Name*:______________________________Email*____________________________ Affiliation*:_____________________________________________________________ *This information will remain strictly confidential, only needed for auditing purposes. Nominated City*: __Florianópolis__________ (Country:___Brasil_ __________) City Category*: Clustered Knowledge City Knowledge City-Region Knowledge Metropolis *Please use one MAKCi Nomination form for each nominated city. You can nominate as many cities as you like. Please make sure you nominate each city for one category only. 17 MAKCi Questions (They are grouped together according Supporting reasons and relevant information, documents and links (to be to MAKCi Framework capital provided/posted by expert) on the MAKCi Forum categories) 1. How distinctive and well positioned is the city’s identity (how valuable is the city’s brand and reputation)? (1. Identity). Florianópolis, is a port city, capital of Santa Catarina estado (state), of Southern Brazil. The city lies on the west coast of Santa Catarina Island. The first European settlement on the island was made in 1542 by Spaniards, but in 1675 control passed to the Portuguese, who established Desterro on the present city site in 1700. The settlement was given town status in 1726 and was raised to city rank in 1823. In 1893 the island was captured by revolutionaries who opposed the government of Brazilian president Floriano Peixoto. When the revolution collapsed, the city was renamed to honour the president. Central Florianópolis consists mainly of wharves, warehouses, and business establishments. This older harbour district is encircled by a modern residential section known as Praia de Fora, built on hill slopes. Florianópolis is the seat of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (1960) and Santa Catarina State University (1966), and points of interest include the Anthropological Museum, the San Jaqui Museum, and a cathedral that dates to 1750. Florianópolis also has two substantial football (soccer) stadiums. (The editors, s/f) Carijós Indians of the nation Tupi-Guarani were the first inhabitants of Florianópolis area. The traces of its presence are verified through archaeological sites and sambaquis dating up to 4000 years ago. The Indians called the place Meiembipe or "mountain along the channel". Around 1514 the Portuguese landed and gave the area the name Ilha dos Patos, but in 1526 it was renamed Ilha de Santa Catarina (Santa Catarina Island). The area supplied the vessels that went to Bacia da Prata. The official settlement of the island began in 1673 with the arrival of bandeirante Francisco Dias Velho's agricultural company and it continued in 1678 with the construction of a chapel consecrated to Nossa Senhora do Desterro. At this time a villa began to take form, slowly becoming a colonial settlement. To guarantee its domain the Portuguese Crown elevated Santa Catarina Island to the category of village in 1714 with the name of Nossa Senhora do Desterro and already in 1726 they promoted it again, now to the category of town. MAKCi Nomination Form © 2006 The World Capital Institute &Teleos 1 From this date on Vila do Desterro and mainly the port began to have a strategic function because it was situated halfway between Rio de Janeiro and Buenos Aires, possibly two of the largest seaside cities of South America at that time. For this reason in 1739 the Capitania da Ilha de Santa Catarina was created and Desterro became its capital. Soon the most expressive seaside defensive ring of Southern Brazil started to be built: Santa Cruz, São José da Ponta Grossa, Santo Antonio and Nossa Senhora da Conceição da Barra do Sul fortresses. With the coming of the Captaincy the population began to grow, but the great population growth happened between 1747 and 1756 with the arrival of about 6,000 settlers coming from the Archipelago of Azores and from Madeira Island. The development of the agriculture, the cotton and linen industry and the commerce followed the Azorean occupation. In 1823, still in the monarchic period, Desterro became the Capital of Santa Catarina Province opening a prosperity period with many urban works and also with an intense political organization. Regional elites not happy with the government centralization deflagrated Revolta Federalista (Federalist Revolt) at the beginning of the Brazilian Republic. The movement that started in Rio Grande do Sul spread to Santa Catarina and turned Desterro into the Federalist Capital of the Republic. The then president of Brazil, Marechal Floriano Peixoto, known as Iron Marshal, contained the rebellion and ordered the shooting of many people who were considered enemies of the state, in the Anhatomirim Island Fortress. Possibly to show loyalty to the marshal, 1893 saw the change of