AN ANALYSIS OF THE PALI CANON Edited by Russell Webb A REFERENCE TABLE OF PALI LITERATURE Compiled by Bhikkhu Nyanatusita Buddhist Publication Society Inc. P. O. B o x 6 1 54 Sangharaja Mawatha Kandy, Sri Lanka E-mail: [email protected] Web site: http://www.bps.lk Tel: 0094 81 223 7283—Fax: 0094 81 222 3679 An Analysis of the Pali Canon Copyright © 2011 by Russell Webb First BPS edition 1975 Second revised BPS edition 1991 Third revised BPS edition 2011 A Reference Table of Pali Literature Copyright © 2011 by Bhikkhu Nyanatusita First edition: 2011 National Library and Documentation Service Board- Cataloguing-In-Publication Data Webb, Russel An Analysis of Pali Canon: A Reference Table of Pali Literature/Russel Webb and Bhikkhu Nyanatusita.-Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society Inc., 2011 BP 607S.- 232p.; 22cm ISBN 978-955-24-0376-7 i. 891.37 DDC 23 ii. Title iii. Bhikkhu Nyanatusita, jt.au. 1. Pali Literature ISBN 978-955–24–0376–7 Printed by Ajith Printers, 85/4, Old Kesbewa Road, Gangodawila, Nugegoda. CONTENTS An Analysis of the Pali Canon Abbreviations Used ..........................................................................vii Preface ............................................................................................... viii I. Textual Analysis ...............................................................................1 A. Vinaya Piþaka—Collection of Disciplinary Rules 1 Bhikkhu and Bhikkhunì Pátimokkha 1 1. Suttavibhaòga 2 2. Khandhaka 2 3. Parivára 3 B. Sutta Piþaka—Collection of the Buddha’s Discourses 3 1. Dìgha Nikáya 3 2. Majjhima Nikáya 6 3. Saíyutta Nikáya 14 4. Aòguttara Nikáya 17 5. Khuddaka Nikáya 19 C. Abhidhamma Piþaka—Collection of Philosophical Treatises 28 II. Index to the Canon .......................................................................30 III. Bibliography ................................................................................42 1. Translated Texts 42 A. Vinaya Piþaka 42 B. Sutta Pitaka 43 C. Abhidhamma Pitaka 57 2. Anthologies 58 3. Devotional Manuals 62 4. Post-Canonical and Commentarial Literature 63 5. Studies from Páli and Related Sources 71 A. General Studies 71 B. Vinaya Studies 87 C. Sutta Studies 89 D. Abhidhamma Studies 98 6. Journals 100 7. Encyclopedias 100 iii 8. Páli Grammars and Dictionaries 110 9. Online Texts and Resources 115 A Reference Table of Pali Literature Introduction ......................................................................................121 References and abbreviations .......................................................124 Table of Pali Literature ...................................................................135 Vinaya-piþaka 135 Vinaya Manuals 139 Sutta-piþaka Semi-canonical Texts 155 Vimutti- and Visuddhi-magga 156 Anthologies, Paritta, Cosmology, Medicine, and Lexicography 157 Ánisaísa: Benefits Bhávaná, Meditation 166 Law 169 Apocryphal Suttantas 170 Abhidhamma-piþaka 173 Abhidhamma Manuals 178 Supplementary Abhidhamma Treatises 182 Non-Canonical Works 183 Chronicles 183 History and Legend 187 Sávaka-nibbána Literature 189 Bibliographies 190 Future Buddhas: 191 Poetry 192 Mantras & Yantras 202 Grammar 203 Orthoepy 215 Verbal Roots 216 Dictionaries, Lexicons 216 Metrics 218 Rhetoric 220 Sandesa: Messages & Letters 220 Bible Translations 221 Extinct Commentaries 221 AN ANALYSIS OF THE PALI CANON Edited by Russell Webb ABBREVIATIONS USED AN Aòguttara Nikáya AP Abhidhamma Piþaka DN Dìgha Nikáya Dhp Dhammapada It Itivuttaka KN Khuddaka Nikáya Kha Khandhaka Khp Khuddakapáþha Mil Milindapañhá MN Majjhima Nikáya Nidd Niddesa Paþis Paþisambhidámagga SN Saíyutta Nikáya Sn Suttanipáta SP Sutta Piþaka SV Suttavibhaòga Ud Udána Vism Visuddhimagga VP Vinaya Piþaka PREFACE An Analysis of the Pali Canon was originally the work of A.C. March, the founder-editor of Buddhism in England (from 1943, The Middle Way), the quarterly journal of The Buddhist Lodge (now The Buddhist Society, London). It appeared in the issues for Volume 3 and was later offprinted as a pamphlet. Finally, after extensive revision by I.B. Horner (the late President of the Pali Text Society) and Jack Austin, it appeared as an integral part of A Buddhist Student’s Manual, published in 1956 by The Buddhist Society to commemorate the thirtieth anniversary of its founding. The basic analysis of the Tipiþaka appeared in The Maha Bodhi, 37:19–42 (Calcutta 1929), and was reprinted in K.D.P. Wickremesinghe’s Biography of the Buddha (Colombo 1972). In the present edition, the basic analysis of the Canon has been left in its original state although some minor corrections had to be made. However, it has been found possible to fully explore the Saíyutta and Aòguttara Nikáyas together with three important texts from the Khuddaka Nikáya: Udána, Itivuttaka, and