Glossary Table of Contents A anino shadow bahay na bato stone house; anino ng pagkalunos architectural style during abenida avenue literally, shadow of the Spanish colonial aklatan library despair; desperation period aba exclamation of surprise aniya according to him/her bahura coral reef or wonder; so! ano what bakante vacant abay wedding sponsor ano-ano what bakanteng lote vacant lot abiso notice antukin always sleepy bakas traces abot-tenga ang ngiti apelyido last name/family bakas na bakas can be seen smiling from ear to ear name bakasyunan vacation house abuhin salt and pepper apo grandchild bakla gay man [refers to hair] apo sa talampakan great- balak plan/intention agila eagle great-grandchild balak mong lutuin plan to aksiyon action apo sa tuhod great cook alagad ng batas literally, grandchild balakang hips officers of law; refers to araw at gabi day and night balangkas outline police officers araw-araw everyday balatan peel alak wine Arayat a mountain in Luzon balat-sibuyas sensitive; alalahanin remember arkitektura architecture easily hurt ale/aleng used to address an armado armed baligtarin turn older woman artista actor balikan return alikabok dust asawa husband or wife balikat shoulder alimango crab asin salt balingkinitan has a small alipin slave at and waist alon wave atake sa puso heart attack balutin wrap alon-alon wavy atay liver banal sacred alta presyon high blood ate elder sister bandang around pressure awtor author bandera flag ama father ayaw umandar would not bango fragrant ama-amahan one who acts work or start banta threat like a father to you baon money/food one amain stepfather brings from home ambag contribute B bara-bara made without amihan northeast wind care anak child baba chin barangay smallest political anak na babae daughter babae woman unit in Philippine society (literally, child that is a babalutin will wrap barongbarong shanties woman/girl) baboy pork/pig baso glass anak na lalaki son (literally, bago before basta’t as long as child that is a boy/man) bago new Batas Militar Martial Law Ang ganda ganda! So bago magluto before batayan basis beautiful! cooking batayang mga bilihin basic ang mabuti ho siguro bagong huli freshly caught commodities perhaps it would be good bagoong fermented fish or batihin beat if… shrimp batuta truncheon ang nakapatay the person bagyo storm bawal forbidden who killed [the victim] baha floods bawang garlic Ang saya saya! So happy! bahay kubo house made of bawat each anghitin stinky bamboo and nipa bayan town/country/people 0044 IntermediateIntermediate TTagalog_Glossary.inddagalog_Glossary.indd 307307 111/28/141/28/14 22:00:00 PMPM 308 GLOSSARY baywang waist Friday D belo veil bolo native knife bibig mouth botika drugstore dagat ocean bibisita will visit braso arms dagdagan add bida hero/heroine/ bubong roof dahan-dahan slowly protagonist budburan sprinkle dahil because bigas uncooked rice bugaw pimp dahil sa/sapagkat because bigat heaviness buhay living/alive dahilan because bigla suddenly buhok hair dahon ng saging banana biglang-bigla suddenly bukal ng lakas literally, leaves bihira rarely wellspring of strength; daigdig world bilang two meanings: source of strength dala-dala being carried “number” and “as a” bukod-tangi unique dalaga single woman bilang ng kuwarto number bukongbukong ankle dalagita young single of rooms/bedrooms; note bulalo beef soup made using woman (early teens) that kuwarto can mean “a bones with marrow dalawang beses isang araw room” or “a bedroom” bulsa pocket twice a day bilasa putrescent/decaying/ bumaba get off daliri finger not fresh bumabangon gets up daliri sa paa toe bilis speed/fast bumagsak fell daloy flow bilugan round bumalandra laid across dambuhala huge bilugan ang mukha round- bumati greeted dapat should faced bumibili buying dati former binabalak planning bumula become frothy dekada decade binabasahan to read to bunganga mouth de-lata canned someone bungang-araw prickly heat detenidong politikal binabati congratulate bunso youngest child political detainees Binabati kita sa iyong buod summary de-uling uses charcoal kasal. I congratulate you buong araw all day dibdib chest on your wedding. buong buwan all month dibuho drawing Binabati kita sa iyong buong gabi all night digmaang bayan people’s pagtatapos. I congratulate buong linggo all week war you on your graduation. buong mag-anak the whole dikdikin pound Binabati kita! family di-makabasag pinggan Congratulations! buong pangalan full name prim and proper; fragile binalaan warned buong taon full year looking binata single man buong umaga all morning dinumog was flocked binatikos criticized bus bus diputado congressman/ binatilyo young single man butlig cyst-like growth on congresswoman; also (early teens) the skin deputy binhi seedling buwanang hulugan