CHAPTER 4 PROFILE OF NORTH MAHARASHTRA 4. 1 Introduction: Profile of Maharashtra The state of Maharashtra is one of the largest state in India. The Indian state of Maharashtra came into existence on 1st May 1960. It is the second state in India in whole of India with respect to population and area wise. As per the census the land area covered by the state of Maharashtra is three lakh eight thousand sq.km. The state has the overall population of 112,372,972 as per 2011 census report. The state covers approximately 9.5 % share of total population of India. Maharashtra continues to be one of the fastest growing states of the Indian union with acceleration in its growth process sustained largely by the secondary and mostly by tertiary sector. Map 4.1 Map of Maharashtra Source: www.marathizataka.blogspot.co updated 2016 77 4.1.1State boundaries The state of Maharashtra is surrounded by the Arabian Sea in the West, Gujarat in the North west, Madhya Pradesh in the in the North, Andhra Pradesh in the Southeast and Karnataka and Goa in the south. 4.1.2 State Capital The state capital of Maharashtra is Mumbai. It is the financial capital of our country. Most of the major corporate offices, head offices are situated in the purview of Mumbai. Almost all the major traders and marketers, Industrial head offices are in and around Mumbai. The financial Institutions largest share is in Mumbai. The country’s Stock exchange and the capital market and commodity exchanges are located in Mumbai. 4.1.3Structural Base of Maharashtra There are in all 35 districts in the state contributing to the formation of Maharashtra. Out of these they are further divided into six Administration revenue divisions, which includes; Aurangabad, Amravati, Konkan, Nagpur, Nashik and Pune.For the management of the local area in the remote, village and in rural areas, there exist 27993 Gram Panchayats having 355 panchayat samitis included in 33 Zilla Parishads. The urban areas are governed through Twenty three Municipal Corporations, Two hundred twenty two Municipal Councils, four Nagar Panchayats and seven Cantonment Boards. 1 4.1.4 Level of Literacy The literacy rate is higher in the state of Maharashtra. The state ranks 12th amongst the al, states with literacy rate at 82.9percent.The position and scenario of literacy is remarkably good in the state. The literacy rate is 83 percent. The male literacy contributes 90 percent whereas the female literacy rate is at 76 percent as per the 2011 census (provisional). 2 78 4.1.5 Economic Growth of Maharashtra Income as a criteria, gives Maharashtra the second position in the economic growth aspect. When measured by Income, Maharashtra maintains its second position in terms of per capita income. In the year 2008 and 2009 the per capita Net state domestic product (NSDP) at current prices was about 46 percent more than the all India average. Graph 4. 1: Growth Performance of Maharashtra Source: Maharashtra Human Development report 2012. Maharashtra has maintained and retained its tempo of accelerated growth from its very inception. The NSDP grew at an annual rate of 2.5 percent in 1960s to 7.5 percent in 2000. Its total NSDP demonstrated 76 percent. The growth has always been positive. The growth profile across sectors reveals that the state continues to maintain its previous record of dominance of nonagricultural sector in terms of growth rate and size with periodic declines in the agricultural growth. 4.1.6 Sectoral Annual Growth Performance of Maharashtra The sectors considered for the growth performance includes the primary, secondary and the tertiary. The accelerated growth indicates that the secondary and tertiary sector accounts a major portion of growth. The agricultural sector of Maharashtra has shown a mean annual rate of 5.2 79 percent, the industrial and the service sector has shown the growth of 7.6 percent and 8.6 percent respectively during the period between 1999-2000 to 2008 -10. The increase in the contribution of industry i.e secondary and the tertiary sectors shares to be more pronounced.3 Graph 4. 2 Sectoral distribution of NSDP Source: economic survey 2012-13 Source: economic survey2012-13 A more in-depth look at the figure no 4.2 indicates that the sectoral composition of growth shows that the primary sector which constitutes agriculture , fishing and the forestry have shown a poor growth performance with a declining income originating from these sources. On the other hand the secondary sector and the tertiary sector have grown at a faster pace. The tertiary sector which includes banking and service sectors have grown at a double digit rate. 4.1.7 Operative Industrial and working population 4 The composition of workers in 2001 indicates that the proportion of main workers to total population in the state decreased from 39.3 percent in 1991 to 35.9 percent in 2001. However, the proportion of marginal workers to total population, which was 3.7 percent in 1991, increased substantially (6.6 percent) in 2001. The proportion of main workers to total workers, which was 91.4 percent in 1991, declined to 84.4 percent in 2001. 