A tourist hotel run by farmers in suburban Wuxi. Trying out a traditional waterwheel. A bird's-eye view of Lake Toihu and the city con be had from the top of the pagoda on Luding Hill. j. SPOTLiqHT Tourist Boom in Wuxi Wuxi, situated in the middle of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta, used to be a trade and commercial centre in southern Jiangsu Province. But now it has become a flourishing tourist resort with exhileratingmountain scenery, lakes and numerous sites of historical interest. Photos hy Jin Yaowen and Xu Xiangjun Overseas tourists get a taste of A trip by boat on the Grand Canal imperial life putting on clothes worn gives one a feel for the lifestyle and by emperors and empresses. customs of local people. iWD(iW VOL. 29, NO. 45 NOV. 10, 1986 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK See-saw in Regional Conflicts CONTENTS • The Reagan Administration is pursuing a policy of regional NOTES FROM THE EDITORS conflict in an attempt to push back Soviet advances made in the Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Message 1970s. The Kremlin is responding with flexible and cautious For Today tactics to consolidate its gains. But the basic pattern of their relations—confrontation combined with negotiations — EVENTS/TRENDS 5-9 remains unchanged (p 14). Condolences on the Death of Marshal Ye Peace. Keynote of Hcrmannsson's Continued Dialogue After Reykjavik Vi.sit Graxi"s China Visit Stresses • An examination of US-Soviet relations since the Reykjavik Friendship summit: the causes of tension and the reasons for their Vice-Premier Tian Visits ASEAN continued dialogue (p 10). INTERNATIONAL 10-13 Sun Yat-sen Insfrires His Successors US-Soviet Relations; Twists And Turns After the Summit -lapan: New Trends in Its Relations • On the 120th anniversary of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's birth, With USSR NOTES FROM THE EDITORS looks at Sun's advocacy of Mozambique: Defending Legacy of reform through revolution, opening to the outside world, and Late President preserving the country's unity. Inspired by Sun's spirit, Chinese IAEA: "We Must Have Nuclear Party and state leaders now propose a third CPC-KMT co• Energy' operation, advancing the formula "one country, two systems" for China's reunification (p 19). Regional Conflicts Between Two Superpowers 14 Contract System Fares Well in Anyang For Your Reference: 'Socialist Culture & Ideology:' Its Development 17 • Anyang, one of the industrial cities selected to test the Sun Yat-sen: Initiator of China's contract labour system three years ago, has proved the system's Democracy 19 worth. Breaking the "iron rice bowl," it has encouraged hard Anyang: Contract System Benefits work and punished the lazy. It has introduced a healthy Workers and Enterprises 23 mobility of labour, and advanced the training of the city's Tlie Tujia People: A New Image 26 industrial workers (p 23). BUSINESS/TRADE 30-31 Economic Reforms Reach the Tujias BOOKS 32-34 COVER: Two Tujia girls discuss • Located in a remote region in Hubei Province, the Tujia brocade. national minority has long been neglected and is very Gao Mingyi backward. Nevertheless, the economic reforms have ca tight up with the Tujias. and amazing changes are now takine place (p 26). Published every AAondoy by Distributed by China intan«crtienai Subscrlptien pri««s (1 year): BEIJING REVIEW Trodins CorpcfwHon (GUOJI SHUOIAN), Awtnilki A.S 22.00 USA USS 22.00 24 Boiwanzhuang Road, Beijing P.O. Box 399, Beijing, CNna New Zaalami... NZ.S30.00 UK £1MI0 The People's Republic of China Cmda Can. S21.00 NOTES FROM THE EDITORS Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Message for Today by Our Special Commentator Wang QI ovember 12 this year is the ing of Confucian classics to school safeguarding the country's unity. N 120th anniversary of Dr. Sun children. As early as 1906, he noted that Yat-sen's birth. There is still At Sun's insistence, the provi• imperiahst powers are seeking to inspiration to be drawn from this sional constitution of the Republic devour China. If revolutionary great patriot and pioneer of of China included this significant forces are divided and fight each China's democratic revolution. ardcle: The sovereignty of the other, he asked, how would they Dr. Sun lived at a time when Republic of China belongs to all avoid causing subjugation of their China was being cruelly oppressed citizens. This was the first time in own country. Noble-minded pat• by feudal forces and covetously China's long history that such an riots have feared that China would eyed by imperialist powers. In the arficle was included in its _be carved up by outsiders. But hope of making China powerful constitution. These revolutionary definitely they could not succeed; and bringing peace and happiness and democratic decrees were not my fear, he said, is that the to its people, young Sun submitted implemented however. The provi• Chinese themselves become dis• a written