Bacterial Species Acinetobacter baumannii [1-3] Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae causes infection in pigs [4] Bacillus cereus [5, 6] B. thuringiensis [7-9] B. weihenstephanensis [6] Brucella melitensis [10] B. suis [10] Burkholderia ambifaria [11] B. cenocepacia [12] B. cepacia [13] B. mallei [10, 14] B. oklahomensis [15] B. pseudomallei [10, 15] B. thailandensis [15] Campylobacter jejuni [16] Coxiella burnetii [17] Cronobacter sakazakii human pathogen [18] Enterobacter cloacae [19] Enterococcus faecalis [20] E. faecium [21] Escherichia coli [22-24] Francisella tularensis [10, 25] Helicobacter pylori [26] Klebsiella pneumoniae [27, 28] Lactobacillus acidophilus [29] Legionella gormanii [30] L. pneumophila [31, 32] Listeria monocytogenes [33-36] Proteus mirabilis [37, 38] Pseudomonas aeruginosa [38-42] Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium [43] Models tested in G. Mellonella Bacterial Species (Contd.) SalmonellaTyphimurium [44] Serratia marcescens [45, 46] Staphylococcus aureus [47, 48] Stenotrophomonas maltophilia [49] Streptococcus pneumoniae [50, 51] S. pyogenes [52] Taylorella species [53] Vibrio anguillarum [54] Xenorhabdus nematophila [55, 56] Yersinia enterocolitica [57] Yersinia pestis [57] Y. pseudotuberculosis [57, 58] Fungal Species Aspergillus flavus [59] Aspergillus fumigatus [60, 61] Aspergillus terreus [62] Candida africana [63] Candida albicans [64-69] Candida glabrata [69] Candida krusei [69, 70] Candida metapsilosis [71] Candida orthopsilosis [71] Candida parapsilosis, [69, 71] Candida tropicalis human pathogen [69, 72] Conidiobolus coronatus insect pathogen [73, 74] Cryptococcus gattii human pathogen [75] Cryptococcus neoformans human pathogen [76-78] Models tested in G. Mellonella Fungal Species (Contd.) Fusarium [79] Fusarium oxysporum [80] Histoplasma capsulatum Human pathogen [81] Madurella mycetomatis plant pathogen [82] Metarhizium robertsii [83] Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii [84] Paracoccidioides lutzii human pathogen [81] Penicillium marneffei human pathogen [85] Pneumocystis murina [86] Rhizopus [87] Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [68] Scedosporium aurantiacum, [88] T. asteroides [89] T. inkin [89] Trichosporon asahii, [89] Virus’ Bovine herpes simplex virus-1 (BHSV-1) [90] densonucleosis virus [91] Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 [92] iridovirus [91] mycovirus [93] Nodamura virus [94] Tipula iridescent virus TIV [95, 96] Nematode Parasites Steinernema carpocapsae [97, 98] Models tested in G. Mellonella Toxins Aspergillus fumigatus (Fumagillin) [99] Bacillus cereus [5] Bacillus Thuringiensis (Cry9) [100, 101] Beauveria bassiana [102] Beauveria bassiana, (Bb70p) [103] Conidiobolus coronatus (coronatin-1) [74] Enterococcus faecalis [104] Hirsutella thompsonii [105] Photorhabdus luminescens (PirA2B2 ) [106] Pseudomonas aeruginosa [107, 108] Pseudomonas fluorescens (Fit toxin ) [109] Serratia marcescens [46] Vibrio cholera e (cholera toxin) [110] Xenorhabdus bovienii [111] Xenorhabdus budapestensis (HIP57) [112] Xenorhabdus species (XeGroEL) [113] 1. Hornsey M, Phee L, Longshaw C, Wareham DW: In vivo efficacy of telavancin/colistin combination therapy in a Galleria mellonella model of Acinetobacter baumannii infection. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013, 41(3):285-287. 2. Wand ME, Bock LJ, Turton JF, Nugent PG, Sutton JM: Acinetobacter baumannii virulence is enhanced in Galleria mellonella following biofilm adaptation. J Med Microbiol 2012, 61(Pt 4):470-477. 3. 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Giannouli M, Palatucci AT, Rubino V, Ruggiero G, Romano M, Triassi M, Ricci V, Zarrilli R: Use of larvae of the wax moth Galleria mellonella as an in vivo model to study the virulence of Helicobacter pylori. BMC Microbiol 2014, 14:228. 27. Wand ME, McCowen JW, Nugent PG, Sutton JM: Complex interactions of Klebsiella pneumoniae with the host immune system in a Galleria mellonella infection model. J Med Microbiol 2013, 62(Pt 12):1790-1798. 28. Insua JL, Llobet E, Moranta D, Perez-Gutierrez C, Tomas A, Garmendia J, Bengoechea JA: Modeling Klebsiella pneumoniae pathogenesis by infection of the wax moth Galleria mellonella. Infect Immun 2013, 81(10):3552-3565. 29. Vilela SF, Barbosa JO, Rossoni RD, Santos JD, Prata MC, Anbinder AL, Jorge AO, Junqueira JC: Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 inhibits biofilm formation by C. albicans and attenuates the experimental candidiasis in Galleria mellonella. Virulence 2015, 6(1):29-39. 30. Chmiel E, Palusinska-Szysz