the state capital's name: from Desterro to Florianópolis, that is to say, city of Floriano. Today, though, the name Florianópolis has almost lost its association with the Marshall. In Florianópolis, the modern joins to the historical and both formed an alliance with the preserved nature composing full scenery of emotion and harmony. (Florianopolis, travel) Carijós Indians inhabited the area in and around Florianopolis from 2,000 BC onwards. At this time, this ancient settlement was named Meiembipe, which roughly translates as 'Mountain with Canal'. It was in the year of 1673 when things really took off here, following the arrival of Francisco Dias Velho, a wealthy pioneer, slave hunter and gold prospector, who arrived here from Sao Paulo with ambitions of founding his own community. He brought with him roughly 100 of his employees and together they colonised the island of Santa Cararina, farming the land. A chapel was built in Vila do Desterro and a settlement established, marking the origins of modern-day Florianopolis. The present-day Metropolitan Cathedral (Catedral Metropolitana) actually resides on a site of this earlier chapel from about this time and is a marker of Florianopolis history. It stands next to the Praca XV de Novembro and off the Rua Arcipreste Paiva, where it is especially celebrated for its ornate detailing, large pipe organ and stained-glass windows. The Portuguese declared it a village in 1714, and just 12 years later, it had grown so much that it was designated a town. The city considers its official date of founding to be 23rd March 1726, and this anniversary is celebrated every year with gusto. Fortresses were erected around the city and the island, to defend against potential attacks from the Spanish fleet. A couple were built not long after Desterro became a town, including the Fortaleza de Santo Antonio and the Fortaleza Sao José da Ponta Grossa, both of which were completed in 1740. The Fortaleza de Nossa Senhora da Conceicao made an appearance just two years later, while perhaps the most impressive is the Fortaleza Santana, which dates back to the early 1760s. By the early 1800s, Desterro had become relatively affluent and in 1823, it was awarded the status of Santa Catarina's provincial capital. The Church of Our Lady of the Rosary was completed not long after this, in the year of 1830, after taking more than 40 years to build. Post-Brazil independence, Desterro was eventually renamed to the historic city of Floriano, or Florianopolis. (Florianopolis History Facts and Timeline) The traditional inhabitants of the city were mainly from an indigenous community—the Carijós. Following the European arrival in the 16th century, a large proportion of the indigenous population died, and those who remained alive were held as slaves, and MAKCi Nomination Form © 2006 The World Capital Institute &Teleos 2 removed from the city. In 1738, Florianópolis started its urban development journey from the creation of the Captaincy of the Island of Santa Catarina (the main island where Florianópolis is located) due to its geostrategic military significance. This development was sped up by the Portuguese settlers exploiting opportunities for agriculture, manufacturing, and fishing. (Bernardinetti, et al. 2018) Source: The editors of encyclopaedia Britannica (s/f) Florianópolis. Recuperado de: https://www.britannica.com/place/Florianopolis Florianopolis travel: https://www.florianopolis.travel/history.html 2. How good is the city knowledge-based development strategy and the capability to enact it? (1. Identity). Florianopolis Identity: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652615010665 Florianopolis History Facts and Timeline, http://www.world-guides.com/latin- america/brazil/santa-catarina/florianopolis/florianopolis_history.html Portilho, A. (s/f) Tourism in Florianopolis, Brazil. Landscape Patrimony in the basis of a Sustainable Development. Departamento de Arquitectura e Urbano. Santa Catarina. Retrieved from: https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstream/handle/2099/12599/C_202_2.pdf 3. How good are the city’s strategic intelligence systems (e.g. does it have a Future Center or equivalent initiative?) (2. Intelligence). The project of health planning at the Primary Health Center Lagoa da Conceição, in Florianpolis Brazil emerged as a need to change a model of care assistance, based on the spontaneous demand and a limited scope in the practice of health (passive attitude) for a model of Family Health Strategy, with shares epidemiological data on a defined territory and organizations a supply of services, expanding the community's access to health services (pro-active attitude). (Conference Paper, 2009) For many tourist islands, the diversification of economic activities from tourism and