Basic Workshop أت ارش 1 Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Measuring Instruments Measuring Instruments Indirect measuring Direct measuring devices devices Caliper Vernier Caliper Radius Gauge Micrometer Plug Gauge Vernier Bevel Protractor Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices ا-,+ ذات ار() Vernier Caliper A measuring tool for taking inside and outside measurements Measuring Range 0 –100, 0 –125, 0 –150,0 –200, ….. .ensiti ity 0.1, 0.05, 0.02 mm Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices 11 2utside 3aws : used to measure external length 21 Inside 3aws : used to measure internal length 31 Depth probe : used to measure depth 81 Main scale (cm) 51 Main scale (inch) 61 Vernier (cm) 71 Vernier (inch) 81 Retainer : used to block/release movable part Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Reading the Vernier .cale Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Reading the Vernier .cale Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Reading the Vernier .cale Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Reading the Vernier .cale Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Vernier inside Vernier gauge Depth gauge Vernier outside • Range 0 – 100, 0 – 125, 0 - 200 mm gauge • .ensitivity 0.1, 0.05, 0.02 mm Vernier long outside gauge Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Vernier Beight gauge • Range 0 – 300, 0 – 500 mm • .ensitivity 0.1, 0.05, 0.02 mm Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices EFamples 38 C 0.60 D 38.6 mm 37 CD0.86 37.86 mm Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices اGJKو+Micrometer H A tool for taking outside, inside, and height measurements. Measuring Range 0 – 25, 25 – 50, 50 – 75, …….. .ensitivity 0.01 mm Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Reading the Micrometer The rim of the thimble is divided into 50 parts, which gives a reading of 0.01 mm. the barrel is marked in millimetres and ½ mm divisions, so that when we take a reading we add the number of hundredth indicated on the thimble to the millimetres and ½ mm uncovered on the barrel. Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Reading the Micrometer A = 7.00 mm B = 0 mm C = 38 x 0.01 = 0.38 mm A C B C C = 7.0 + 0 + 0.38 = 7.38 mm A = 7.00 mm B = 0.5 mm C = 22 x 0.01 = 0.22 mm A + B + C = 7.00 + 0.50 + 0.22 = 7.72 mm Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Types of Micrometers Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Types of Micrometers Micrometers with prismatic measuring faces Measure test pieces with an uneven number of grooves such as milling cutters, taps, and drills as well as odd polygons Micrometers with .mall Measuring Oaces For measuring grooves, feather grooves, splines and other difficult to reach measuring points Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Types of Micrometers Micrometers with two spherical measuring faces Rounded measuring faces for measuring concave surfaces Micrometers for gear pitch measurement Flanges with ring-shaped measuring faces for root tangent lengths on gear pitches, distance between grooves and slots. Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Types of Micrometers Micrometers for Thread Measurement Used for pitch diameter inspection-Anvil with adjustable holder for mounting a measuring insert with prismatic faces . Depth Micrometers With interchangeable measuring rods provided in sets. The rods are adjusted in steps, each with a step length of 30 or 25 mm. Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Exercises Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Exercises Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Angles Measurements A tool used to measure angles. The sliding blade is connected to a Vernier scale, The main scale is divided up into degrees from 0 to 90 each way. Range4×0-90. Degree (°) = 60 min (′60 ) Sensitivity = 5 min Minute (`) = 60 second (′′ 60 ) Degree (°) = 3600 second (′′ 60 ) Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Angles Measurements اS-TK) اPlate Protractor (PQR اS-TK) اWKرV) اCombination .quares (+U Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Angles Measurements اS-TK ذات ار() Vernier Bevel Protractor A tool used to measure angles. The sliding blade is connected to a Vernier scale, the main scale is divided up into degrees from 0 to 90 each way. Range 4× 0 -90 . Sensitivity 5 (minutes) = 1/12 ° × 60 = 5 minutes Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Angles Measurements اS-TK ذات ار() Vernier Bevel Protractor Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Angles Measurements Reading the Bevel Protractor Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Angles Measurements اS-TK ذات ار() Vernier Bevel Protractor EFercise Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Angles Measurements اS-TK ذات ار() Vernier Bevel Protractor EFercise Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Direct Measuring De ices Angles Measurements اS-TK ذات ار() Vernier Bevel Protractor EFercise Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Indirect Measuring De ices Try .quare Care should be taken to ensure that its blade is perpendicular to the surface being tested. Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Indirect Measuring De ices Try .quare Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Indirect Measuring De ices Inside and outside caliper A tool used in measuring inside and outside diameters. When the tool has been adjusted, the diameter may be read from a rule or Vernier caliper. Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Indirect Measuring De ices Plug thread gauge A tool used for testing the accuracy of holes. Plug gauges are usually made double-ended for checking two dimensions. Radius gauge A tool used for testing concave and convex corners. Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Indirect Measuring De ices Telescoping Gauges • Used to measure inside cylinders. • Allow “T” gauge to extend to inside opening • Lock shaft • Measure with micrometer Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Indirect Measuring De ices Oeeler Gauge Wire Gauge A tool used for testing the space between two surfaces Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Indirect Measuring De ices 36 Dial Indicators The dial indicators or dial gauges are generally used for testing flatness of surfaces and parallelism of bars and rods. They are also used for testing the machine tools. Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Measuring De ices 37 Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh .pecifications and .tandardiYation The primary aim of modem manufacturing is to produce product of high quality. In producing high quality products, all components must be manufactured in accordance with the specifications Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh .pecifications and .tandardiYation .pecifications Specifications used in manufacturing include: .iYe, Location, .urface finish, Material.. etc. If the product is used as a component in other products or by various manufacturers, the specifications become a standard for that particular item. For example , a bolt can be manufactured having any number of threads, diameters and pitches. If a bolt’s specifications meet their particular needs, other manufacturers may want to produce it. In order for the bolt to be interchangeable with a nut, the thread sizes must be compatible. Hence, this particular thread specification becomes standardized throughout the industry Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh .pecifications and .tandardiYation .tandardiYation Standardization is the act of conforming to standard, which is established by authority as" a fixed rule or measure. Standards are established in the fields of products, materials, processes, equipment and procedures by National and International Organization such as: International .tandards 2rganiYation (I.21. British .tandards 2rganiYation (B.21. German Industria1 .tandard (DIN1. American National .tandards Institute (AN.I1. In modem industry it is essential to follow some code of standards in order to ensure the ability to interchange products between different manufacturers on the one hand, and between different countries on the other Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Dimensions and Tolerances An engineering drawing of a manufactured part is intended to convey information from the manufacturer and inspector. It must contain all information necessary for the part to be correctly manufactured. It must enable the inspector to make a precise determination of whether or not the parts are acceptable. Drawings must convey three essential types of information: • The materials to be used. • The dimensions of the part. • The shape of the part Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh Dimensions and Tolerances It is difficult to produce any part to an exact dimension. For example it is very difficult to produce bars having a length of exactly 80 mm.