BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE ENTOMOLOGTE, 68: 131-142, 1998 BULLETIN VAN HET KONINKL!JK BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN ENTOMOLOGIE, 68: 1 1 ~ 1-142 , 1998 A Red list for the spiders of Flanders by Jean-Pierre MAELFAIT, Leon BAERT, Marc JANSSEN & Mark ALDERWEIRELDT Abstract logical Society (ARABEL). Distribution data were gathered per species and published in catalogues per family (ALDER­ Of the 604 spider species mentioned as occurring in Flanders only wELRELDT & MAELFA1T, 1990; BAERT, 1996; DE BLAUWE & about half is at moment safe or at low risk of extinction. The extinct and BAERT, 1981; JACOBS , 1993 ; JANSSEN, 1993 ; JANSSEN & threatened species occur( -red) in oligotrophic grasslands, deciduous RAERT, 1987; RANSY & BAERT, 1985, 1987a,b, 1991a,b; forests, heathlands and several kinds of wetland habitats. RANSY et a!., 1987, SEGERS & BAERT, 1991 ; VAN KEER & Key words: Red list, spiders, Flanders, Belgium, habitats V ANUYTVEN, 1993). The catalogue treating the subfamily of the Linyphiinae is in preparation (BAERT, in prep). These ca­ talogues and more recent published and unpublished observa­ tions were used to assess the status of each Flemish spider Resume species. II n'y a, aujourd'hui, que pres de Ia moitie des 604 especes d'araignees connues deFlandre que !'on peut considerer comme etant al 'abri ou ne presentant qu'un faible risque de disparition. Les especes eteintes ou Material and methods menacees colonisaient ou colonisent des prairies oligotrophes, des forets decidues, des Iandes a bruyere et differents types d'habitats gorges d' eau. Each species mentioned as occurring in Flanders was as­ signed one of the following categories. These categories Mots-clefs: Liste rouge, araignees, Flandre, Belgique, biotopes agree with the classification used in the Red Data Book of Germany (BINoT et al., 1998) and therefore with the criteria and categories developed by the IUCN-The World Conserva­ tion Union (column RL-C in Table 1). Introduction - EW: Extinct in the wild. Species not located in the wild / during the last fifty years. For the spiders of Flanders these During recent years Red lists of particular taxonomic groups are usually species which were only mentioned for that became more and more indispensable tools in nature conserva­ region by Becker and for which we have no reason to doubt tion research. This also holds true for Flanders. As well as for the correctness of the determination by that author. the development of a modem nature conservation policy as - CR: Critical. These are species that became ve1y rare in our for their use in site assessment studies such lists summaris­ region due to a drastic reduction of their habitats. These ing the present status of each involved species can be very species will go extinct if the causal factors for that habitat useful instruments (ALDERWE1RELDT & MAELFAJT, 1992; MAEL­ loss continue operating. FAIT, 1993, 1994, 1995; MAES et a!., 1995 ; VERHEY EN et a/., - EN: Endangered. Species, that are rare becaH~e of extensive 1994). deterioration and destruction of their habitats. The study of spiders in Belgium (and Flanders) began by - VU: Vulnerable. Species, that became quite uncommon be­ the end of the nineteenth century with the very luxurious cause of habitat loss during the past decades. books treating the occurrence of these animals in Belgium by - RG: Rare geographically restricted species. These are spe­ BECKER (1882, 1896). During the fifties of the twentieth cen­ cies for which Flanders lays at the northern (N), sou them (S) tmy faunistic studies were resumed by J. KEKENBOSCH (Royal or western (W) limit of their geographical range. Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences). It was only from the - IN: Indeterminate. Species assumed to be threatened but seventies onwards however that a large variety of habitats where there is not enough information to decide which of distributed over the whole of the country were sampled. This the three above-mentioned categories is appropriate was mostly done by scientists associated with the LaboratOiy - IK: Insufficiently known. Species, that are suspected but not of Ecology (University of Gent) and, later on, with the Royal definitely known to belong to any of the above categories, Institute of Natural Sciences and with the Institute of because of lack of information. Also the species mentioned to Nature Conservation. Amateur arachnologists also contribu­ occur in Flanders doubtfully. ted a lot to that inventory work. Most of these faunistic studi es were were published in the newsletter of the Belgian Arachno- In Table 1, the habitat for each species of the categories EW, 132 J.-P. MAELFAIT, L. BAERT, M. JANSSEN & M. ALDERWEIRELDT I I Table I. - Spider species occurring in Flanders (FI) with indi­ FAMILY, SPECIES FL RL-C HABITAT cation of their status and habitat choice (explanation: see text). Dysdera erythrina (WALCKENAER, 1802) FL EN Fddd FAMILY, SPECIES FL RL-C HABITAT Harpactea hombergi (Scorou, 1763) FL EN Fddd Atypidae Segestriidae Atypus affinis EICHWALD,1830 FL vu Godts Segestria bavarica C.L. KocH, 1813 FL Eresidae Segestria f/orentina (Rossi, 1790) FL Eresus cinnaberinus (OuVJER, 1789) FL IK y Segestria senoculata (LiNNAEUS, 1758) FL Eresus sandafiatus (MARTINI & Gom, 1778) FL EW Hdbs Scytodidae Amaurobiidae Scytodes thoracica LATREILUE, 1801 FL Amaurobius claustrarius (HAHN, 1831) Pholcidae Amaurobius erberi (KEYSERUNG, 1863) Pholcus phalangioides (FUESSUN, 1775) FL Amaurobius fenestra/is (STROEM, 1768) FL Psilochorus simoni (BERLAND, 1911) FL Amaurobius ferox (WALCKENAER, 1825) FL Gnaphosidae Amaurobius simi/is (BLACKWALL, 1815) FL Cal/ilepis nocturna (LiNNA£us, 1758) FL RG N Dictynidae Drassodes cupreus (BLACKWALL, 1831) FL A/tel/a Iucida (SIMON, 1871) FL RG N Drassodes hypocrita (SIMON, 1878) Argenna patula (SIMON, 1871) FL CR Sa Drassodes lapidosus (WALCKENAER, 1802) FL Argenna subnigra (O.P. -CAMBRIDGE , 1861) FL EN Go db Drassodes pubescens (THORELL, 1856) FL EN Godt Cicurina cicur (FABRICIUS, 1793) FL Gnaphosa leporina (L. KocH, 1866) FL EN Hw Dictyna arundinacea (LINNAEUS, 1758) FL Gnaphosa lucifuga (WALCKENAER, 1802) FL CR Godb Dictyna civica (LucAS, 1819) FL RG N Gnaphosa lugubris (C.L. KocH, 1839) Dictyna latens (FABRICIUS, 1775) FL EN Godd Gnaphosa nigerrima L. KocH, 1877 FL CR Hws Dictyna major MENGE, 1869 FL RG s Gnaphosa opaca HERMAN, 1879 FL RG N Dictyna pusi//a THORELL, 1856 FL EN Godd Haplodrassus dalrnatensis (L. KocH, 1866) FL EN Godt Dictyna uncinata THORELL, 1856 FL Haplodrassus kulczynskii LOH¥J1NDER, 1912 Lathys humilis (BLACKWALL, 1855) FL Haplodrassus moderatus (KuLCZVNSKJ, 1897) Lathys pula (O.P-CAMBRIDGE, 1863) FL RG N Haplodrassus signifer (C.L. KocH, 1839) FL