Suttanipáta. It was deemed unnecessary to give similar treatment to the Dhammapada, as this popular anthology is much more readily accessible. The Paþisambhidámagga has also been analysed. The index (except for minor amendments) was originally prepared by G.F. Allen and first appeared in his book The Buddha’s Philosophy. In this edition it has been simplified by extensive substitution of Arabic for Roman numerals. The Bibliography, a necessary adjunct in view of the reference nature of the whole work, has, however, been completely revised as a consequence of the vast output of books on the subject that have come on to the market over the past few decades. Indeed, it was originally intended to make this an exhaustive section of Pali works in the English language, past and present. A number of anthologies, however, include both suttas in their entirety and short extracts from the texts. In such cases the compiler has, where the works in question appear, only indicated the complete suttas, as it is hardly likely that brief passages in such vii An Analysis of the Páli Canon (possibly out-of-print) books will be referred to by the student who can now so easily turn to complete texts. Moreover, to keep the Bibliography to a manageable size, it was also necessary to omit a number of anthologies which include selected translations available from other, more primary sources. It is thus hoped that this short work will awaken in the reader a desire to study the original texts themselves, the most authoritative Buddhist documents extant. Space has precluded a detailed study of the Tipiþaka from the standpoints of language and chronology, but the source books mentioned in the Bibliography will more than compensate for this omission. Russell Webb March 1991 P.S. In this third edition I have, in the Bibliography, included relevant doctoral dissertations, masters’ theses, articles and online resource materials. RW October 2010 Note An online edition of this booklet, containing hyperlinks to the works listed that have been digitalised and put online, is available on the BPS website's Online Library (www.bps.lk). Because websites frequently disappear and links often change, they are not included in this book. BPS Editor viii I. TEXTUAL ANALYSIS The Páli Canon, also called the Tipiþaka or “Three Baskets” (of doctrine), is divided into three major parts: a) Vinaya Piþaka: The Collection of Disciplinary Rules. b) Sutta Piþaka: The Collection of the Buddha’s Discourses. c) Abhidhamma Piþaka: The Collection of Philosophical Treatises. A. Vinaya Piþaka—the Collection of Disciplinary Rules Bhikkhu and Bhikkhunì Pátimokkha The monastic code of the bhikkhu (Buddhist monk) contains 220 rules and 7 legal procedures, consisting of eight classes: Four rules, if infringed, entail expulsion from the Order (párájika). These are sexual intercourse, theft, taking a human life or inciting another to commit suicide, and falsely boasting of supernormal attainments. Thirteen rules entailing initial and subsequent meetings of the Sangha (saòghádisesa). These include masturbation, lustful physical and verbal contact with a woman, creating a schism, etc. Two rules are indefinite (aniyata). Whether the being alone with a woman is a párájika, saòghádisesa or pácittiya offence. Thirty rules entail expiation with forfeiture (nissaggiya pácittiya). Rules dealing with improper possession of requisites such as robes. Ninety-two rules entail expiation (pácittiya). Rules dealing with wrong conduct such as lying, damaging plants, possessing gold and silvers, etc. Four rules require confession (páþidesanìya). Seventy-five rules are concerned with etiquette and decorum (sekhiya). Seven procedures are for the settlement of legal processes (adhikaraóasamatha). 1 An Analysis of the Páli Canon This section is followed by another called the Bhikkhunìvibhaòga, providing similar guidance for nuns. The monastic code of the bhikkhunì (Buddhist nun) contains 324 rules and 7 legal procedures, consisting of seven classes: a) Eight rules, if infringed, entail expulsion from the Order (párájika). b) Seventeen rules entailing initial and subsequent meetings of the Sangha (saòghádisesa). c) Thirty rules entail expiation with forfeiture (nissaggiya pácittiya). d) Hundred sixty-six rules entail expiation (pácittiya). e) Eight rules require confession (páþidesanìya). f) Seventy-five rules are concerned with etiquette and decorum (sekhiya). g) Seven procedures are for the settlement of legal processes (adhikaraóasamatha). 1. Suttavibhaòga The analysis of the Sutta or Pátimokkha. Each Pátimokkha rule is treated by way of an origin story (nidána) leading up to the laying down of the rule, the rule, a word analysis (padabhájanìya) of the rule, and (usually) modifications of the rule and exceptions.