PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT BUILDINGS OFFICE OF THE ENGINEER-IN-CHIEF (BUILDINGS), CHIEF ENGINEER (BUILDINGS) CHENNAI REGION AND CHIEF ENGINEER (GENERAL), PWD., CHEPAUK, CHENNAI – 5 GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS WITH RESPECT TO FIRE, EARTHQUAKE, CYCLONE, FLOOD, TSUNAMI AND OTHER HAZARDS Zone - III Moderate Intensity Zone Zone - II Low Intensity Zone MAP OF EARTHQUAKE ZONES IN TAMIL NADU Tamilaga Arasu Building Research Station, PWD, Taramani, Chennai-600 113 PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT BUILDINGS OFFICE OF THE ENGINEER-IN-CHIEF (BUILDINGS) & CHIEF ENGINEER (BUILDINGS) CHENNAI REGION AND CHIEF ENGINEER (GENERAL), PWD., CHEPAUK, CHENNAI – 600 005 Technical Circular No. AEE/T10/24475/2017, dated 27.10.2017 Sub : Disaster Management - Guidelines for Planning, Design and Construction of buildings with respect to Fire, Earthquake, Cyclone, Flood, Tsunami and other hazards-Regarding. This circular is issued to all the Superintending Engineers and Executive Engineers of Tamilnadu Public Works Department with Guidelines for Planning, Design and Construction with respect to Fire, Earthquake, Tsunami, Cyclone, Flood and other hazards. Disaster prevention involves engineering intervention in buildings and structures to make them strong enough to withstand natural hazard so that the exposure of the society to hazard situation could be avoided or minimized. Public Works department buildings organization is committed to Plan, design, construct and maintain the Public Buildings and monitor the stability of the public buildings. Various types of Public Buildings constructed and maintained by PWD include Hospitals, Medical colleges, Schools, Hostel buildings, Court Buildings, District Collectorates, Taluk Offices, Sub Registrar Offices, Veterinary Buildings and office buildings for various other departments of the Government. Every building shall be so Planned, Designed, Constructed, equipped, maintained and operated so as to provide not only adequate comfort to the occupants but also to take meticulous care to avoid undue danger to the life and safety of the occupants from Fire, Earthquake, Tsunami, Cyclone, Flood and other hazards. The public buildings are constructed based on the Codes published by the Bureau of Indian standards including the National Building code 201G. In Tamilnadu public works Department, the stability of the buildings and structures are ensured in Design and Construction with respect to Fire, Earthquake, Tsunami, cyclone, Flood and other hazards. Although the Architect wing and the Planning and Designs wing functioning under the administrative control of the Engineer-in-Chief (Buildings) at Chennai are invotved in Architectural planning and Structural Designing of the buildings respectively, it is instructed that the superintending Engineers and Executive Engineers should also ensure the provisions to be made during execution of building works with respect to Fire, Eafthquake, Tsunami, cyclone, Flood and other hazards, constructed based on the codes published by the Bureau of Indian standards including the National Building code 2016. Hence the enclosed general guidelines (as per various IS Codes and Guidelines issued Ministries by of Government of India) are issued through this circular memorandum for Architects and all Engineers of Public Works Department with respect to engineering intervention in buildings. Hence, through this circular memorandum, it is instructed that all the officials of Public works Department are requested to adhere to general guidelines enclosed for Disaster preparedness to withstand hazards effectively. Enc!.: Booklet-1No. r1-..'*"{ril1,, IO The Chief Engineer (Buildings), pW Trichy Region, Trichy The Chief Engineer (Buildings), pWD., Madurai Region, Madurai AII the Superintending Engineers of pWD, BO. All the Executive Engineers of pWD, BO. D:\DISASTERMANAGEMENT\Final CIRCUtARANDIETTER3l.08.20lT\FinatOflnat\Di*stermanaSementcircularfinal3l0820lT.docx PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT BUILDINGS OFFICE OF THE ENGINEER-IN-CHIEF (BUILDINGS), CHIEF ENGINEER (BUILDINGS) CHENNAI REGION AND CHIEF ENGINEER (GENERAL), PWD., CHEPAUK, CHENNAI – 5 GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS WITH RESPECT TO FIRE, EARTHQUAKE, CYCLONE, FLOOD, TSUNAMI AND OTHER HAZARDS 2017 Tamilaga Arasu Building Research Station, Taramani, Chennai.113 Guidelines for Planning, Design and Construction of buildings with respect to Fire, Earthquake, Cyclone, Flood, Tsunami and other hazards CONTENTS Sl. Topics Page No No. 1 Guidelines for Fire and Life safety Measures 1 2 Guidelines for Planning Earthquake resistant Structures 5 Guidelines for Planning Earthquake resistant Structural 3 8 Designs Guidelines for planning and design of Tsunami