Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42186-7 — The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics Edited by Michael T. Putnam , B. Richard Page Index More Information Index A’-movement, 436, 437, 441, 442, 452 articles, 217, 234, 259, 260, 265, 272, 288, 341, abbreviation, 254, 255 351, 353, 538, 550, 554, 788, 835 ablaut, 193, 198, 201, 205, 206, 207, 210, 216, definite articles, 162, 265, 550, 679, 753 226, 238, 248, 251, 478 indefinite articles, 547, 550, 559, 753, 787 adjacency, 301, 314, 325, 326, 327, 329, 342, 350, spurious indefinite articles, 554, 558 360, 399 aspect, 6, 199, 200, 204, 391, 569, 571, 575, 577, adverb, 241, 245, 327, 328, 346, 349, 349, 354, 591, 596, 611, 637, 692, 835 360, 368, 380, 428, 430, 442, 471, 482, 520, aspiration, 120, 121, 125, 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 521, 524, 586 135, 136, 137 affixation, 75, 76, 89, 108, 198, 853 assimilation, 11–16, 22, 23, 39, 56, 105, 121, 126, case, 288 127, 128, 129, 131, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138, complementizer agreement, 314, 316, 201, 232, 320 318–24, 329, 333 authority, 578 contact languages, 855 contact material or language, 855 Barbiers et al., 313 gender, 276–7 Bavarian inflectional morphology of nouns, 215, 221 Gmunden Bavarian, 494 inflectional morphology of verbs, 199–201, Egerlandish Bavarian, 495 212, 591–2, 600 Bayer, 330 prosodic effects, 53, 156–7 Berber, 722 voice, 475, 480, 484 bilingual mixed languages, 834, 855 word formation, 238, 245–50, 254 binding domain, 497, 500 affixoids, 244, 245 Binding Theory, 303, 493, 496–502, 508 Afrikaans, 2, 16, 25, 26, 34, 39, 44, 195, 198, 199, blending, 238, 254, 255 201, 203, 204, 205, 206, 214, 241, 253, 255, Boef, 332 267, 268, 274, 282, 288, 300, 339, 438, 446, borrowing, 248, 249, 250, 833, 842, 856 464, 471, 476, 482, 822 boundary tone, 145, 146, 154, 158, 171, 174, 176, Amish Alsatian German, 818 177, 178, 181, 184, 668, 670 Amish Swiss German, 818 breaking, 219, 226, 232 A-movement, 304, 426, 427, 429, 430, 431, 466, Cantonese, 124 467, 469, 470, 474, 675 Caribbean English Creole, 846 Anabaptist groups, 810, 818, 820, 821, 823, Carstens, 333 824, 829 case, 5, 263, 282, 342, 351, 353, 389, 390, 391, anaphoric elements, 259, 297, 462, 477, 493, 494 611, 676 SELF versus SE, 502 binding and, 494, 505, 512 anticausatives, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, dialectal variation in West Germanic, 751, 753 484, 487 gender and, 265–7, 276–7 apocope, 67, 226, 751, 752 genitive case and linking elements, 243 Arabic, 690, 714, 722, 723 in connection with object shift and Aramaic, 239 scrambling, 426, 429–32 argument structure, 6, 292, 293, 296, 358, 461, in connection with particles, 516 499, 509, 521, 527, 528, 532, 539, 618, inflectional morphology of nouns, 214–21, 637, 702 223–4, 226, 228, 231, 233, 234 Armenian (Eastern), 128 in heritage Germanic languages, 787–91, 796 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42186-7 — The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics Edited by Michael T. Putnam , B. Richard Page Index More Information 866 INDEX case (cont.) downward entailment, 644, 645, 646, 647, 649, in relationship to noun and determiner 650, 651 phrase, 539–41, 548–9, 552, 556 Dutch, 2, 3, 12, 13, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, in relationship to second language 34, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54, 60, acquisition, 690, 692, 695, 699–700, 705 61, 64, 68, 76, 78, 79, 80–84, 86, 99, 109, in relationship to voice, 462, 465, 467, 471, 112, 114, 119, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 474, 476–7, 481, 486 137, 172, 173, 174, 177, 180, 181, 184, 195, lack of case in pidgins, 835 196, 197, 201, 203, 204, 205, 207, 208, 209, with prepositions, 601, 623, 634, 635 210, 211, 214, 215, 228, 240, 241, 242, 243, Chinese Pidgin English, 838 245, 249, 250, 251, 253, 255, 262, 265, 273, Cimbrian, 817 282, 288, 300, 305, 306, 313, 339, 346, 347, clause-boundedness, 437 348, 351, 353, 353, 354, 357, 382, 397, 413, clitics, 314, 316, 321, 324, 333, 679 417, 419, 422, 424, 425, 427, 428–429, coalescence, 11, 27 431, 432, 439, 440, 446, 455, 464, 467, 468, Colonia Tovar German, 816 471, 473, 476, 477, 479, 482, 486, complementary quantity, 100, 101, 104, 114 503–508, 615, 690–691, 702 complementizer agreement, 6, 313 Brabantic, 319–320, 321 complementizer phrase (CP), 365, 367, 370, 371, De Panne Dutch, 328 377, 384, 390, 396, 408, 421, 422, 445, 552, Groningen Dutch, 275 696, 697 Hellendoorn Dutch, 319, 321, 332 compounding, 5, 91, 157, 238, 239, 540, 835 Katwijk Dutch, 318 consonant clusters, 33, 34, 42, 57, 59, 86, 106, Lapscheure Dutch, 326, 327, 329 107 Low Franconian dialects, 741 contact language, 2, 3, 133, 833–858 Maastricht Dutch, 148 controllability, 578 Middle Dutch, 196 conversion, 211, 212, 238, 250, 254 Nieuwkerken-Waas Dutch, 323 coronals, 12, 14, 18, 19 Straattaal, 714 counterfactuals, 204, 568, 569, 570, 584, 585, 586 Tegelen Dutch, 326, 330 Cremers & Van Koppen, 331 Tilburg Dutch, 113, 114 creoles, 2, 3, 36, 40, 592, 606, 607, 834, 842 Culminativity, 668, 672 effect-on-output, 431, 432 embedded V2, 377, 378, 379, 381, 444 Danish, 3, 4, 34, 37, 75, 76, 78, 86, 89, 92, 99, 109, English, 2, 3, 16, 19, 22, 23, 27, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 132, 143, 153, 154, 173, 174, 175, 178, 180, 39, 42, 43, 44, 76, 78, 79, 80–84, 99, 109, 185, 195, 198, 203, 205, 214, 220, 221, 238, 119, 120, 121, 123, 125–126, 168, 172, 240, 246, 252, 255, 259, 263, 264, 266, 272, 174, 177, 180, 183, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 289, 300, 301, 344, 371, 375, 379, 416, 417, 203, 204, 205, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 215, 418, 421, 424, 427, 440, 444, 453, 454, 455, 229, 238, 239, 241, 243, 245, 249, 251, 254, 463, 469, 475, 487, 508, 558, 718, 719, 720, 256, 267, 274, 282, 288, 290, 299, 301, 304, 722, 723, 724, 725, 761, 768, 770, 776 306, 350, 367, 368, 371, 439, 441, 448, 453, Colloquial Copenhagen Danish, 439 454, 455, 464, 465, 467, 469, 476, 477, 482, Danish dialects, 265, 267, 763 493, 497–500, 615 Danish in Germany, 824–825 African American English, 438 Middle Danish, 439 American English, 28, 37, 58, 111, 128, 253 Western Jutish, 274 American Vernacular Black English, 714 De Haan, 320, 332 Appalachian English, 438 De Haan & Weerman, 332 Belfast English, 439 declension class, 214, 262, 275, 276, 277, British English, 34 278, 787 East Anglian English, 38 definiteness, 218, 220, 259, 264, 266, 284, 468, Irish English, 438 