INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS Commission internationale de juristes - Comisión Internacional de Juristas " dedicated since 1952 to the primacy, coherence and implementation of international law and principles that advance human rights " ICJ LEGAL OPINION ON SECTION 3.10 OF THE RYAZAN OBLAST LAW President Mrs. Mary ROBINSON, Ireland Vice-Presidents Dr. Rajeev DHAVAN, India Justice John DOWD, Australia I. INTRODUCTION Executive Committee Prof. Vojin DIMITRIJEVIC, Serbia !" #$%&'()*+,'-.%/%0/'%&'.102%3)3'45'6$)'!"#$%"&#'("&)*+(,,'--'("* Justice Unity DOW, Botswana Dr. Gustavo GALLÓN GIRALDO, Colombia (.*/0%'-#-'+6'6$)'1)78)&6'09'6$)':0;.,+%/+/6'901'&84;%&&%0/'60' Mr Stellan GÄRDE, Sweden 6$)'<8;+/'=%*$6&':0;;%66))'%/'1),+6%0/'60'6$)'>0/&%3)1+6%0/'09' Prof. Robert GOLDMAN, United States Dr. Pedro NIKKEN, Venezuela 6$)'>+&)'!%'"&*1$2(#(3&*34*50--'&"*1$2$%&#'(""' Justice Michèle RIVET, Canada Mr Raji SOURANI, Palestine ' Prof. Leila ZERROUGUI, Algeria ?" #$)'!"#$%"&#'("&)*+(,,'--'("*(.*/0%'-#-'%&'+/'%/6)1/+6%0/+,'/0/@ Other Commission Members *02)1/;)/6+,'01*+/%&+6%0/A')&6+4,%&$)3'%/'!BC?'+/3' Mr. Muhand AL-HASSANI, Syria Mr. Ghanim ALNAJJAR, Kuwait $)+378+16)1)3'%/'D)/)2+A'EF%6G)1,+/3"''H6'F01I&'60'+32+/>)'6$)' Mr Raja AZIZ ADDRUSE, Malaysia Prof. Abdullahi AN-NA’IM, Sudan 18,)'09',+F'+/3'60')/&81)'6$)'30;)&6%>'%;.,);)/6+6%0/'09' Justice Solomy BALUNGI BOSSA, Uganda Mr. Abdelaziz BENZAKOUR, Morocco %/6)1/+6%0/+,'$8;+/'1%*$6&',+F"''H/'6$%&'>0/6)J6'%6'.10;06)&' Justice Ian BINNIE, Canada E6+6)&K'>0;.,%+/>)'F%6$'6$)%1'%/6)1/+6%0/+,'$8;+/'1%*$6&',)*+,' Prof. Alexander BRÖSTL, Slovakia Justice Arthur CHASKALSON, South Africa 04,%*+6%0/&"' Prof. Santiago CORCUERA, Mexico Prof. Louise DOSWALD-BECK, Switzerland Justice Hisham EL BASTAWISSI, Egypt Prof. Paula ESCARAMEIA, Portugal L" M6'%&&8)'%/'6$)'>+&)'09'!%'"&*1$2(#(3&*34*50--'&"*1$2$%&#'("'%&' Justice Elisabeth EVATT, Australia E)>6%0/'L"!N'09'6$)'=5+G+/'-4,+&6'(+FA'F$%>$'.102%3)&'%/' Prof. Jochen FROWEIN, Germany Mr. Roberto GARRETÓN, Chile 1),)2+/6'.+16O'PQ84,%>'+>6%0/&'+%;)3'+6'.10.