Status of the tiger tooth croaker, Otolithes ruber (Schneider, 1801) and jinga shrimp, Metapenaeus affinis(H. Milne Edwards, 1837) stocks in Khouzestan coastal waters Item Type monograph Authors Eskandari, Gholamreza; Hashemi, S.A.; Taghavi motlagh, A.; Dehghan madiseh, S.; Mayahi, Y.; Albuobaid, S. Publisher Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Download date 07/10/2021 17:26:24 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/39797 وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﺞﻛ ﺸﺎورزي ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗ ﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر – ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه آﺑﺰي ﭘﺮوري ﺟﻨﻮب ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﻨﻮان : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻮرﻳﺪه و ﻣﻴﮕﻮي ﺳﻔﻴﺪ در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺠﺮي : ﻏﻼﻣﺮﺿﺎ اﺳﻜﻨﺪري ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ 42040 وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﭻ ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر - ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه آﺑﺰي ﭘﺮوري ﺟﻨﻮب ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺮوژه ﻃﺮح : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻮرﻳﺪه و ﻣﻴﮕﻮي ﺳﻔﻴﺪ در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻤﺎره ﻣﺼﻮب : -89045 12- 74-4 74-4 ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه / ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪﮔﺎن : ﻏﻼﻣﺮﺿﺎ اﺳﻜﻨﺪري ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ( اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوژه ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺮﺣﻬﺎي ﻣﻠﻲ و ﻣﺸﺘﺮك دارد ) : - ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺮي / ﻣﺠﺮﻳﺎن : ﻏﻼﻣﺮﺿﺎ اﺳﻜﻨﺪري ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران : ﺳﻴﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ رﺿﺎ ﻫﺎﺷﻤﻲ، ﺳﻴﺪ اﻣﻴﻦ اﷲ ﺗﻘﻮي، ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ دﻫﻘﺎن ﻣﺪﻳﺴﻪ، ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻣﻴﺎﺣﻲ و ﺻﺎدق آﻟﺒﻮﻋﺒﻴﺪ ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻣﺸﺎوران : - ﻧﺎم و ﻧﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﻲ ﻧﺎﻇﺮ : ﻓﺮﻫﺎد ﻛﻴﻤﺮام ﻣﺤﻞ اﺟﺮا : اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﺷﺮوع : /1/4 89 89 ﻣﺪت اﺟﺮا : 1 ﺳﺎل و 9 ﻣﺎه ﻧﺎﺷﺮ : ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻮم ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر : ﺳﺎل1392 ﺣﻖ ﭼﺎپ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﺤﻔﻮظ اﺳﺖ . ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ، ﺗﺼﺎوﻳﺮ ، ﺟﺪاول ، ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻲ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﻣﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻼﻣﺎﻧﻊ اﺳﺖ . « ﺳﻮاﺑﻖ ﻃﺮح ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮوژه و ﻣﺠﺮي» ﭘﺮوژه : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻮرﻳﺪه و ﻣﻴﮕﻮي ﺳﻔﻴﺪ در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﻛﺪ ﻣﺼﻮب : -89045 12- 74-4 ﺷﻤﺎره ﺛﺒﺖ ( ﻓﺮوﺳﺖ ) : 42040 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ : /27/9 91 91 ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ ﺟﻨﺎب آﻗﺎي ﻏﻼﻣﺮﺿﺎ اﺳﻜﻨﺪري داراي ﻣﺪرك ﺗﺤﺼﻴﻠﻲ دﻛﺘﺮي در رﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﻴﻼت ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ داوران ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي و ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ /10 /12 90 ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑ ﻲ و ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺮه 18 و رﺗﺒﻪ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . در زﻣﺎن اﺟﺮاي ﭘﺮوژه، ﻣﺠﺮي در : : ﺳﺘﺎد ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه █ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ اﻳﺴﺘﮕ ﺎه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻣﻌﺎون ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه آﺑﺰي ﭘﺮوري ﺟﻨﻮب ﻛﺸﻮر ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ . ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم ﺧﺪا ﻋﻨﻮان « ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺪرﺟﺎت » ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 1 1 ﺑﺨﺶ اول : ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻮرﻳﺪه در ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺼﻞ اول : ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ و ﻛﻠﻴﺎت ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 4 4 -1-1 ﺧﺼﻮ ﺻﻴﺎت ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺷﻤﺎل ﻏﺮﺑﻲ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎرس ................................ ................................ ................... 4 4 -1-2 ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪات ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ و ﻣﻴﺰان ﺻﻴﺪ در آﺑﻬﺎي ﺟﻨﻮب اﻳﺮان ................................ ................................ ........ 