A!"#$%&'%( S%$% Z"#)*+, J)*%& K)-+,+, P("'(%. T)/)*+, MYTHS AND STEREOTYPES VIOLENCE AND HATE SPEECH TOWARDS LGBT PERSONS: POLICE AND JUDICIAL PRACTICE IN MONTENEGRO Steps towards the accepted, visible and protected LGBTIQ community Recommendation (2010) 5 of the Committee of ministers to the member countries IRUWKH¿JKWDJDLQVWGLVFULPLQDWLRQRQWKHJURXQGVRIVH[XDORULHQWDWLRQRUJHQGHULGHQWLW\UHS- UHVHQWVDEDVLFIUDPHIRUWKHSODQQLQJDQGWKHLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIWKH/*%7SURMHFWRI&RXQFLO RI(XURSH $ORQJWHUPJRDORIWKH/*%7SURMHFWRI&RXQFLORI(XURSHZDVWRFRQWULEXWHWRWKH TXDOLW\RIOLIHRI/*%7FRPPXQLWLHVWKURXJKRXW(XURSH$VSHFLDOHYHQKLVWRULFDOYDOXHRIWKH /*%7SURMHFWLVWKHIDFWWKDWLWSURYLGHGDVWURQJLQFHQWLYHWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIWKHQDWLRQDO SROLFLHVIRUWKH¿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³'DWDFROOHFWLRQRIKDWHVSHHFKDQG GLVFULPLQDWLRQ´ /*%73URMHFW$FWLYLW\162021 ZDVVXSSRUWHGDQGLWZDVLPSOH- PHQWHGE\WKHORFDORUJDQL]DWLRQ³/*%7)RUXP3URJUHVV´ 7KHPLVVLRQRI³/*%7)RUXP3URJUHVV´LVWKHFUHDWLRQRIDVDIHLQFOXVLYHDQGVWLPX- ODWLQJHQYLURQPHQWIRUDOO/*%7,4SHUVRQVWKURXJKHQDEOLQJHGXFDWLRQDOSRVVLELOLWLHVFRPPX- QLW\EXLOGLQJSXEOLFDGYRFDF\SROLWLFDOSDUWLFLSDWLRQDQGLQFUHDVLQJRIWKHDFFHVVWRGLIIHUHQW VHUYLFHVZKLFKFRQWULEXWHWRWKHPRUHTXDOLW\OLIHDQGKHDOWK $QLQWHQVLYHDQGGLOLJHQWZRUNKDVEHHQFRQGXFWHGIRURYHUD\HDURQWKHFROOHFWLRQ RIGDWDUHODWHGWRKDWHVSHHFKYLROHQFHDQGGLVFULPLQDWLRQWRZDUGVWKHPHPEHUVRIWKH0RQ- WHQHJULQ/*%7,4FRPPXQLW\7KHIRFXVZDVRXWRQWKHUHODWLRQRIWKHSROLFHDQGRWKHUVWDWH LQVWLWXWLRQVHVSHFLDOO\RIWKHMXGLFLDOV\VWHPWRZDUGVWKHUHSRUWHGFDVHV $GRFXPHQWDWLRQJURXQGZDVFUHDWHGZKLFKRIIHUVUHOLDEOHDQGDXWKHQWLFGDWDRQWKH VSDPRIWKHFKDOOHQJHVWKHORFDO/*%7FRPPXQLW\LVIDFLQJ7KHDYDLODEOHGDWDSURYLGHWKH LQIRUPDWLRQRQWKHUHVSRQVHRIWKHVWDWHERGLHVLQFKDUJHDQGRIWKHWUHDWPHQWRIWKHUHSRUWHG FDVHVZLWKLQWKHSROLFH6WDWHSURVHFXWRURI¿FHWKHRPEXGVPDQERGLHVWKHPLVGHPHDQRU DQGUHJXODUFRXUWVDVZHOODVWKHUHODWLRQRIWKH*RYHUQPHQWLWVHOI 7KLVGHPDQGLQJDQGLQWHQVLYHHIIRUWZDVFRQGXFWHGZLWKWKHVXSSRUWRIWKH³/DZ\HUV FRPPLWWHHIRUKXPDQULJKWV´WKURXJKDSURJUDP³/*%7)RUXP3URJUHVV´DFWLYHO\SDUWLFLSDWHG LQFDOOHG³1HWZRUNLQJRIWKHFLYLOVRFLHW\RQWKHFULWLFDOYDOXHVRIKXPDQULJKWVLQ6HUELD0RQ- WHQHJURDQG.RVRYR´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³/*%7)RUXP3URJUHVV´ MYTHS AND STEREOTYPES