Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories A joint initiative of the ETH domain and Swiss Federal Offices Transport Services Data v2.0 (2007) Michael Spielmann Christian Bauer Roberto Dones Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen Matthias Tuchschmid ESU-services Ltd., Uster ecoinvent report No. 14 Villigen and Uster, December 2007 Project "ecoinvent data v2.0" Commissioners: Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (BAFU - FOEN), Bern Swiss Federal Office for Energy (BFE), Bern Swiss Federal Office for Agriculture (BLW), Bern ecoinvent Board: Alexander Wokaun (Chair) PSI, Villigen Gérard Gaillard, Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station, ART, Zürich Lorenz Hilty, Empa, St. Gallen Konrad Hungerbühler, ETHZ, Zürich François Maréchal, EPFL, Lausanne ecoinvent Advisory Council: Norbert Egli, BAFU, Bern Mark Goedkoop, PRé Consultants B.V. Patrick Hofstetter, WWF, Zürich Roland Högger, öbu / Geberit AG, Rapperswil Christoph Rentsch, BAFU (until January 2006) Mark Zimmermann, BFE (until July 2007) Institutes of the ecoinvent Centre: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ) Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (Empa) Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station (ART) Participating consultants: Basler & Hofmann, Zürich Bau- und Umweltchemie, Zürich Carbotech AG, Basel Chudacoff Oekoscience, Zürich Doka Life Cycle Assessments, Zürich Dr. Werner Environment & Development, Zürich Ecointesys - Life Cycle Systems Sarl. ENERS Energy Concept, Lausanne ESU-services Ltd., Uster Infras AG, Bern Software Support: ifu Hamburg GmbH Project leader: Rolf Frischknecht, ecoinvent Centre, Empa, Dübendorf Marketing and Sales: Annette Köhler, ecoinvent Centre, Empa, Dübendorf Transport Services Authors 2007, v2.0: Michael Spielmann, Christian Bauer, Roberto Dones, Matthias Tuchschmid Authors 2003, 2004: Michael Spielmann, ETHZ-UNS Thomas Kägi, ETHZ-UNS Philipp Stadler, ETHZ-UNS Reviewer: Thomas Kägi, Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station (ART) (2007) Niels Jungbluth (2003, 2004, 2007) Contact address: ecoinvent Centre Empa P.O. Box CH-8600 Dübendorf http://www.ecoinvent.org/ [email protected] Responsibility: This report has been prepared on behalf of one or several Federal Offices listed on the opposite page (see commissioners) and / or the ecoinvent Centre. The final responsibility for contents and conclusions remains with the authors of this report. Terms of Use: Data published in this report are subject to the ecoinvent terms of use, in particular paragraphs 4 and 8. The ecoinvent terms of use (Version 2.0) can be downloaded via the Internet (www.ecoinvent.org). Liability: Information contained herein have been compiled or arrived from sources believed to be reliable. Nevertheless, the authors or their organizations do not accept liability for any loss or damage arising from the use thereof. Using the given information is strictly your own responsibility. Citation: Spielmann, M., Bauer, C., Dones, R., Tuchschmid, M. (2007) Transport Services. e- coinvent report No. 14. Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories, Dübendorf, 2007 © Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories / 2007 ecoinvent report No 14 Acknowledgement Acknowledgement ecoinvent v2.0 The author would like to thank, Natascha Kljun and Christoph Schreyer (INFRAS) and Bart Van Her- bruggen (Transport & Mobility Leuven) for providing background information and knowledge. Also, we thank Thomas Kägi for the review of the report and original data files. Acknowledgement ecoinvent v1.0 Our thanks go to the reviewer Niels Jungbluth from ESU-services for his useful comments. We would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Roland W. Scholz and Peter de Haan (ETH-NSSI) for their su- pervision of the work. The following individuals contributed to the study by providing data, information or expert knowl- edge, or by helping in other ways: G. Doka, Doka Ökobilanzen, Zürich Switzerland.. R. Dones and Th. Heck, PSI, Villigen, Switzerland. R. Frischknecht, ESU-Services, Uster, Switzerland.. A. Giannouli, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.. M. Halder and H. Schwarz und Deutsche Bahn AG, Bahn Umweltzentrum, Berlin. R. Hischier, EMPA, St. Gallen. H.J. Althaus und D. Kellenberger, EMPA, Dübbendorf, Switzerland H. Jenk, BUWAL, Bern, Switzerland.. M. Keller and P. de Haan, INFRAS-Bern, Switzerland. W. Knörr, Ifeu-Heidelberg, Germany.. H. Kuppelwieser, SBB, Bahn Umweltzentrum, Bern, Switzerland.. D. Peter and C. Schreyer, INFRAS-Zürich, Switzerland. W. Schweimer, Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg, Germany.. H. Stram, Masterplanung, uniqueairport, Zürich, Switzerland.. S. Stühler, MAN-Nutzfahrzeuge AG, München, Germany ecoinvent report No 14 Summary Summary