Mastigusa arietina (THORELL, 1871) FL EN Godta Haplodrassus silvestris (BLACKWALL, 1833) FL EN Fddd Mastigusa macrophtha/mus (KuLCZVNSKI, 1896) Haplodrassus umbratilis (L. KocH, 1866) FL CR Godts Nigma flavescens (WALCKENAER, 1825) FL Micaria dives (LuCAS, 1816) FL CR Godta Nigma walckenaeri (ROEWER, 1951) FL Mic9Fia formicaria (SuNDEVALL, 1832) Titanoecidae Micaria fulgens (WALCKENAER, 1802) FL EN Godta Titanoeca quadriguttata (HAHN, 1883) FL CR Fddvs Micaria guttulata (C.L. KocH, 1839) Uloboridae Mica ria pulicaria (SuNDEVALL, 1831) FL Hyptiotes paradoxus (C.L. KocH, 1831) FL Micaria romana L. KocH, 1866 FL RG N Uloborus plumipes LucAS, 1816 FL Micaria silesiaca L. KocH, 1875 FL RG N Uloborus walckenaerius LATREILLE, 1806 Micaria subopaca WESTRING, 1861 FL "' Oecobiidae Phaeocedus braccatus (L. KocH, 1866) FL EN Hdb Oecobius navus BLACKWALL, 1859 FL Poecilochroa conspicua (L. KocH, 1867) FL RG N Zodariidae Poecilochroa variana (C.L. KocH, 1839) Zodarion gal/icum (SIMON, 1872) FL IK y Scotophaeus blackwalli (THORELL, 1873) FL Zodarion itaficum (CANESTRINI, 1868) Scotophaeus scutulatus (L. KocH, 1866) FL Zodarion rubidum (SIMON, 191 1) FL RG N Zelote vi/licus (THORELL, 1875) Oonopidae Zelotes aeneus (SIMON, 1878) FL RG N Oonops domesticus DED ALMAS, 1916 FL Zelotes apricorum (L. KocH, 1876) FL IN X Oonops pu/cher TEMPLETON, 1835 FL Zelotes electus (C.L. KocH, 1839) FL vu Godt Dysderidae Zelotes erebeus (THORELL, 1871) Dysdera crocota C.L. KocH, 1838 FL Zelotes latreillei (SIMON, 1878) FL A Red list for the spiders of Flanders II 133 FAMILY, SPECIES FL RL-C HABITAT FAMILY, SPECIES FL RL-C HABITAT Zelotes longipes (L. KocH, 1866) FL vu Godt Phrurolithus festivus (C.L. KocH, 1835) FL Zelotes lutetianus (L. KocH, 1866) FL EN Gowt Phrurolithus minimus C.L. KocH, 1839 FL CR Godta Zelotes pedestris (C.L. KocH, 1839 FL E N Godt Scotina celans (BLACKWALL, 1811) FL RG N Zelotes petrensis (C.L. KocH, 1839) FL vu Godt Scotina gracilipes (BLACKWALL, 1859) FL CR Hdb Zelotes praeficus (L. KocH, 1866) FL CR Hdb Zoridae Zelotes pseudoclivicolus GRIMM, 1982 lora nemoralis (BLACKWALL, 1861) FL CR Fddvs Zelotes pumilus (C.L. KocH, 1839) lora silvestris KuLCZVNSKI, 1897 FL EN Hdb Zelotes pusil/us (C.L. KocH, 1833) FL lora spinimana (SUNDEVALL, 1833) FL Zelotes subterraneus (C.L. KocH, 1833) FL Anyphaenidae Clubionidae Anyphaena accentuata (WALCKENAER, 1802) FL Cheiracanthium erraticum (WALCKENAER, 1802) FL Eusparassidae Cheiracanthium montanum (L. KocH, 1877) FL RG N Micrommata virescens (CLERCK, 1757) FL CR Fdwv Cheiracanthium pennyi O.P. -CAMBRIDGE, 1873 FL RG N Thomisidae Cheiracanthium punctorium (VILLERS,1789) FL EW Godds Coriarachne depressa (C.L. KocH, 1837) FL RG s Cheiracanthium virescens (SuNDEVALL, 1833) FL EN Godt Diaea dorsata (FABRICIUS, 1777) FL Clubiona brevipes BLACKWALL, 1811 FL Heriaeus hirtus (LATREILLE, 1819) FL RG N Clubiona caerulescens L. KocH, 1867 FL EN Fddo Misumena vatia (CLERCK, 1757) FL vu God! Clubiona compta C.L. KocH, 1839 FL Misumenops tricuspidatus (FABRICIUS, 1775) FL RG N Clubiona corticalis (WALCKENAER, 1802) FL Ozyptila atomaria (PANZER, 181 0) FL EN Godt Clubiona diversa D.P.-CAMBRIDGE, 1862 FL Ozyptila blackwalli SIMON, 1875 Clubiona frisia WUNDERLICH & SCHIT, 1995 FL vu Godt Ozyptila brevipes (HAHN, 1831) FL EN Gowt Clubiona frutetorum L. KocH, 1867 FL Ozypti/a nigrita (THORELL, 1875) FL CR Godt Clubiona genevensis L.