Astroparticle Physics R-ECFA Meeting, Wissenschaftszentrum, Bonn, May 9, 2014 Astrophysics Cosmology Astroparticle Physics in Germany Astro- Cosmic Rays particle High Energy Gamma Rays Physics Ultra High Energy Neutrinos Dark Matter Neutrino Mass Summary Particle Physics Christian Weinheimer – University of Münster Chair Committee for Astroparticle Physics in Germany KAT 1 APP in Germany: Universities Hamburg • 28 universities with about ´Bremen 90 professors, Hannover HU Berlin fully or partly devoted to Münster Fulda Potsdam APP Bielefeld Dortmund Bochum • Still growing field with new Wuppertal Dresden professorships, Köln Siegen e.g. recently at Erlangen, Bonn Aachen Frankfurt Jena Munich and Potsdam Mainz Würzburg • Large fraction of Darmstadt Young Investigator Heidelberg Erlangen Groups Karlsruhe Tübingen TU München Freiburg LU München 2 APP in Germany: Max Planck Institutes & Research Centers DESY, Hamburg of the Helmholtz DESY, Zeuthen Association MPI AEI Hannover MPI AEI Potsdam/Golm FZD Rossendorf MPIfR Bonn GSI Darmstadt MPIK Heidelberg KIT Karlsruhe MPIs München/Garching (MPA, MPE, MPP) • 2 (4) Research Centers of the Helmholtz Associtiation • 4 (6) Max Planck Institutes 3 Astroparticle Physics in Germany: • Cosmic rays (Pierre Auger Observatory, ..) • High energy gamma rays (H.E.S.S., MAGIC, CTA) • Ultra-high energy neutrinos (IceCube, ANTARES, KM3NeT) • typically Topics Low energy neutrinos large area (BOREXINO, JUNO) ground-based • Neutrino Mass telescopes (ECHo, GERDA, KATRIN, • Direct dark matter search European roadmap (CRESST, EDELWEISS, process EURECA, XENON, DARWIN)…) typically • in underground Nuclear Astrophysics laboratories to • Gravitational waves shield cosmic rays • and theory in all these topics ... Recommendations of the Comittee for Astroparticle Physics KAT 4 Astroparticle Physics in Germany: • Cosmic rays (Pierre Auger Observatory, ..) • High energy gamma rays (H.E.S.S., MAGIC, CTA) • Ultra-high energy neutrinos (IceCube, ANTARES, KM3NeT) • typically Topics Low energy neutrinos large area (BOREXINO, JUNO) ground-based • Neutrino Mass telescopes (ECHo, GERDA, KATRIN, see S. Schönert's talk • Direct dark matter search European roadmap (CRESST, EDELWEISS, see S. Schönert's talk process EURECA, XENON, DARWIN)…) typically • in underground Nuclear Astrophysics laboratories to • Gravitational waves shield cosmic rays • and theory in all these topics ... Recommendations of the Comittee for Astroparticle Physics KAT 5 Astroparticle Physics in Germany: • Cosmic rays (Pierre Auger Observatory, ..) • High energy gamma rays (H.E.S.S., MAGIC, CTA) • Ultra-high energy neutrinos (IceCube, ANTARES, KM3NeT) • typically Topics Low energy neutrinos large area (BOREXINO, JUNO) ground-based • Neutrino Mass telescopes (ECHo, GERDA, KATRIN, • Direct dark matter search European roadmap (CRESST, EDELWEISS, process EURECA, XENON, DARWIN)…) typically • in underground Nuclear Astrophysics laboratories to • Gravitational waves shield cosmic rays • and theory in all these topics ... Germany is involved in all major topics of Astroparticle Physics in a (co-)leading role Recommendations of the Comittee for Astroparticle Physics KAT 6 Cosmic accelerator e.g. active galactic nucleus AGN Source W. Hofmann/MPIK Germany: Aachen, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Siegen, Wuppertal Karl-Heinz Kampert – Pierre Auger Collaboration 8 Auger: some key results Karl-Heinz Kampert – Pierre Auger Collaboration 9 Plans for the Auger upgrade Karl-Heinz Kampert – Pierre Auger Collaboration 10 Other cosmic ray projects AMS II on ISS TUNKA JEM-EUSO Karl-Heinz Kampert 11 !