5 5 -1-3 روش و ﻣﻴﺰان ﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻮرﻳﺪه ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 5 5 .... -1-4 ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷ ﻮرﻳﺪه ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 7 -1-5 ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ د ر ﺟﻬﺎن و اﻳﺮان ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 7 7 -1-6 وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻮرﻳﺪه ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 9 9 ... -1-7 ﺳﻦ و رﺷﺪ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 14 -1-8 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺷﻴﻼﺗﻲ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 15 -1-9 ﻧﻘﺎط ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 16 10-1- ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ذﺧﻴﺮه ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 17 11-1- روش ﻫﺎي ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 18 12-1- روش ﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 20 13-1- ﻣﺪل ﺳﺎزي ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺎ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 22 14-1- رواﺑﻂ ﻏ ﺬاﻳﻲ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 28 15-1- ﭘﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 30 16-1- اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 34 17-1- ﻓﺮﺿﻴﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 35 18-1- اﻫﺪاف ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ﻓﺼﻞ دوم : ﻣﻮاد و روﺷﻬﺎ 1-2- ﻣ ﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي ................................ ................................ .................................... 37 -2-2 اﻧﺪاره ﮔﻴﺮي ﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 38 ﻋﻨﻮان « ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺪر ﺟﺎت » ﺻﻔﺤﻪ -2-3 ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺳﻦ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 39 39 -2-4 ﻣﻴﺰان ﺻﻴﺪ و اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﻃﻮل ﻛﻞ در ﻟﻨﺪﻳﻨﮓ ................................ ................................ .............. 42 42 -2-5 ﺗ ﺨﻤﻴﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي دوره زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 42 42 -2-6 ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ذﺧﻴﺮه ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 50 50 ﻓﺼﻞ ﺳﻮم : ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ -3-1 ﺳﻦ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 63 63 -3-2 ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﻫﺎي دوره زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 66 66 -3-3 ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 72 72 -3-4 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ، ﻧﺮخ و ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف ذﺧﻴﺮه ................................ ................................ .............................. 104 ﻓﺼﻞ ﭼﻬﺎرم : ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي -4-1 ﺳﻦ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 110 -4-2 ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 112 -4-3 راﺑﻄﻪ ﻃﻮل – وزن ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 114 -4-4 ﻃﻮل و ﺳﻦ ﺑﻠﻮغ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 115 -4-5 ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﻣﺮگ وﻣﻴﺮ و ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ................................ ................................ ................................ 117 -4-6 ﻃﻮل ﺻﻴﺪ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 120 -4-7 ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ و ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﻓﺮاواﻧ ﻲ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ و وزﻧﻲ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺻﻴﺪ ................................ ................................ 121 -4-8 اﺛﺮ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﻴﺮ ﺻﻴﺎ دي ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ وزن ﺻﻴﺪ ................................ ......................... 122 -4-9 ﺗﻌﺪاد و وزن ﺻﻴﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد و وزن ذﺧﻴﺮه ................................ ................................ ...................... 123 -4-10 ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﻴﺮ ﺻﻴﺎدي در ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﻲ ................................ ................................ ........ 127 -4-11 ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮي ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 127 -4-12 ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 129 -4-13 ﺑﻴﻮﻣﺎس ذﺧﻴﺮه ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ................................ ................................ ............................... 130 -4-14 ﻃﺮح اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ................................ ................................ ................................ 132 -4-15 راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺮگ و ﻣﻴﺮ ﺻﻴﺎدي ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻮﻣﺎس ذﺧﻴﺮه ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰي ﻛﻨﻨﺪه، ﻧﺮخ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري و ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮي ....... 133 -4-16 ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ذﺧﻴﺮه ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 134 ﻋﻨﻮان « ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﺪرﺟﺎت » ﺻﻔﺤﻪ -4-17 ﻧﻘﺎط ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 135 -4-18 ﻣﺪل ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ و ﺑﻴﻮﻣﺎس ﺑﻪ ازاي ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮي ................................ ................................ ............. 136 -4-19 اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 137 -4-20 ﺗﺮﻛﻴ ﺐ ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻮﻣﺎس ................................ ................................ .................... 140 -4-21 ﻣﻴﺰان ﻣﺼﺮف و ﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 141 ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