VIOLENCE AND HATE SPEECH TOWARDS THE LGBT COMMUNITY: POLICE AND JUDICIAL PRACTICE IN MONTENEGRO The study Myths and stereotypes – Violence and hate speech towards the LGBT community: Police and judicial practice in Montenegro Authors: PU$OHNVDQGDU6DVD=HNRYLFGU-RYDQ.RMLFLF3UHGUDJ7RPRYLF Library: 3URWHFWLRQRI/*%7ULJKWVLQSUDFWLFH Editor: 6WHYDQ0LOLYRMHYLF Publisher: 1RQJRYHUQPHQWDORUJDQL]DWLRQ /*%7)2580352*5(6 ZZZOJEWSURJUHVPH LQIR#OJEWSURJUHVPH Translators and Researchers: $QGULMDQD-RNDQRYLF $UPLQD.DGLF ,YDQD-RYRYLF -RYDQD6HEHN -DVPLQD.DOMLF 6WHYDQ0LOLYRMHYLF Editing and print: ,93(&HWLQMH Published within the LGBT project of Council of Europe Opinions stated in this text are a responsibility of the authors and do not neccecarily represent the o!cial policy of Council of Europe. A"#$%&'(&) S&%& Z#$*+,- J*+&' K*.,-,- P)#()&/ T*0*+,- MYTHS AND STEREOTYPES VIOLENCE AND HATE SPEECH TOWARDS LGBT PERSONS: POLICE AND JUDICIAL PRACTICE IN MONTENEGRO 3RGJRULFD 2014 MYTHS AND STEREOTYPES INTRODUCTION 7KHODVW¿YH\HDUVLQ0RQWHQHJURKDYHEHHQUHFRJQLVHGWKURXJK VHYHUDOVWURQJLQLWLDWLYHVIRUWKHVRFLDODFFHSWDQFHRIWKH/*%7FRP- PXQLW\ 8QGHUWDNHQ HIIRUWV HVSHFLDOO\ WKRVH LQLWLDWHG E\ KH RUJDQLVD- WLRQVRIWKHFLYLOVRFLHW\FRQWULEXWHWRWKHVWUHQJWKHQLQJRIWKHRYHUDOO DZDUHQHVVRQWKHQHHGIRUHVWDEOLVKLQJHTXDOLW\DQGGHYHORSPHQWRI FXOWXUHRIKXPDQULJKWV +LVWRULFDOFRQWULEXWLRQWRWKLVSURFHVVKDVEHHQSURYLGHGWKURXJK WKHDGRSWLRQRIWKH¿UVWQDWLRQDO/*%7SROLF\7KH6WUDWHJ\IRULPSURYH- PHQWRITXDOLW\RIOLIHRI/*%7SHUVRQVLQ0RQWHQHJURZKLFKZDVDGRSW- HGE\WKH*RYHUQPHQWRI0RQWHQHJURRQthRI0D\UHSUHVHQWVD V\VWHPDWLFUHVSRQVHWRWKHQHHGRIDFRQVLVWDQW¿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³Myths and stereotypes – Violence and hate speech towards the LGBT persons: Police and judicial practice in Montenegro´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³5HSUHVHQWDWLRQRIWKHFDV- HVRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQRQWKHEDVLVRIVH[XDORULHQWDWLRQLQ0RQWHQHJUR )URPSULQFLSOHVWRSUDFWLFH´E\WKHDXWKRUV0DULMDQD/DNRYLFDQG$O- HNVDQGDU6DVD=HNRYLFZKLFKKDVEHHQMRLQWO\SXEOLVKHGLQE\ ³/*%7)RUXP3URJUHVV´DQG³,/*$(XURSH´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¿FDQW QXPEHU RI VRXUFHV RYHU RQH WKRXVDQG SDJHV RI ¿OHG UHSRUWVDQGUHVSRQVHVWRWKHUHSRUWVLQFOXGLQJQXPHURXVYHUGLFWVDV