direktor director binti leg monthly payments disenyo design binubugbog being beaten buwan-buwan every month diskuwento discount up buwis tax diyabetes diabetes binubulaga used metapho- doon na nga lamang then… rically; surprised by just there binubungkal being C dos siyentos two hundred cultivated dumaraing complains Birheng Maria Virgin champorado rice soup with dumiretso go straight Mary chocolate dumiskarte devise a way bisikleta bicycle dumulog appealed bituka intestines duwag cowardly biyahe trip dyipni jeepney Biyernes Santo Good 0044 IntermediateIntermediate TTagalog_Glossary.inddagalog_Glossary.indd 308308 111/28/141/28/14 22:00:00 PMPM GLOSSARY 309 habang buhay hindi mo masisisi cannot be E habambuhay forever blamed hakbang steps hindi na maabot cannot be edad age halamang gamot medicinal reached eksperimental plants hindi namamalayan experimental halang ang bituka a person without noticing; have not ekspresyonistiko with no moral compass been noticing expressionistic haluin mix hindi pa nakararating elementarya elementary hanay ranks reach embahada embassy hanggang sa balikat hindi pagtanggap not engkuwentro encounter shoulder-length accepting ensalada salad hanggang sa puwet hiniling requested eskinita alley reaching up to one’s hinimatay fainted eskuwelahan school backside [refers to hair] hinimay flaked estasyon ng pulis police hanggang sa/hangga’t hinlalaki thumb station until hintuturo index finger estatwa statue hangin wind/air hipon shrimp etnisidad ethnicity hanguin mula sa tubig hita thigh remove from water/liquid hiwa cut hanguin mula sa kawali hiwa ng baboy cut of pork G remove from the pan hiwain cut/slice harap/harapan in front of hiwain nang pahaba slice gaano kahaba how long higop gulp lengthwise gaano kalayo how far hihimitayin will faint hugis-puso heart-shaped gaano katagal how long hika asthma hukbo army galaw movement himagsikan revolution hulugan periodic payments gawa ng because himayin to dissect; analyze; humaharap facing gayatin dice/ shred also used to mean “to humangos rushed gilagid gums break up in small pieces” humapon perched gilid side hinahambalos pummeling humikab yawned giniling na karne ground hinambalos hit with humuhugot draws from meat extreme force; usually huni chirping ginugunita remembering right and left with a stick hurno oven girian facing off hinarang blocked huwag do not gisa sauté hinatak/hinila pulled gisado sautéed dish hindi no giting valor hindi inaasahan not I gradwadong pag-aaral expected graduate school hindi kaaya-aya unpleasant ibaba down gramo gram hindi kagandahan not too ibabad marinate gula-gulanit torn beautiful ibabaw above gulay vegetables hindi kailanman never ibon bird gulo commotion hindi kalakihan not too ibuhos pour gumawa made big idinaos was held gumigising wakes up hindi maidudulot cannot igiit insist gusto likes/wants be given iginapos tied gutom hunger hindi makahinga cannot iginigiit insists on breathe igisa sauté hindi matanggihan could ihain serve H not refuse ihawin grill hindi matatawaran ikinalulugod makes me haba length literally, cannot be pleased habagat south wind discounted; means ikinalulungkot makes me habang while “exemplary” sad 0044 IntermediateIntermediate TTagalog_Glossary.inddagalog_Glossary.indd 309309 111/28/141/28/14 22:00:00 PMPM 310 GLOSSARY ikinasa was started isang beses isang araw kalamnan muscles ilagay put once a day kalan stove ilagay sa cast put in a cast isip mind kalbo bald ilalim below iskultor sculptor kaldero pot ilang isyu certain issues iskultura sculpture kalesa horse-drawn carriage iling shaking of the head isda fish kaligtasan safety ilong nose isla island kalingkingan little finger ilubog immerse istorya story kalye street impeksiyon infection itaas up kamag-anak relative ina mother itatayo will be built kamanyang incense inaanak godchild itik duck kamatis tomato inahin stepmother itim black kamay hands ina-inahan one who acts itinalaga assigned/ kampana bells like a mother to you established kangkong water spinach inanod was carried by the itinatag formed kanin cooked rice flow of water itsura looks like kanser cancer inihagis was thrown iwan leave kantidad quantity inihanda prepared iwasan avoid kanto corner; also used inihaw grilled dish when referring to iniibig loves; used only “blocks” for the “beloved” or the K kapag if, when country kung if, when iniirog loves/adores kaagad at once kapakanan welfare; benefit iniisip thinking Kaano-ano mo si… What is kapal thickness iniligtas saved your relation to… kapamilya of the same inirarasyon rationed kabado nervous family interesante interesting kabataan youth kapanganakan date of birth inumin [accent on the kabayanihan heroism kapangyarihan power second syllable] drink kabisera town center kapatid sibling ipaabot tell; literally, reach kabiyak