resistant 4 14 buildings Guidelines for Planning and Design of Cyclone resistant 5 18 buildings Guidelines for Planning and Design of Flood resistant 6 25 buildings Fire preparedness : extract of “ 15 maintenance of fire 7 27 fighting systems ” as in NBC VOL 2 Chapter 12 Case Study on Fire Safety Arrangements in Tamil Nadu 8 Government Multi Specialty Hospital, Chennai and RGGH 30 Chennai Case Study on Pre Tsunamy Cyclone Shelters and Post 9 43 Tsunami Multi Purpose Evacuation Centres Multipurpose Evacuation Shelters – 121 Nos. in 12 Coastal 10 49 Districts of Tamilnadu District Level PWD contact person during the period of 11 52 Disaster 12 Disaster Hazard Specific Response Actions in Buildings 54 1. Guidelines for Fire and Life Safety Measures in Buildings 1. Guidelines for Fire and Life Safety Measures in Buildings The guidelines to be followed in Fire and Life safety in the buildings as per Part IV of NBC 2016 are furnished below. 1.0. General Exit Requirement: 1.0.1. Every building meant for human occupancy shall be provided with exits sufficient to permit safe egress of occupants, in case of fire or other emergency. 1.0.2. Provision of internal staircase, external staircase and corridor or passageway which have direct access to these staircases shall be maintained by occupants in case of emergencies and shall lead to the exterior of a building or to a street. Lifts and escalators shall not be considered as exits. 1.0.3. All buildings shall have a minimum of two staircases . The actual number of exits shall conform to the accepted standards on the basis of occupant load of building ( Floor area in m 2 required for a person ), for different occupancies, width required per person and the maximum travel distance to be maintained in a building. 1.0.4. In general indicative terms, the occupant load will be 12.5 for residential occupancies, 15 for institutional, 4 for educational, 10 for office buildings, 0.65 to 1.80 for assembly, 3 for basement shopping area and 6 for upper floor shopping area in mercantile buildings. The travel distances to the nearest exits for all multistoried, special commercial, institutional and public buildings shall be of 30 m and for fully sprinklered building, the travel distances may be increased up to 45m 1.0.5. All the exits and exit passageways to exit discharge shall have a clear ceiling height of at least 2.40m . The height of exit door shall be at least 2.00m 1 1.0.6. Exit doorways shall not be less than 1 m in width but for assembly buildings it shall not be less than 2 m in width. Fig.1 1.0.7. The minimum width of tread without nosing shall be 250 mm for internal staircase of residential buildings. This shall be 300 mm for assembly, hotels, educational, institutional, business and other buildings. The treads shall be constructed and maintained in a manner to prevent slipping. The maximum height of riser shall be 190 mm for residential buildings and 150 mm for other buildings and the number shall be limited to 15 per flight. 1.0.8. Internal staircase shall not be arranged round a lift shaft . 1.0.9. The internal staircases shall be constructed with non combustible materials and shall have a minimum fire resistant rating of 120minutes ; The external stairs shall be directly connecting all floors to the ground; it shall be continuous, free of obstructions and the entrance to the external stairs shall be separate and remote from the internal staircase. 1.0.10. The ramps shall comply requirements for staircases regarding enclosure dimension and capacity. The slope of the ramp shall not exceed 1 in 12 (8 percent) 2 1.0.11. Smoke Control: In building design compartmentation plays a vital role in limiting spread of fire. The building plan should ensure avoidance of spread of smoke to adjacent spaces. through leakage openings. All floors shall be compartmented with area of ach compartment being not more than 750 m2. 1.0.12. Pressurization is a method adopted for protecting the exits from ingress of smoke, especially in high-rise buildings. In pressurization, air is injected into the staircases, lobbies, etc, as applicable, to raise their pressures lightly above the pressure in adjacent parts of the building. As a result, ingress of smoke or toxic gases into the exits will be prevented. The pressurization of staircases and lift lobbies shall be adopted as per standards. The following are the other safety arrangements to be provided in buildings. 1.1. The fire detection and alarm systems include electro mechanical systems, such as air handling units, pressurisation systems, smoke management systems, creation of compartmentation through the release of fire barriers, hold up fire doors etc and monitoring of fire water storage tanks and pumps, pressures in hydrant and sprinkler systems etc. These systems should be provided as per