RPF for Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) Public Disclosure Authorized RURAL ACCESS AND AGRICULTURAL MARKETING PROJECT (RAAMP) RESETTLEMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK Public Disclosure Authorized FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized Federal Project Management Unit (FPMU) Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development NAIC House, Plot 590, Zone AO, Airport Road, Central Area, Abuja Public Disclosure Authorized September, 2019 1 RPF for Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AFD French Development Agency ARAP Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan FPMU Federal Project Management Unit GIS Geographical Information System GPS Global Positioning System LGA Local Government Area NEEDS National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy NPIRD National Policy on Integrated Rural Development NPRTT National Policy on Rural Travel and Transport NTP National Transport Policy PAPs Project Affected Persons PMU Project Management Unit RAAMP Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project RAP Resettlement Action Plan RTTP Rural Travel and Transport Policy SEEDS State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy SPIU State Project Implementation Unit WB World Bank 2 RPF for Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Federal Government of Nigeria has initiated the preparation of the Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) the successor of the Second Rural Access and Mobility Project (RAMP-2). The project will be supported with financing from the World Bank and French Development Agency (AFD) and will be guided by the Government’s Rural Travel and Transport Policy (RTTP). The lead agency for the Federal Government is the Federal Department of Rural Development (FDRD) of the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD). The Federal Project Management Unit (FPMU) is overseeing the project on behalf of the FDRD, while the respective selected States Government will be responsible for the implementation of the project. The states participating in RAAMP are 13 including Kano, Katsina, Sokoto, Kebbi, Bauchi, Plateau, Kwara, Abia, Akwa Ibom, Kogi, Ogun, Oyo and Ondo. Project Components The project includes 4 components, namely: 1) Component A: Improvement of Rural Access and Trading Infrastructure. o Sub-component A.1: Major Civil Works. Support to major civil works: upgrading of rural roads and the construction of short-span (up to 15 meters) cross-drainage structures (culverts/bridges) on rural roads, and the physical improvement of the existing agro-logistics centers (rural markets); o Sub-component A.2: Consultancies and Supervision. Support to the supervision and consultancy costs linked to the civil works. 2) Component B. Asset Management, Agro-logistics Performance Enhancement and Sector Reform. o Sub-component B.1: Other Civil Works. Support the maintenance and spot improvement of rural roads; o Sub-component B.2: Support for Improving Agro-logistics Activities. Support to Agro-logistics performance enhancement activities. This will include support to farms and cooperatives to reduce post-harvest losses and support to the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) at the agro-logistics centers. The sub-component will proactively work to resolve issues faced by female entrepreneurs and market users. These activities will be identified through a targeted prior study, to be funded by the project; and o Sub-component B.3: Consultancies Studies and Supervision. This sub- component will provide technical assistance support to state-level road sector reforms activities, to the establishment of an asset management system, and to the design and supervision of civil works under the component. 3) Component C. Institutional Development, Project Management and Risk Mitigation. o Sub-component C.1: Institutional Development and Project Management. This sub-component will involve support to institutional development of the rural transport, trading infrastructure and agro-logistics activities, maintenance and management. It will also support project operating costs, technical assistance consultancies, training and study tours, project monitoring and 3 RPF for Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) impact evaluation activities. Preparation activities connected to any future rural transport and trading projects, including studies and technical assistance to incorporate new states within the proposed project, will be supported by the sub- component. o Sub-component C.2: Risk Mitigation and Resiliency. This sub-component will support project risk mitigation and resiliency activities, including sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA), gender, grievance redressal, rural road safety and climate resiliency of rural roads. 4) Component D. Contingent Emergency Response (US$0 million). The component will address any unforeseen emergency infrastructure needs following a natural disaster. The activities in Component A will focus on rehabilitation of rural access roads and construction of short-span (up to 15 meters) cross-drainage structures (culverts/bridges)in selected participating States to provide all-weather access to connect rural communities to local agricultural markets. The civil works activities might cause involuntary resettlement thereby triggering the World Bank operational policy 4.12 (Involuntary resettlement). Justification for Preparing RPF At this juncture, the appropriate instrument for addressing involuntary resettlement in the project is the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), because sufficient information about the exact nature of the works (engineering design) and specific road names and locations are not known. However, the participating states will need to prepare site specific Resettlement Action Plans (RAPs) or Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plans (ARAPs) when sufficient information and specific site engineering designs of the prioritized roads would have been known and ready. The Resettlement Policy Framework clarifies resettlement principles, organizational arrangements and design criteria to be applied during RAP/ARAP implementation. Sub-project resettlement plans consistent with the RPF will subsequently be submitted to the Bank for approval after specific planning information becomes available. It should be noted that the policy is designed to mitigate harm caused by displacement or land acquisition occurring in the process of RAAMP implementation. A RPF was previously prepared and disclosed in October 9th 2018. However, with the update to the Project components, the RPF has been revised to accommodate the changes (this includes changes to the participating states). Legal Framework for Land Acquisition The legal framework for land acquisition in Nigeria is the land use Act of 1978. The relevant World Bank operational policy (OP 4.12), which addresses land acquisition and involuntary resettlement was reviewed. The differences between the Land Use Act and the Bank’s OP 4.12 are mostly in rehabilitation measures, which are neither proscribed nor mandated in the Act. Thus, it is noted in this RPF that in the event of divergence between the two, the World Bank safeguard policy shall take precedence over Nigeria Land Use Act. Potential Impacts Positive and negative impacts on the targeted areas/communities are expected in the course of RAAMP implementation phase. On the positive side, RAAMP targets the vulnerable and poor areas and people therein. It is designed to contribute to positive social outcomes relating, for 4 RPF for Rural Access and Agricultural Marketing Project (RAAMP) example, to increased well-being, providing livelihood and food security for the overall populations in targeted areas and beyond. The World Bank resettlement policy, OP 4.12 is developed to ensure that the negative impacts of RAAMP development on people do not occur. And even if it does occur, the affected persons/people are commensurately compensated for their loss (of land, property or access). Grievance Redress Mechanism Project related grievances may adversely affect successful implementation of project. It is also common knowledge that using the court (judicial system) to determine all cases of grievances may take longer periods which would not be in the interest of the project. Therefore, a best proactive measure is to set up a grievance redress mechanism (GRM) that would be used to address and resolve complaints as much as possible without going to court. This RPF stipulates 2 levels at which aggrieved Project Affected Persons (PAPs) can channel their complaints for redress. It is however, the right of the PAPs to take a matter to the court of law as the final arbiter if he/she felt dissatisfied with the judgements obtained from the grievance redress committees set up by this project. PAPs shall be communicated early during RAP/ARAP public consultation and census about the existence of the GRM and sufficient information provided to them on the grievance uptake channels. This RPF requires that each participating state should clearly indicate in the RAP/ARAP report how PAPs were informed about the channels of grievance redress uptake. RPF Coordination and Implementation The Federal PMU shall have an oversight role, but actual resettlement planning and implementation shall be the States’ PMUs responsibility. Monitoring and evaluation In order to successfully complete the resettlement management as per the implementation schedule and compliance with the policy and entitlement framework,