Proposed Second Carriageway from Athi River to Ulu (A109) Road * Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study Public Disclosure Authorized DRAFT REPORT February 24, 2011 *This report includes the Athi River to Machakos Turn-Off section of the A109 road, which is proposed for financing by the World Bank. At this time, the World Bank is not funding the Machakos Turn-Off to Ulu section of the A109 road, although the environmental issues are similar. CAS Consultants Public Disclosure Authorized P. O. Box 67693 – 00200 Nairobi The Consultants have prepared this report in accordance with the instructions of their client for their sole and specific use. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1: PROJECT BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 8 1.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 8 1.2 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ................................................................................................................................ 8 1.3 STUDY OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE .................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 STUDY METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................. 9 1.4.1 The environmental and social impact assessment Team Composition ................................................. 9 1.4.2 Scoping and Screening ......................................................................................................................... 9 1.4.3 Data and Information Collection Methods ........................................................................................... 9 1.4.4 Stakeholder analysis ............................................................................................................................. 9 1.4.5 Rapid Assessment ............................................................................................................................... 10 1.4.6 Consultation and Literature Review ................................................................................................... 10 1.4.7 Public participation/ enlarged focus group discussions .................................................................... 10 1.4.8 Key informants Interviews .................................................................................................................. 10 1.4.9 Aspects to be assessed ........................................................................................................................ 10 1.4.10 Environmental Management Plan .................................................................................................. 12 1.4.11 ESIA Activities ................................................................................................................................ 12 1.5 ANTICIPATED STUDY CONSTRAINTS ........................................................................................................... 13 1.6 REPORTING .................................................................................................................................................. 13 1.7 STUDY EXPERTS .......................................................................................................................................... 16 CHAPTER 2: PROJECT AREA DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................... 18 2.1 GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION ......................................................................................................................... 18 2.2 CURRENT ROAD ALIGNMENTS .................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.1 Existing Status .................................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.2 Key Features on the Corridor ............................................................................................................ 18 2.2.3 Current Road Usage ........................................................................................................................... 18 Projected Traffic .............................................................................................................................................. 19 2.2.4 Encroachments ................................................................................................................................... 20 2.3 DESIGN CONCEPTS ...................................................................................................................................... 20 2.4 MATERIALS AND SOURCES .......................................................................................................................... 20 2.5 PROJECT ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................................... 21 2.6 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE AND COST ESTIMATE ................................................................... 21 CHAPTER 3: ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS .................................................................................................... 22 3.1 OVERVIEW OF THE ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................. 22 3.2 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................ 22 3.2.1 Alternative 1 ....................................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.2 Alternative 2 ....................................................................................................................................... 22 3.3 ALTERNATIVE SUITABILITY ........................................................................................................................ 22 CHAPTER 4: ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE CONDITIONS ................................................................... 23 4.1 GENERAL ROUTE OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................................... 23 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ......................................................................................................................... 23 4.2.1 Topography, Hydrology , Geology and Soils ..................................................................................... 23 4.2.2 Water Sources ..................................................................................................................................... 23 4.2.3 Climatic Conditions ............................................................................................................................ 23 4.2.4 Biodiversity .................................................................................................................................... 24 CHAPTER 5: SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BASELINE CONDITIONS ...................................................... 27 2 5.1 POSITION OF THE PROJECT AREA ................................................................................................................. 27 5.1.1 Administrative division ................................................................................................................... 27 5.2 POLITICAL UNITS ......................................................................................................................................... 27 5.3 SOCIO-CULTURAL ........................................................................................................................................ 27 5.4 LAND TENURE AND LAND USE ..................................................................................................................... 27 5.4.1 Settlement Patterns ......................................................................................................................... 28 5.5 HOUSING ...................................................................................................................................................... 29 5.4.2 Population profiles ......................................................................................................................... 29 5.4.3 Urbanization .................................................................................................................................. 30 5.6 STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................ 31 5.7 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................................ 33 5.7.1 Crop farming .................................................................................................................................. 33 5.7.2 Livestock farming ........................................................................................................................... 34 5.8 WELFARE INDICATORS ...............................................................................................................................