Duneira Garden and Grounds Conservation Management Plan and Landscape Master Plan prepared for the S.R. Stoneman Foundation Lee Andrews & Associates Heritage Consulting in conjunction with the National Trust of Australia (Victoria) March 2006 LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS .................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF PLANS...................................................................................................................... 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... 6 1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 8 1.1 Background and scope.................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Method............................................................................................................................ 9 2.0 CHRONOLOGY: HISTORY OF DUNEIRA ......................................................... 10 2.1 SEQUENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE GARDEN AND GROUNDS ................. 16 EXISTING CONDITIONS PLAN ....................................................................................... 20 3.0 PHYSICAL SURVEY AND ANALYSIS ..................................................................... 22 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 22 3.2 Site boundaries and overall layout................................................................................ 23 3.3 Fences and gates...........................................................................................................23 3.4 Roads, paths and steps................................................................................................... 25 3.5 Rock walling................................................................................................................. 26 3.6 Lawns ........................................................................................................................... 27 3.7 Garden beds and plantings............................................................................................. 29 3.8 Trees ............................................................................................................................. 35 3.9 Special garden zones ............................................................................................... 51 3.10 Garden buildings ........................................................................................................ 55 3.11 Garden furniture and ornamentation........................................................................... 63 3.12 Irrigation system.........................................................................................................65 3.13 Livestock .................................................................................................................... 66 3.14 Lost elements............................................................................................................... 67 3.15 Summary of elements and their rankings of cultural significance.............................. 68 5.0 ASSESSMENT OF CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE..................................................... 74 5.1 Historic value................................................................................................................ 74 5.2 Aesthetic value ............................................................................................................. 77 5.3 Scientific value .............................................................................................................. 80 6.0 DEVELOPING THE CONSERVATION POLICY..................................................... 86 6.1 Obligations arising from cultural significance ............................................................. 86 6.2 Client, owner and user requirements, aspirations and resources ................................... 86 6.3 Other requirements and concerns .................................................................................. 87 6.4 Condition of fabric ........................................................................................................ 87 6.5 Uses ............................................................................................................................... 88 6.6 Comparative information............................................................................................... 88 6.7 Unavailable information................................................................................................ 88 7.0 CONSERVATION POLICY.......................................................................................... 89 7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 89 7.2 Conservation of culturally significant fabric ................................................................ 89 7.3 Use................................................................................................................................. 90 7.4 Interpretation ................................................................................................................. 90 7.5 Management ..................................................................................................................90 7.6 New developments ........................................................................................................ 91 7.7 Adoption and review ..................................................................................................... 91 8.0 CONSERVATION GUIDELINES................................................................................. 92 8.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 92 8.2 Conservation of culturally significant fabric ................................................................ 93 8.3 Use................................................................................................................................ 97 8.4 Interpretation ................................................................................................................ 97 8.5 Management .................................................................................................................98 8.6 Future developments .................................................................................................... 99 8.7 Adoption and review .................................................................................................... 99 Lee Andrews & Associates Heritage Consulting 2006 2 9.0 CONSERVATION ACTIONS ..................................................................................... 100 9.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 100 9.2 Site boundaries and overall layout............................................................................... 100 9.3 Fences and gates.......................................................................................................... 101 9.4 Roads, paths and steps................................................................................................. 101 9.5 Rock walling................................................................................................................ 101 9.6 Lawns .......................................................................................................................... 102 9.7 Garden beds and plantings........................................................................................... 102 9.8 Trees ............................................................................................................................ 102 9.9 Special garden zones ................................................................................................... 103 9.10 Garden buildings and structures ................................................................................ 104 9.11 Garden furniture and ornamentation.......................................................................... 106 9.12 Irrigation system........................................................................................................ 106 9.13 Livestock .................................................................................................................. 107 9. 14 Lost elements........................................................................................................... 107 10.0 LANDSCAPE MASTER PLAN ............................................................................... 108 11.0 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................ 109 12.0 APPENDICES............................................................................................................. 113 EXISTING TREE LOCATIONS PLAN........................................................................... 114 12.1 Duneira Tree Report .................................................................................................. 115 12.2 Historic photographs ................................................................................................. 148 12.3 Historic plans............................................................................................................