80 Maharashtra has been in the forefront in sustaining industrial growth and in creating environment conductive to industrial development. Investment – friendly industrial policies, excellent infrastructure and a strong and productive human resource base have made it a favored destination for manufacturing, export and financial service sectors. The advance estimate of Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) is expected to grow .Industry sector is expected to grow by 15.1 percent and Services sector is expected to grow by 24 percent during the year . 4.1.8 Divisions of Maharashtra Table 4.1: Table showing the classification of Divisions of Maharashtra Division Head Name of the Name of the Name of the quarter Districts Region Largest city And included specialisation Amravati Amravati Akola Vidharba Amravati Division Amravati Buldana Yavatmal Washim Auragabad Aurangabad Aurangabad Marathwada Aurangabad Division Beed Jalna Latur Nanded Parbhani Hingoli Konkan Mumbai Mumbai konkan Mumbai Division Palghar Thane Raigad Ratnagiri Sindhudurg 81 Division Head Name of the Name of the Name of the quarter Districts Region Largest city And included specialisation Nagpur Nagpur Bhandara Vidharba Nagpur Division Chandrapur Gadchiroli Godia Nagpur Wardha Nashik Nashik Ahmednagar Khandesh Nashik Division Dhule and North Jalgaon Maharashtra Nandurbar Region Nashik Pune Pune Kolhapur Pashchim Pune Division Pune Maharashtra Sangli Satara Solapur Source: district industry centre, satpur, Nashik 4.2 North Maharashtra According to the sentiments of political structure, historically and geographically, Maharashtra has five main regions; the Konkan region, the khandesh and North Maharashtra region, the Marathwada region, the Paschim Maharashtra region and the Vidharbha region. The zone of North Maharashtra is on the verge of development. Geographically North Maharashtra region is very large. It consists of five major districts; 1. Ahmednagar District 2. Dhule District. 3. Jalgaon District 82 4. Nandurbar District 5. Nashik District North Maharashtra come under the restricted geographical spread of economic development. Nashik, Jalgaon, Nandurbar, Ahmednagar are the fastest growing quarter as per the human development report. The spatial dimensions of the growth process reflects that poorer districts such as Dhule have grown faster than the state as a whole. Table 4.2Talukas under the districts of North Maharashtra District No of Talukas Talukas Ahmednagar- 14 Akole, Jamkhed, Karjat, Kopergaon, Nagar, Nevasa, Parner, Pathardi, Rahata, Rahuri, Sangamner, Shevgaon, Shrigonda and Shrirampur Dhule 04 Dhule, Shirpur, Sindkheda and Sakri Jalgaon 14 Chopda, Erandol, Pachora, Bodwad, Jamner, Yawal, Chalisgaon, Amalner, Dharangaon, Bhusawal, Raver, Muktainagar, Parola, and Jalgaon Nashik 15 Nashik, Dindori, Igatpuri, Trimbkeshwar, Chandwad, Peth, M Baglan(Satana), Malegaon, Surgana, Nandgaon, Niphad, Sinnar, Deola, Kalwan, and Yeola Nandurbar 06 Shahada, Nandurbar, Navapur, Taloda, Akkalkuwa and Dhadgaon (Source: en.m.wikipedia.org) North Maharashtra region has been a neglected area from the point of view of development. State Government has declared the huge development plan for North Maharashtra recently. Huge amount is being sanctioned by the authorities for the development of all the five districts of the region. 83 The purpose of this is to make certain a balanced and harmonized development of the region. Predominantly an agriculture region, the importance of the development plan has been mainly on irrigation, agriculture, industrial development, roads, river-linking, health and tourism and while, nearly one-third of the total outlay has been kept aside for irrigation and other water needs of the region. 4.2.1 Sector wise District Income in North Maharashtra: District Income of Primary Sector in North Maharashtra at Current Prices is shown below: Graph 4.3Graph showing Sector wise District Income in North Maharashtra (Source: Economic and Social Survey 2016-17) 84 The above graph shows that there is continuous growth in gross District Value added at current prices in all the districts in North Maharashtra. Graph 4.4 Graph showing Per Capita District value at Current Prices (Amount shown in Crores) (Source: Economic and Social Survey 2016-17) The above graph shows the continuous growth in per capita district value in current prices of all the districts of North Maharashtra except Nandurbar which has shown down trend in the year 2014-15, but again it has increased in the year 2015-16. 4.2.2Industrial Scenario of North Maharashtra Out of 20 Industrial Estates from North Maharashtra Nashik district is at top rank with 6 industrial estates, Ahmednagar district have 5 industrial estates. Dhule and Jalgaon have 4 industrial estates each and at last Nandurbar district is with only one industrial estate. For the development of trade and industry in Nashik division, the state cabinet has further decided to set up a terminal market at the cost of Rs 60 85 crore, set up a farm pack houses, multi product processing project in Nashik, Nandurbar and Dhule districts.