+*+/3+'09' Prof. Jenny E. GOLDSCHMIDT, Netherlands Ms Asma JAHANGIR, Pakistan $0;0&)J8+,%65'R&030;5'01',)&4%+/%&;S'+;0/*';%/01&'&$+,,'4)' Ms Imrana JALAL, Fiji .8/%&$)3'F%6$'+3;%/%&61+6%2)'9%/)"T''#$)'+..,%>+/6'+,,)*)&' Prof. David KRETZMER, Israel Prof. Kazimierz Maria LANKOSZ, Poland 2%0,+6%0/&'09'M16%>,)&'!B'+/3'?U'09'6$)'H/6)1/+6%0/+,':02)/+/6' Justice José Antonio MARTÍN PALLÍN, Spain Mr Kathurima M’INOTI, Kenya 0/':%2%,'+/3'Q0,%6%>+,'=%*$6&'RP:02)/+/6TSA'+1%&%/*'910;'$)1' Justice Sanji MONAGENG, Botswana Ms Karinna MOSKALENKO, Russia >0/2%>6%0/'8/3)1'6$%&'.102%&%0/"' Prof. Iulia MOTOC, Romania Prof. Vitit MUNTARBHORN, Thailand Prof. Manfred NOWAK, Austria V" #$)'H:W'&84;%6&'6$)'90,,0F%/*O''R!S'6$)',+F'+6'%&&8)'$)1)'%&A'0/'%6&' Dr. Jorge Eduardo PAN CRUZ, Uruguay Prof. Andrei RICHTER, Russia 9+>)A'/06'+'.)1;%&&%4,)',%;%6+6%0/'0/'6$)'1%*$6'60'91))30;'09' Sir Nigel RODLEY, United Kingdom Mr Claes SANDGREN, Sweden )J.1)&&%0/'4)>+8&)'%6'%&'3%&>1%;%/+6015X'+/3'R?S';%/01&'$+2)' Mr. Belisario dos SANTOS JUNIOR, Brazil 6$)'1%*$6'60'1)>)%2)'+*)@+..10.1%+6)'%/901;+6%0/'+4086' Justice Philippe TEXIER, France Prof. Daniel THÜRER, Switzerland &)J8+,%65A'%/>,83%/*'&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/"''#$%&'()*+,'-.%/%0/' Prof. U. Oji UMOZURIKE, Nigeria Prof. Vilenas VADAPALAS, Lithuania +331)&&)&'6$)',)*+,'4+&%&'901')+>$'09'6$)&)'>0/>,8&%0/&"' Prof. Yozo YOKOTA, Japan Justice E. Raúl ZAFFARONI, Argentina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ox, 91, Rue des Bains, 33, 1211 Geneva 8, Switzerland Tel: +41(0) 22 979 3800 – Fax: +41(0) 22 979 3801 – Website: http://www.icj.org - E-mail: [email protected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`'&8>$'+&'6$)'.106)>6%0/'09'.84,%>';01+,%65'`';+5' /06'4)'3%&>1%;%/+6015"' [" #$%13A'+&'6$)'H/3%2%38+,'-.%/%0/'09'#01I),'-.&+$,'%/'6$%#78$%9'/06)3A'>0/>).6%0/&'09' .84,%>';01+,%65'+1)'&84Z)>6'60'>$+/*)"''(+F&'&%;%,+1'60'6$)',+F'+6'%&&8)'%/'6$%#78$%9'$+2)' &%/>)'4))/'1).)+,)3'%/'&6+6)&'&8>$'+&'M8&61%+'+/3'6$)']/%6)3'a%/*30;"''#$)')/+>6;)/6'09' +'&%;%,+1',+F'%/'(%6$8+/%+',+&6'5)+1',)3'60'F%3)&.1)+3'>0/3);/+6%0/'45'\810.)+/']/%0/' +/3':08/>%,'09'\810.)'01*+/&'+/3A')2)/68+,,5A'+;)/3;)/6'45'6$)'(%6$8+/%+/'Q+1,%+;)/6"?''' b$+6'F+&'>0/&%3)1)3'Z8&6%9%+4,)'F%6$'1)9)1)/>)'60'.84,%>';01+,%65'%&'/0',0/*)1'6$)'>+&)' 603+5"''H/3))3A'8/>)16+%/65'+4086'6$)'>0/6)/6'09'.84,%>';01+,&'%&'1)9,)>6)3'%/'3)>%&%0/&'09' 406$'6$)'<8;+/'=%*$6&':0;;%66))'9%/3%/*'&6+6)&'%/'2%0,+6%0/'09'6$)%1'$8;+/'1%*$6&' 04,%*+6%0/&'+/3'09'6$)'\810.)