ZHOODVDVLJQL¿FDQWQXPEHURILQWHUQHWVRXUFHVDQGPHGLDWH[WV$OVR ZHKDYHFRQGXFWHGFRQYHUVDWLRQVZLWKQXPHURXVYLFWLPVDQGWKHSR- OLFHRI¿FHUVLQFKDUJH 7KLV VWXG\ SUHVHQWV DQ RYHUDOO QXPEHU RI UHSRUWV ¿OHG WR WKH3ROLFHGLUHFWRUDWHRIWKH0LQLVWU\RI,QWHULRURI0RQWHQHJURDQGWKH %DVLFVWDWHSURVHFXWRURI¿FHVLQDQGLQWKH¿UVWTXDUWHURI 7KHVHUHSRUWVLQFOXGHSHUVRQV7KHVHUHSRUWVDUHPRVWO\PDGHE\ WKH 1*2 ´/*%7)RUXP3URJUHVV´ %DVHG RQ WKHVH UHSRUWV WKH 3ROLFH GLUHFWRUDWH DQG WKH VWDWH SURVHFXWRUVKDYHLQDQGLQWKH¿UVWTXDUWHURI¿OHGD PLVGHPHDQRXU SURFHGXUH DJDLQVW SHUVRQV ,Q WKH REVHUYHG SH- ULRG DQGWKH¿UVWIRXUPRQWKVRI DQRYHUDOOQXPEHURI PLVGHPHDQRXUSURFHGXUHVKDYHEHHQ¿QDOLVHG7KLVQXPEHUDOVR 1 ,QWKHSHULRGRIWKH/*%7FRPPXQLW\¿OHGPRUHWKDQUHSRUWVWRWKH 3ROLFHGLUHFWRUDWHFRPSODLQWVEHFDXVHRIGLVFULPLQDWLRQRIWKHGLIIHUHQWVWDWHERGLHVDQG WKH QRQ SURIHVVLRQDO DSSOLFDWLRQ RI DXWKRULW\ PRVWO\ SROLFH RI¿FHUV ,Q WKH VDPH REVHUYHG SHULRGDFFRUGLQJWRWKHGDWDRI1*2³/*%7)RUXP3URJUHVV´UHTXHVWVIRUWKHLQLWLDWLRQ RIDPLVGHPHDQRUSURFHGXUHKDVEHHE¿OHG,QWKHSHULRGRIWRWDOPLVGHPHDQRU SURFHGXUHVKDVEHHQ¿QDOL]HGLQZKLFKRQHSHUVRQZDVH[RQHUDWHGZHUHSXQLVKHGZLWKWKH IHHVYDU\LQJIURPWRHXURVSHUVRQVZHUHVHQWHQFHGWRMDLOIRUDQGGD\VDQG RQHSHUVRQZDVSXQLVKHGZLWKDSDUROVHQWHQFHRIGD\V 7 MYTHS AND STEREOTYPES LQFOXGHV FHUWDLQ FDVHV ZKLFK KDYH EHHQ VWDUWHG LQ $Q RYHUDOO QXPEHURISHUVRQKDYHEHHQSXQLVKHGE\IHHVLQWKHVSDPRIWR HXURV7ZHOYHSHUVRQVLQFOXGLQJPLQRUVKDYHEHHQSXQLVKHGE\D PHDVXUH±UHSULPDQG7ZRSHUVRQVKDYHEHHQVHQWHQFHGWRDSDURORU DSXQLVKPHQWRISULVRQLQWKHDPRXQWRIWHQGD\V$QRYHUDOOQXPEHURI SHUVRQVKDYHEHHQIUHHGIURPDPLVGHPHDQRXUUHVSRQVLELOLW\GXH WRWKHODFNRIHYLGHQFH ,QDQGLQWKH¿UVWTXDUWHURID¿QDOYHUGLFWVZHUH EURXJKWLQWKH%DVLF&RXUWVRI%DUDQG3RGJRULFDLQWKUHHFULPLQDO SURFHGXUHVZKLFKZHUHOHGRQWKHJURXQGRIDFULPLQDORIIHQFH±HQ- GDQJHUPHQWRIVHFXULW\RI/*%7SHUVRQVZKLFKZHUHOHGDFFRUGLQJWR WKHELOORILQGLFWPHQWRIWKHSURVHFXWRULQFKDUJH,QWKHVHFDVHVRQH SHUSHWUDWRUZDVVHQWHQFHGWRDSXQLVKPHQWE\SULVRQIRUPRQWKVWKH VHFRQGLQWKHODVWLQJRIPRQWKDQGLQWKHWKLUGFDVHWKHVHQWHQFHZDV DSDUROLQWKHODVWLQJRIPRQWKV 7ZRFULPLQDOSURFHGXUHVDUHFXUUHQWO\RQJRLQJGXHWRYLROHQW EHKDYLRXU WRZDUGV WKH /*%7 SHUVRQV 7KH LQYHVWLJDWLRQ LV RQJRLQJ E\WKHSURVHFXWRULQFKDUJHGXHWRWKUHHFULPLQDOUHSRUWV¿OHGE\WKLV
Details
-
File Typepdf
-
Upload Time-
-
Content LanguagesEnglish
-
Upload UserAnonymous/Not logged-in
-
File Pages198 Page
-
File Size-