Freight transport occurs between nearly any two process steps of a product system and often is of ma- jor importance for a product life cycle. In addition, passenger transport services e.g. for business and service trips are of growing interest for Life Cycle Assessment studies. Comprehensive life cycle in- ventories (LCI) of various means of transport are available from Frischknecht (1996)and Maibach (1999). Within the framework of ecoinvent 2000 projects, these data have been extended, updated and harmonised. The main objective of transport modelling in ecoinvent is to provide background data for transport services in order to complete a variety of product life cycles. Generic background data have been gen- erated for four modes of transport (air-, rail-, road- and water transport) to account for environmental interventions due to the transportation between two process steps of a product system. The data repre- sent average transport conditions in Switzerland and Europe. In order to quantify environmental exchanges of transport services and relate transport datasets to other product life cycles, the environmental exchanges are related to the reference unit of one tonne kilometre [tkm]. A tonne kilometre is defined as the transport of one tonne of goods by a certain trans- port service over one kilometre. Passenger transport data is expressed in passenger kilometres [pkm]. Each mode of transport is further separated into sub-groups, referred to as transport services, using several criteria such as geographical operation (e.g., rail transport), vehicle size (e.g., road transport) and transported goods (e.g., water transport). Transport services are divided into several datasets, so- called transport components. In addition to vehicle operation (comprising vehicle travel and pre- combustion), infrastructure processes such as vehicle maintenance, manufacturing and disposal as well as transport infrastructure construction, operation and disposal are also modelled. ecoinvent report No 14 New, Updated and Corrected Datasets in ecoinvent data v2.0 New and Updated Transport Datasets in ecoinvent v2.0 The ecoinvent data v2.0 contain new and updated life cycle inventories of transport systems based on fossil fuels and biofuels as well as life cycle inventories of electric railway transport systems. This re- port contains the inventories and documentation of fossil fuel-based and railway transport services, while biofuel-based transport services are documented in (Jungbluth et al. 2007). Fossil fuel-based and railway transport services Comprehensive life cycle inventories (LCI) for various transport services (road, rail, water and air) have been produced within the framework of ecoinvent v1.1 by Spielmann (2004). Within the frame- work of ecoinvent v2.0, data the focus is the extension and update of road transport datasets. In addi- tion the figures for Swiss rail transport have been updated and some datasets representing the rail transport of coal in China and the USA have been added. In the tables below the updated and new datasets are presented. Tab. 1: Datasets for Freight Transport Services in Europe (RER) Dataset name Location Category Sub-Category Unit Status operation, lorry 3.5-7.5t, EURO3 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry 3.5-7.5t, EURO4 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry 3.5-7.5t, EURO5 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry 7.5-16t, EURO3 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry 7.5-16t, EURO4 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry 7.5-16t, EURO5 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry 16-32t, EURO3 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry 16-32t, EURO4 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry 16-32t, EURO5 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry >32t, EURO3 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry >32t, EURO4 RER transport systems road vkm new operation, lorry >32t, EURO5 RER transport systems road vkm new transport, lorry 3.5-7.5t, EURO3 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry 3.5-7.5t, EURO4 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry 3.5-7.5t, EURO5 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry 7.5-16t, EURO3 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry 7.5-16t, EURO4 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry 7.5-16t, EURO5 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry 16-32t, EURO3 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry 16-32t, EURO4 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry 16-32t, EURO5 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry >32t, EURO3 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry >32t, EURO4 RER transport systems road tkm new transport, lorry >32t, EURO5 RER transport