Generation Performance in Sri Lanka 2012 (First Half) Prepared By : Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) Content Chapter 1 – Introduction 2 Chapter 2 – Energy Generation 3 Chapter 3 – System Peak Demand 6 Chapter 4 – Load Factor 6 Chapter 5 – Plant Factor 7 Chapter 6 – Running Plant Factor 11 Chapter 7 – Generation Cost 12 7.1 - Amount Paid in Excess of Capacity and Energy Charges 13 Chapter 8 – Comparison of Scheduled Dispatch and Actual Dispatch 14 Chapter 9 – Auxiliary Consumption 15 Chapter 10 – Availability Factor 15 Chapter 11 – Reservoir Storages 16 Chapter 12 – Conclusion 18 1 | P a g e [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) 1. Introduction During the first half of year 2012, maximum recorded electricity demand in Sri Lanka was 2146.4MW (excluding NCRE component) which is a slight low value compared to the maximum demand of 2163.1MW in year 2011. In order to attain this demand and to satisfy the electricity requirement in Sri Lanka, altogether 142 Grid connected power plants and 3 power plants in Jaffna peninsula with total installed capacity of 3277MW have been operated in the first half of 2012. Out of these power plants 25 have been owned and operated by Ceylon Electricity Board including 17 hydro plants, 7 thermal plants and 1 wind power plant. Upper Kotmale hydro power plant with 150MW was added to the national grid to enhance the generation capacity of CEB, during the first 6 months of 2012. Withal, 11 thermal power plants have been operated by Independent Power Producers (IPPs) and 109 renewable power plants have been operated by Small Power Producers (SPPs) including mini hydro plants, solar power plants, wind power plants and biomass power plants. 5 renewable power plants have been commissioned in the first half of 2012 to raise the generation capacity of the country. The chart below shows the existed installed capacities in MW of each type of power plants by the end of June 2012. Generation Capacity Mix in MW 270 CEB Hydro 841.5 1356 CEB Thermal-Oil CEB Thermal-Coal IPP Thermal 300 Renewable 509 This Generation Performance Report contains a summary of information and performance statistics of the generation units and electricity network in Sri Lanka for the first half of year 2012. All the index and other calculations in this report have been done based on the data received through Licensee Information Submission System (LISS) and details obtained from CEB Monthly Operational Data Reports. 2 | P a g e [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) 2. Energy Generation All grid connected generation plants sell their power to the only transmission licensee in Sri Lanka to deliver the power to the consumers through distribution licensees. The chart below shows the semiannual generation figures in 2012 in MWh. CEB CEB Thermal CEB Thermal IPP Renewable Total Hydro Oil Coal Jan 160,273 228,512 78,196 497,076 24,614 988,672 Feb 155,350 228,432 56,314 456,608 25,663 922,367 Mar 160,121 189,273 177,156 489,364 20,177 1,036,091 Apr 211,743 137,324 145,796 357,490 59,815 912,169 May 220,844 159,762 170,916 440,512 45,264 1,037,298 Jun 164,215 177,154 166,716 416,254 59,583 983,922 Total 1,072,546 1,120,456 795,095 2,657,305 235,115 5,880,518 Source :LISS The chart below shows the generation mix in Sri Lanka for the first six months of 2012. Electricity Generation Mix- First Half of 2012 4% 18.24% CEB Hydro CEB Thermal-Oil 19.05% 45.19% CEB Thermal-Coal IPP Thermal Renewable 13.25% 3 | P a g e [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) The chart below shows the generation mix in Sri Lanka for the first six months of 2011. Electricity Generation Mix-First Half of 2011 6.51% 26.91% CEB Hydro CEB Thermal-Oil 52.01% CEB Thermal-Coal 4.75% IPP Thermal 9.82% Renewable The chart below shows the monthly variation of generation mix in Sri Lanka during the first six months of 2012. Monthly Variation of Electricity Generation Mix MWh 500,000 450,000 400,000 CEB Hydro 350,000 CEB Thermal-Oil 300,000 CEB Thermal-Coal 250,000 IPP Thermal 200,000 Renewable 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 4 | P a g e [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) The following chart shows the daily variation of generation mix in Sri Lanka during the first six months of 2012. GWh Daily Variation of Generation Mix 40 35 30 25 IPP Thermal 20 CEB Thermal- Oil CEB Thermal- 15 Coal CEB Hydro 10 5 0 4-Jun 2-Apr 9-Apr 6-Feb 5-Mar 7-May 30-Jan 11-Jun 18-Jun 25-Jun 30-Apr 16-Apr 23-Apr 13-Feb 20-Feb 27-Feb 12-Mar 19-Mar 26-Mar 14-May 21-May 28-May Note: Daily generation data of renewable power plants was not available. Daily generation data of January was not available. 