+/':0816'&61%I%/*'30F/',+F&'6$+6'F)1)'3)9)/3)3'0/' ;01+,%65'*108/3&"L''''''''''''' II. THE RYAZAN LAW IS AN IMPERMISSIBLE LIMITATIONS ON FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION BECAUSE IT IS DISCRIMINATORY B" #$)'=5+G+/',+F'%&'9+>%+,,5'3%&>1%;%/+6015'+/3'%6&'+..,%>+6%0/'>0/61+2)/)&'6$)'=8&&%+/' Y)3)1+6%0/K&'04,%*+6%0/&'8/3)1'6$)':02)/+/6"''#$%&'+1*8;)/6'.10>))3&'+&'90,,0F&"''E)J8+,' 01%)/6+6%0/'%&'+'.106)>6)3'*108/3'8/3)1'M16%>,)&'?'+/3'?U'09'6$)'H/6)1/+6%0/+,':02)/+/6' 0/':%2%,'+/3'Q0,%6%>+,'=%*$6&"''(%;%6+6%0/&'0/'1%*$6&'>+//06'4)'3%&>1%;%/+6015A'F$)6$)1'%/' ,+F'01'.1+>6%>)"''M',+F'6$+6'3%99)1)/6%+6)&'0/'6$)'4+&%&'09'&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/'%&'6$)1)901)' 3%&>1%;%/+6015A'%/'2%0,+6%0/'09'6$)':02)/+/6A'8/,)&&'%6'$+&'+'1)+&0/+4,)'+/3'04Z)>6%2)' Z8&6%9%>+6%0/'+/3'%&'+%;)3'+6'+',)*%6%;+6)'.81.0&)"''Q84,%>';01+,%65'%&'/06'+'1)+&0/+4,)'+/3' 04Z)>6%2)'Z8&6%9%>+6%0/"' ' 1 Hertzberg v. Finland, Communication No. R.14/61, UN Doc. CCPR/C/15/D/61/1979, 2 April 1982. 2 See Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, Letter to Andrius Kublius, Prime Minister of Lithuania, dated 9 December 2009; European Parliament Resolution of 17 September 2009 on the Lithuanian Law on the Protection of Minors against the Detrimental Effects of Public Information, P7 TA(2009)0019; European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, Annual Report 2010, at 94. 3 See Toonen v. Australia, Communication No. 488/§992, UN Doc. CCPR/C/50/D/488/1992 (1994); Dudgeon v. United Kingdom, Application no. 7525/76, Judgment dated 22 October 1981. 33, rue des Bains, P.O. Box 91, CH-1211 Geneva 8, Switzerland Tel: +41(0) 22 979 3800 – Fax: +41(0) 22 979 3801 – Website: http://www.icj.org - E-mail: [email protected] 2 !N" '#$)'<8;+/'=%*$6&':0;;%66))'$),3'%/':(("$"*34*;0-#%&)'&'6$+6'&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/'%&' .106)>6)3'8/3)1'M16%>,)&'?R!S'+/3'?U'09'6$)':02)/+/6"V''#$%&'3)>%&%0/'F+&'90,,0F)3'%/'%6&' >0/&%3)1+6%0/'09'<(0"9*34*;0-#%&)'&'+/3'=*34*+()0,8'&'+/3'$+&'4))/'1)%6)1+6)3'45'+' /8;4)1'09'06$)1'61)+65'403%)&"C''H/'D)/)1+,':0;;)/6'^0"'?NA'6$)':0;;%66))'0/' \>0/0;%>A'E0>%+,'+/3':8,681+,'=%*$6&'&6+6)3'6$+6'P06$)1'&6+68&T'%/'M16%>,)'?'09'6$)' H/6)1/+6%0/+,':02)/+/6'0/'\>0/0;%>A'E0>%+,'+/3':8,681+,'=%*$6&'%/>,83)&'&)J8+,' 01%)/6+6%0/"U''#$)':0;;%66))'0/'\>0/0;%>A'E0>%+,'+/3':8,681+,'=%*$6&'.1)2%08&,5' 1)>0*/%G)3'P&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/T'+&'+'*108/3'>02)1)3'45'M16%>,)'?'%/'%6&'D)/)1+,':0;;)/6' ^0&"'!V'R1%*$6'60'$)+,6$SA'!C'R1%*$6'60'F+6)1SA'!['R1%*$6'60'F01IS'+/3'!B'R1%*$6'60'&0>%+,' &)>81%65S"_''#$)':0;;%66))'M*+%/&6'#01681)'+99%1;)3'&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/'60'4)'+'.106)>6)3' *108/3'%/'%6&'D)/)1+,':0;;)/6'^0"'?"['''(%I)F%&)A'6$)':0;;%66))'0/'6$)'=%*$6&'09'6$)' :$%,3'$+&'%/>,83)3'>$%,31)/K&'&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/'F%6$%/'6$)'*108/3&'>02)1)3'45'M16%>,)'?' 09'6$)':0/2)/6%0/'0/'6$)'=%*$6&'09'6$)':$%,3"B''#$)':0;;%66))'0/'6$)'\,%;%/+6%0/'09' c%&>1%;%/+6%0/'M*+%/&6'b0;)/'$+&')J.1)&&)3'>0/>)1/'+4086',+F&'6$+6'>1%;%/+,%G)'&+;)@ &)J'1),+6%0/&$%.&'+/3'$+&'>0;;)/3)3'&6+6)&'901'.106)>6%/*'+*+%/&6'3%&>1%;%/+6%0/'0/'6$)' 4+&%&'09'&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/"!N' !!" d+/5']^'E.)>%+,'Q10>)381)&'$+2)'+,&0'>0/&%&6)/6,5'$),3'&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/'60'4)'+' .10$%4%6)3'*108/3'09'3%&>1%;%/+6%0/'+/3'$+2)'>1%6%78)3'*02)1/;)/6&'6$+6'61)+6'.)0.,)' 3%99)1)/6,5'0/'6$)'4+&%&'09'&)J8+,'01%)/6+6%0/"!!'' !?" H/'6$)'>0/6)J6'09'M16%>,)'!BA'6$)'1),)2+/6']^'E.)>%+,'Q10>)381)&'$+2)'1)+99%1;)3'6$+6'6$)' 1%*$6'60'91))30;'09')J.1)&&%0/'%&'+'1%*$6'$),3'45')2)150/)A'1)*+13,)&&'09'&)J8+,' 01%)/6+6%0/'+/3e01'*)/3)1'%3)/6%65"''Y01')J+;.,)A'6$)'=).016'09'6$)'E.)>%+,' =).1)&)/6+6%2)'09'6$)'E)>1)6+15@D)/)1+,'0/'6$)'&%68+6%0/'09'$8;+/'1%*$6&'3)9)/3)1&' >0;;)/6)3'0/'31+96',)*%&,+6%0/'%/'^%*)1%+'%/61038>%/*'.)/+,6%)&'901'.84,%>'+320>+>5'01' +&&0>%+6%0/&'&8..016%/*'6$)'1%*$6&'09'(Df#'.)0.,)"''PH/'.+16%>8,+1A'&)1%08&'>0/>)1/'%&' )J.1)&&)3'%/'2%)F'09'6$)'1)&61%>6%0/'&8>$',+F'F08,3'.,+>)'0/'91))30;&'09')J.1)&&%0/'+/3' +&&0>%+6%0/'09'$8;+/'1%*$6&'3)9)/3)1&'+/3';);4)1&'09'>%2%,'&0>%)65A'F$)/'+320>+6%/*'6$)' 4 Toonen; Young v.