öklökjkjöu High Energy Gamma Rays: H.E.S.S., MAGIC Rays: H.E.S.S., Gamma Energy High H.E.S.S.: galaktic plane in TeV gamma emission gamma TeV in plane galaktic H.E.S.S.: many new TeV gamma source gamma TeV new many Source: H.E.S.S. Collaboration,H.E.S.S. Source: arXiv:0907.0768 discovered → H.E.S.S. II adding a new very large telescope H.E.S.S. II: 28m diameter mirror Cherenkov telescope coincident observation Source: Christian Stegmann, H.E.S.S. Collaboration The world future of TeV gamma astronomy: CTA H.E.S.S. sources → gamma astronomy CTA prototype Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA CTA is on the Research Infrastructure Roadmap of the German ministery BMBF ! German groups in CTA: Universität Hamburg Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Humboldt University Berlin Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik TU Dortmund University Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universität Würzburg Universität Potsdam Universität Heidelberg Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Universität Tübingen Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA Werner Hofmann - CTA It is more like an observatory not an experiment For the first time in this field: open access ! Elisa Resconi - IceCube Ultra-high energy neutrinos at the south pole atthesouth neutrinos Ultra-high energy Elisa Resconi - IceCube Elisa Resconi - IceCube DecaCube , phased approach German groups: ANTARES: Erlangen KM3NeT: Erlangen, Tübingen, Würzburg Uli Katz – ANTARES, KM3NeT 20 Understanding the dark universe and the foundations of particle physics 21 Direct search for dark matter: cryogenic bolometers Klaus Eitel – EDELWEISS, EURECA German Groups in EURECA: Karlsruhe (KIT), TU Munich,Tübingen, Max Planck Institute for Physics Klaus Eitel – EDELWEISS, EURECA Klaus Eitel – EDELWEISS, EURECA Dark matter seach: liquid noble gas detectors XENON100 @ LNGS LNGS: 1.4km rock overburden (3700 mwe) passive shield: H20, lead, polyethylene, copper 62 kg active dual phase Xenon target German groups in XENON100/XENON1T: Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg University of Mainz, University of Münster E. Aprile et al., Astropart. Phys. 35 (2012) 573 XENON100: recent limits from direct WIMP searches E. Aprile et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 181301 E. Aprile et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 021301 XENON1T at LNGS • 100 times more sensitive than XENON100 -> world leading dark matter experiment • 1 m drift TPC with 2.4 ton (1 ton fiducial) LXe • 10 m water shield as Cherenkov Muon Veto • 100 x less background than XENON100 • Approved by INFN for installation at LNGS • Fully funded October 2013 • construction is fully running in LNGS Hall B • Science Data projected to start in 2015 • Sensitivity: 2 x 10-47 cm2 after 2 years of data Far future: DARWIN (mainly European-initialized experiment): Dark Matter experiment down to the ultimate limit (10-49 cm2 limited by solar and atmosph. neutrinos) Direct neutrino mass determination: the KATRIN experiment m( νe) sensitivity: 200 meV eport KATRIN Design R 70 m t FZKA 7090) Scientific Repor main spectrometer detector tritium pre windowless gaseous retention spectro- molecular tritium source meter system 1 0 m German groups in KATRIN: Karlsruhe KIT, Bonn, Fulda, Mainz, MPIK Heidelberg, Münster, Wuppertal KATRIN: commissioning of spectrometer & detector Timeline: 2014/2015: finish source & transport section 2016: start tritium data taking The KATRIN 148-pixel detector is smiling when being hit by electrons from 11 subsequent positions of the scanning photoelectron source Conclusions • Astroparticle physics is a very lively and growing field in Germany • Strong scientific and methodic links to particle and nuclear physics, particularly to non-accelerator particle physics • German groups are in (co-)leading roles in all major topics of astroparticle physics • More diverse field than particle physics, not located around one huge facility like CERN → some problems in funding • Community building: Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics HAP • Future projects (see also talk by S. Schönert): - cosmic rays: Auger upgrade - high energy gamma rays: CTA (major German APP project in the future) - ultra-high energy neutrinos: PINGU? (mass hierarchy), DecaCube?, KM3NeT? - dark matter: XENON1T, EURECA (with SuperCDMS?) - neutrino properties: GERDA phase II, KATRIN (both funded, starting soon) • Funding: federal ministery BMBF (Verbundforschung: 18 MEuro for 2011-2014, 2014-2017?), Helmholtz Association, Max Planck Society MPG, German Science Foundation DFG, various universities (state budget) 30.