5 | P a g e [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) 3. System Peak Demand CEB System Control records the daily peak power demand of the country. Daily variation of country’s system peak demand during the first half of the year 2012 is depicted by the following graph. Peak Demand Variation 2012 MW 2300 2100 1900 1700 1500 1300 1100 900 700 500 4-Jun 2-Apr 9-Apr 6-Feb 5-Mar 7-May 30-Jan 11-Jun 18-Jun 25-Jun 16-Apr 23-Apr 30-Apr 13-Feb 20-Feb 27-Feb 12-Mar 19-Mar 26-Mar 14-May 21-May 28-May Note: NCRE contribution is not included for the peak demand. Daily demand data for the month of January was not available. 4. Load Factor Load Factor is an indicator which shows how steady an electrical load over time. It is simply the average load divided by the peak load in a system over a period of time. But normally load factor is calculated subjected to the produced energy according to the following formula. Calculated Load Factor for the total system for first half of year 2012 = 60.21% Load factor of any system must be tried to keep in its maximum by pulling down the concentrated maximum demand and shifting the loads to periods of otherwise low usage. Load factor maximization is essential in maintaining the security of supply of the countries in which, meeting the concentrated maximum demand is critical. Countries which have a flat load curve own a higher load factor. 6 | P a g e [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) Monthly Variation in Load Factor 68.00% 66.00% 64.00% 62.00% 60.00% 58.00% 56.00% 54.00% 52.00% 50.00% Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Sri Lanka has a load curve with a steep peak in the night, where starting from about 6.00 pm the load grows to about 2,000 MW by 7.30 pm and starts falling off after about 08.30 pm. Therefore the system must be comprised a substantial additional generation capacity only to meet that abrupt sharp night peak; hence the load factor in Sri Lanka is comparatively low. As a solution for that, CEB has introduced a three tier tariff plan for the industrial electricity consumers with low off peak rates and penal peak rates to smoothen the daily peak load and push some industrial activities to low demand hours, and this time-of-day tariff scheme is expected to be facilitated for the domestic consumers as well in near future. Note: Load Factors were calculated excluding NCRE component of the system 5. Plant Factor The plant factor of a power plant is the ratio of the actual energy output of the power plant over a period of time to its potential output if it had operated at full nameplate capacity the entire time. Plant Factors vary greatly depending on the type of power plants and it is calculated according to the following formula. 7 | P a g e [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) Calculated plant factors for all grid connected power plants in Sri Lanka during the first half of the year 2012 are listed below. CEB Hydro Inginiyagala 53.98% Randenigala 21.88% Upper Kotmale 12.52% Old Laxapana 34.84% Ukuwela 21.74% Canyon 12.40% Kukule 29.21% Victoria 19.42% Kotmale 9.62% Rantambe 28.00% Samanala 18.41% Nilambe 7.75% Polpitiya 27.20% Wimalasurendra 15.64% Bowatenna 3.32% New Laxapana 23.48% Udawalawe 14.72% CEB & IPP Thermal Plant Factors of thermal power plants are listed below in the order of calculated unit cost for the first half of year 2012. Power Plants in Jaffna Peninsula have been shown in a different colour. 1 Puttalam Coal 60.68% 10 Asia Power 84.39% 2 Sapugaskanda 2 85.60% 11 Nothern Power 53.70% 3 Sapugaskanda 1 69.86% 12 Westcoast 73.17% 4 Heladanavi 84.24% 13 KPS CCY 67.23% 5 ACE - Matara 98.29% 14 AES - Kelanitissa 53.51% 6 ACE - Embilipitiya 75.06% 15 KPS GT7 47.90% 7 Colombo Power - Barge 96.51% 16 Aggreko Chunnakam 47.00% 8 ACE - Horana 113.41% 17 Chunnakam 9.69% 9 Lakdhanavi 57.87% 18 KPS(Small) GT 12.86% CEB Wind – 8.7% 8 | P a g e [Generation Performance in Sri Lanka] 2012 (First Half) SPP Kalugala-Pitawala MHP 62.69% Gangaweraliya MHP 19.60% Kalupahana Oya MHP 11.76% Upper Ritigaha Oya Barcaple I MHP Maduruoya MHP 42.15% 19.43% 11.30% MHP Wee Oya MHP 42.14% Kehelgamu Oya MHP 10.38% Sithagala MHP 19.23% Badulu Oya MHP 40.28% Coolbawn MHP 9.71% Soranathota MHP 19.17% Rathganga MHP 39.63% Gurugoda Oya MHP 9.07% Minuwanella MHP 18.49% Upper Korawaka MHP 8.76% Lower Neluwa MHP 39.13% Labuwewa MHP 18.45% Aggra Oya MHP 8.60% Batatota MHP 34.93% Koswatta Ganga MHP 18.13% Atabage Oya MHP 8.43% Kotanakanda MHP 34.35% Way Ganga MHP 17.97% Lower Atabage MHP 8.18% Denawak Ganga MHP 33.71% Halathura Ganga MHP 17.77% Branford MHP 8.10% Rakwana Ganga MHP Hapugastenna - 2 MHP 33.56% 17.56% Watawala (Carolina ii) 8.00% Bogandana MHP 33.00% Carolina MHP 17.34% MHP Galaboda (Denawak Kudah Oya MHP Lower Hemingford MHP 32.81% 16.95% 7.57% Ganga) MHP Black Water MHP 7.41% Hapugastenna - 1 MHP 32.75%