statement to Li sional constitution enacted under united. It would then be Hongzhang, a Qing official in the guidance of Dr. Sun was impossible to save China. charge of diplomatic, military and overturned by northern warlord Dr. Sun asserted that China had economic affairs. In it he Yuan Shikai. But that progressive always been one nation since the advocated the goals of full spirit and Sun's courage inspired Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC). The realization of people's talents, full his contemporaries and successive Chinese nation did not tend to utilization of land and material generations to continue the split because of the powerful resources and an efficient system struggle for reform. centripetal force. for the circulation of goods. Sun After China's defeat in the After the 1911 Revolution, Sun soon realized, however, how futile Opium War, progressive Chinese repudiated the separationist ten• it was to expect a reform from the looked for truth from Western dencies of the warlords, saying corrupt Qing Court. He thus countries. Dr. Sun was one of the that it was utterly absurd. "Those turned to revolution. earliest. His footprints were found who advocate splitting China are in Europe, America and Japan, undoubtedly careerists." Determined throughout to whose social and political systems Today, people on the mainland transform China, Sun experienced he studied and where he delved of China are striving for material repeated failures that sapped his into the works of bourgeois modernization and an advanced energies, but he never lost heart. enlightement thinkers and early culture and ideology. All Chinese He fought on till his last gasp. socialists. He saw both the who love their motherland hope superiority of capitalism over the that there will be early peaceful After the Qing Court was feudal system and the social evils reunification between Taiwan and overthrown by the 1911 Revo• which capitalism itself entailed. the mainland. The leaders of the lution, Dr. Sun became president Therefore, while calling for the Chinese Communist Party and of the provisional government in establishment of a bourgeois state have repeatedly proposed a Nanjing. During his three-month republic, he built into his scheme third CPC-KMT co-operation. term of office, he promulgated measures to regulate capital and They have put forward the more than 30 decrees, including equalize land ownership. He concept of "one country, two the abolition of interrogation by considered communism "the best systems." These have gained torture and of corporeal punish• friend of 'the doctrine of people's increasing support from Chinese ment, the protection of people's livelihood.'" at home and abroad. We hope that equality, a complete ban on Dr. Sun maintained that the an early end will be put to the officials' bending the law for the world of today is open and no confrontation across the Taiwan benefit of their relatives or friends, country can prosper by closing its Straits and that dialogue will begin and the abolition of the feudal doors to the outside world. So to bring about friendly exchange hierarchic forms of address. These long as it keeps it sovereignty in of mails, trade and air and decrees also discouraged foot- its own hands, a country can use shipping services across the straits. binding, encouraged the cutting of foreign capital, professionals, At that point, we can boldly pigtails, and abolished the teach- technology and equipment witht proclaim to the world as our out fear. common cause: "Reunify the * The author is chief editor of the motherland and rejuvenate Tuanjie Bcio. organ of the Revolutionary As part of saving China, Dr. CommiMcc oflhc Kuomintanii. Sun consistently emphasized China." • 4 BEIJING REVIEW, NO. 45 China's top Party and government ieaders—Hu Yaobang, Deng Xiaoping, Zhao Ziyang, U Xiannian —pay their last respects to Marshal Ye Jianying on October 29. Condolences on the Death of Marshal Ye memorial meeting for Ye army officers attended the mem• their sorrow at Ye's death. A Jianying, the great proletarian orial service. Articles in honour of Ye Jian• revolutionary, was held on A memorial ceremony was also ying have been carried by the main October 29 at the Great Hall of the held on the same day in Chinese newspapers. Some were People in Beijing. Guangzhou, Guangdong Pro• written by government and army More than 5,000 soldiers and vince. Five thousand people from leaders, including Nie Rongzhen, civilians from across the country, all walks of life went to the hall of Xu Xiangqian and Xi Zhongxun. overseas Chinese and compatriots the provincial government to These articles recalled Ye's from Hong Kong and Macao tender their condolences on Ye's glorious life — his heroic deeds in gathered in Beijing to honour the death. In Ye's native town in war years and the important memory of Marshal Ye Jianying Meixian County, Guangdong contributions he made to the and pay him their last respects.