University of Bath PHD Economic Governance and Social Capital A Case Study of Ghana’s Cocoa Industry Abbey, Prince Award date: 2016 Awarding institution: University of Bath Link to publication Alternative formats If you require this document in an alternative format, please contact: [email protected] General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Oct. 2021 Citation for published version: Abbey, P 2016, 'Economic Governance and Social Capital: A Case Study of Ghana’s Cocoa Industry', Ph.D., University of Bath. Publication date: 2016 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication © The Author University of Bath General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 16. Jul. 2019 Economic Governance and Social Capital: A Case Study of Ghana’s Cocoa Industry Prince Abbey Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Bath, School of Management May 2016 COPYRIGHT Attention is drawn to the fact that copyright of this thesis rests with the author. A copy of this thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that they must not copy it or use material from it except as permitted by law or with the consent of the author. This thesis may be made available for consultation within the University Library and may be photocopied or lent to other libraries for the purposes of consultation with effect from………………. Signed on behalf of the School of Management........................................................... 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... 7 Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... 8 Chapter 1 – Introduction ............................................................................................................. 9 1.1 Research Objective ......................................................................................................... 12 1.2 Research Questions ........................................................................................................ 14 1.3 Contribution to the Literature .............................................................................................. 15 1.4 Overview of the Thesis ....................................................................................................... 17 Chapter 2 – Literature Review .................................................................................................. 20 2.1 Governance.......................................................................................................................... 20 2.1.1 Defining Governance ................................................................................................... 20 2.1.2 Governance of Economic Activity ............................................................................... 22 2.1.3 Governance of Industries ............................................................................................ 25 2.2 ‘Strategic Failure’ in Governance ....................................................................................... 29 2.2.1 Firms Governance ....................................................................................................... 32 2.2.2 Governance of Transnationals .................................................................................... 35 2.2.3 Governments & Strategic Failure ............................................................................... 37 2.3 Participation in Governance ................................................................................................ 40 2.3.1 Motivations for Participation ...................................................................................... 44 2.3.2 Social Relations ........................................................................................................... 46 2.3.3 Logics of Membership & Influence ............................................................................ 47 2.3.4 Democracy & Participation ......................................................................................... 49 2.3.5 Decentralising Governance ......................................................................................... 51 2.4 Social Capital ...................................................................................................................... 57 2.4.1 Introducing Social Capital .......................................................................................... 57 2.4.2 Social Capital as Information, Influence & Solidarity .............................................. 58 2.4.3 Types of Social Capital ................................................................................................ 62 2.4.4 Consequences of Social Capital .................................................................................. 73 2.4.5 Social Capital and Good Governance ......................................................................... 77 2.4.6 Social Capital & Governance of Global Value Chains .............................................. 79 2.5 Conclusion to Literature Review......................................................................................... 81 2 Chapter 3 – Methodology ........................................................................................................... 83 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 83 3.2 Research Instruments .......................................................................................................... 84 3.3 Case Study Research ........................................................................................................... 84 3.4 Survey Research .................................................................................................................. 88 3.5 Issues of Ethical Consideration ........................................................................................... 91 3.6 Pilot Study – Yamfo in the Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana................................................ 92 3.7 Data Collection .................................................................................................................... 93 3.8 Variables & Questions................................................................................................... 97 3.8.1 Variables for Case Study ............................................................................................. 97 3.8.2 Variables for Survey .................................................................................................... 99 3.9 Data Analysis Process ....................................................................................................... 103 Chapter 4 – Ghana’s Cocoa Industry: A Case Study ............................................................ 105 4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 105 4.2 Cocoa & the Global Value Chain ...................................................................................... 108 4.3 Ghana’s Cocoa Sector & COCOBOD .............................................................................. 111 4.4 Participants in Ghana’s Cocoa Industry; Cocoa Farmers & Licensed Buying Companies ................................................................................................................................................. 116 4.5 Interviews on the State of the Industry.............................................................................. 121 4.6 Interviews on the Social Capital in the Industry ............................................................... 123 4.7 Interviews on the Perceptions of COCOBOD’s Governance ........................................... 124 4.8 Issues of ‘Strategic Failure’ in Ghana’s Cocoa Industry ................................................... 126 4.8.1 Pricing as a Strategic Decision ................................................................................. 128 4.8.2 The Dominance of