473, 532, 550, 556, 558, 560, 678, 787, 791 Middle English, 230, 267, 306, 367, 374, 439 double definiteness, 220, 554, 797, 798 Old English, 49, 196, 201, 208, 230, 267, 268, degemination, 25, 39, 98, 99, 109, 201 285, 306 deixis, 551, 591 South African English, 35 deletion, 20, 24, 34, 38, 49, 56, 59, 60, 66, 76, 128, Southern US English, 127 137, 160 Upper Midwestern US English, 128 deletion of constituents, 674, 679 Welsh English, 38 deletion of pitch accents, 679 epenthesis, 16, 18, 29, 41, 42, 160, 161, 162, deontic modality, 572, 579, 581, 586 201 Determiner Phrase (DP), 537 epistemic modality, 401, 568, 571, 572, 578, 580, discontinuous DPs, 557 581, 582, 586 doubly filled DP, 558 ethnolect, 715 DP-movement, 555, 558 events, 591, 592, 594, 596, 597, 601, 604 typological differences in the DP, 559 exceptional case marking (ECM), 389, 462, diphthongization, 750 486, 508 directed motion, 533 expletive, 299, 342, 343, 356, 357, 438, 445, 455, dissimilation, 16, 130 468, 469, 471, 474, 483, 484, 486, 540, doubly filled Comp, 439 576, 676 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42186-7 — The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics Edited by Michael T. Putnam , B. Richard Page Index More Information Index 867 exponence, 201, 539 Cologne German, 40, 146, 148–150 extraction from verb-second clauses, 443, 444 Early New High German, 277 extrametricality, 49, 73, 74, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80, East Low German, 63 82 Eastphalian, 63 German in Denmark and Belgium, 824–825 Faroese, 3, 4, 22, 24, 34, 37, 44, 51, 75, 77, 91, German in Nambia, 826 104, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 205, 209, Hessian, 57 214, 215, 256, 262, 272, 287, 300, 344, Hessian substractive plurals, 57 351, 375, 444, 455, 462, 464, 466, 467, High German dialects, 20 468, 776 Highest Alemannic, 20 Faroese dialects, 763 Kiel German, 17, 29 Flemish, 439 Kiezdeutsch, 714 West Flemish, 315, 325, 380, 468 Low Alemannic, 64 Focus Prominence Principle, 670 Low German, 2, 15, 266, 818–819 focus-sensitive particles, 654, 680 Low German dialects, 742 foot, 49, 73, 98, 149, 159, 178 Lower Bavarian, 321 formal fronting, 442, 677 Lower Silesian, 814 fortis versus lenis consonants, 59, 102, 107, 132, Mayen German, 144 135, 151 Middle German (Central German), 54, 135, French, 44, 77, 126, 239, 240, 248, 250, 264, 378, 736, 737, 743, 750, 751, 754, 755, 816, 456, 690, 695, 703, 705, 825, 833, 836, 819 844, 854 Middle High German, 45 Frisian, 2, 6, 13, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 34, Middle Low German, 220 38, 39, 41, 50, 69, 129, 132, 144, 196, 200, Moselle Franconian, 15 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 214, North Low Saxon, 144 215, 238, 241, 243, 245, 251, 255, 256, 313, North Saxon, 56, 64 314, 316, 320, 321, 322, 325, 331, 332, 339, Northern Bavarian, 56 346, 347, 355, 356, 380, 440, 446, 479, 482, Northern German, 40, 172 736, 756, 810, 812, 813, 821, 823 Odenwald German, 59 East Frisian Saterlandic, 262 Old High German, 225, 277 North Frisian, 262, 264, 267, 824 Southern Bavarian, 17, 29 Old Frisian, 51, 66 Southern German, 36, 172, 198, 203 Wangeroog Frisian, 67 Swabian German, 380 Weser Frisian, 67 Swiss German (Alemannic), 28, 35, 98, 114, West Frisian, 134, 137,