫ 236, 579 bilirubin-albumin complex C Cerebral functions 260, 264 Ϫ bile infarct 230 33 Cerebral oedema 379, 384 Ϫ bile lake 230 Ϫ conjugated 217 Caffeine elimination test 109 Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome Ϫ bile thrombi 229 Ϫ delta 34, 99, 217 CAGE test 534 234, 603 Ϫ biliary steatorrhoea 240 Ϫ direct 34, 99 Calcareous foci 765 Cerebrotendinous xanthoma- Ϫ bilirubinostasis 228 Ϫ indirect 34, 99 Calcium homoeostasis 402 tosis 599 Ϫ cholate stasis 229 Ϫ shunt bilirubin 33 Campylobacter colitis 481 Ceroid 397, 415, 588 Ϫ Bilirubinostasis 228, 229, 396 enzymatic markers 101, 236 Cancer umbilicus 796 Ceruloplasmin 50, 611, 614 Ϫ Bilirubinuria 100 feathery degeneration 230, Candidosis 507 Cestodes 497 Biliverdin 11, 33 236, 416, 546 Capacity for work 881 Chagas’ disease 492 Ϫ Bioartificial liver systems 386 Ϫ intrahepatic 229, 230 guidelines for evaluation Chameleon phenomenon 134 Ϫ Biotoxometabolite 52, 55, 63, liver cell rosette 229, 401, 882 Charcot’s triad 640 416, 682 377, 542, 565 Ϫ reduction in earning capac- Check-list 75, 77, 88, 552, 724 Ϫ malabsorption 240, 741 Biotransformation 52, 53, 236, ity 882 Chemical lesion 54, 55 Ϫ obstructive 228, 230 542 Capecitabin 801 Chemical substances 564 Ϫ pregnancy 232 Ϫ enzyme adaptation 54 Capillaria hepatica 493 Ϫ historical review 564 Ϫ pruritus 85, 232, 235, 241, Ϫ enzyme induction 55 Capillarization, sinusoidal 406, Ϫ morphology 566 650, 658 Ϫ enzyme inhibition 56 526, 720 Ϫ pathophysiology 565 Ϫ scratch marks 85, 232, 235 Ϫ fat-soluble substances 52 Capillary permeability 291 Ϫ glucuronidation capacity 53 Caput Medusae 87, 246, 256, Chemoembolization 785 Cholestatic course 416, 421, Ϫ water-soluble substances 52 834 Chemotherapy 786, 791 432, 448, 403 Bipolar probe 351 Carbamoyl phosphate 57 Chenodeoxycholic acid 35, Cholestatic syndrome 533 Black liver jaundice 223 Carbohydrate metabolism 40 599 Cholesterol 10, 35, 45, 102 Black tea 625, 705, 852 Ϫ glucolysis 41 Cherry red spots 354 Cholesterol ester storage 396, Blastomycosis 507 Ϫ gluconeogenesis 41, 46 Chiari’s disease 249, 833 598 Block surgery 363, 870 Ϫ glucose paradox 41 Chiari’s triad 830 Cholestyramine 233, 241, 650 Blood sample collection 91 Ϫ glucose pool 41 Chicken-wire fibrosis 406 Cholic acid 35 Body mass index 588 Ϫ glycogenesis 41 Chilaiditi syndrome 15, 78 Cholinesterase 103 Booster effect 113, 422 Ϫ glycogenolysis 41 Childhood fibropolycystic