I State University of Makassar C M S INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS, T SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION E AND THEIR APPLICATIONS A “Recent Research and Issues in 2 0 Mathematics, Sciences, Technology, Education 1 4 and their Applications” I N T E T R E N C A H T N I O O PROCEEDINGS L N O A G L Y C , O E N D ICMSTEA 2014 F Makassar, August 20-21, 2014 U E C R A E Makassar, August 20-21, 2014 T N I O C N E O A N N D M T A H T E H I E R M A A P T P I C L I S C , A S T C I O I E N N S C E S , th ISBN: 979-604-151-0 ISBN: 979-604-151-0 53 UNM ICMSTEA 2014 Conference Proceeding INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS, SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION AND THEIR APPLICATIONS Makassar, 20th – 21st august 2013 RECENT RESEARCH AND ISSUES ON MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION AND THEIR APPLICATIONS ISBN 979-604-151-0 Mathematics and Science Faculty Makassar State University ICMSTEA 2014 : RECENT RESEARCH AND ISSUES ON MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION AND THEIR APPLICATIONS Editorial Board: Syafruddin Side Iwan Dini Rahmat Syam Sumarlin Muis Ahmad Fudhail Andi Irma Suryani Ansari Saleh Ahmar Muh. Aqil Rusli Bustang Muh. Hijrah Irwan Iswan Achlan Setiawan Nur Wahidin Ashari Wahyuddin Bara Zulkifli Rais Reviewer Board: Prof. Max Warshauer Prof. Susie Groves Prof. Peter Hubber Prof. Naoki Sato Prof. Baharuddin Aris Prof. Ismail bin Kailani Prof. Duangjai Nacapricha Prof. Muhammad Arif Tiro Dr. Fran van Galen Prof. Suratman Woro Suprodjo Dr. Siti Nuramaliati Prijono Oslan Jumadi, Ph.D. Prof. Gufron D. Dirawan Muhammad Abdy, Ph.D. Dr. Ramlawaty ©August 2014 International Conference on Mathematics, Science, Technology, Education and their Applications (ICMSTEA) 2014 WELCOME SPEECH Forewords from the Head of Committee Assalamu’alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh First, I want to give our welcome to all the delegates, speakers, and participants coming today. Welcome to State University of Makassar, UNM. This conference titled International Conference on Recent Research and issues in Mathematics, Sciences, Technology, Education and Their Applications (ICMSTEA) 2014 is assigned to the 53rd Dies Natalies of UNM. It is primarily organized by Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science in conjuction with several committee members from other faculties within State University of Makassar. This conference is conducted in two days from 20th of August to 21st of August in Theater Room, Pinisi Building, State University of Makassar. It involves eleven keynote speakers, ten invited speakers, and approximately 150 parallel speakers. Ladies and gentlemen, as I previously said, the conference proudly invites twelve keynote speakers coming from several countries. Therefore, on behalf of the committee members, I would like to express my sincere thanks to the keynote speakers, specifically: 1. Professor Max Warxhauwer (Texas State University, USA) 2. Professor Naoki Sato (Kyoto Prefecture University, Japan) 3. Professor Peter Hubber (Deakin University, Australia) 4. Professor Susie Groves (Deakin University, Australia) 5. Dr. Frans Van Galen (Utrecht University, the Netherlands) 6. Assistant Professor Duangjai Nacapricha (Mahidol University, Thailand) 7. Dr. Siti Nuramaliati Prijono (the Indonesian Institute of Sciences) 8. Professor Baharuddin Aris (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) 9. Professor Ismail bin Kailani (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia) 10. Professor Muhammad Arif Tiro (Iowa State University & State University of Makassar) 11. Professor Suratman Woro Suprodjo (Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia) Next, it is my privilege to thank all organizing committee members who have been showing good work and determination for the accomplishment of this conference. All of them have been working since the beginning of the planning stage and they are still here today for all of us, even though they are very busy with their personal responsibilities. On this occasion, I would like to apologize to all of you when there are some inconvenience things during the implementation of this conference since we, the organizing committee, as just human being. Finally, I would like to thank to the speakers and the participants listed in this conference. May I wish you all two fruitful days of interesting and beneficial conference and also that you have a very pleasant stay in Makassar. Thank you very much for all the attention. Assalamu’alaykum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh. Head of Committee, Suwardi Annas, Ph.D. i International Conference on Mathematics, Science, Technology, Education and their Applications (ICMSTEA) 2014 Forewords from the Dean of Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, State University of Makassar Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Assalamu’alaykum Warahmatullah Wabarakatuh First of all, let us praise to the Almighty, Allah SWT, because of his Blessings and Helps, we are able to gather here to attend International Conference on Recent Research and issues in Mathematics, Sciences, Technology, Education and Their Applications (ICMSTEA) 2014. The development of education and technology in recent decades grows very rapidly. In addition, they have been specialized into many specific topics. Indeed, for researchers and lecturers, being qualified of a specific field as well as being aware of the contemporary development of other fields are two crucial things. One of the reasons why we undertake the conference is to fulfil those two things. By attending the conference, researchers and lecturers have a good opportunity to share their research findings and to obtain broader descriptions of the development of other general knowledge. We convey our deep appreciation and gratitude to all of the committees that work from the beginning to support and organize the conference. We also strongly expect the participants of the conference to be continually productive, increase the capacity in conducting a research, and carry out both national and international scientific publications. Finally, let me again recite thank you to the all participants of the conference who are receptive to spend their time to be present and entirely involved at this events. I wish the conference advantageous for all of us. Billahi taufiq wal hidayah, Wassalamu’alaykum Wr. Wb. Dean of Faculty of Mathematics and Science State University of Makassar Prof. Dr. H. Hamzah Upu, M.Ed. ii International Conference on Mathematics, Science, Technology, Education and their Applications (ICMSTEA) 2014 Forewords from Rector of UNM Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Assalamu’alaykum Warahmatullah Wabarakatuh Your respectable, the high officials of State University of Makassar, the committee , the speakers, and the partipants of conference. It gives me great pleasure to extend to you all a very warm welcome, especially to our keynote speakers who have accepted our invitation to convene the conference. It is an apportune time to convey to you that UNM is celebrating the 53rd Dies Natalis and it commends the faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science (FMIPA) to be in charge of all activity sequences in the Dies Natalis. However, the support of other faculties is also really influential and gives valuable contribution to the success of the event. In that celebration, we undertake several agendas including educational and sport activities. The conference, ICMSTEA, is one of our educational activities that covers a wide range of very interesting items relating to mathematics, sciences, education, technology and their applications. By taking participation of this seminar, it is highly expected to all of us to share our research findings to society and continuously develop new ideas and knowledge. Those things are two significant steps in improving the quality of nations around the world, increasing our familiarity to each other, and even avoiding underdevelopment. On this good occation, let me quote what Obama said about the education related to this conference and I wish fruitful for all of us: Every single one of you has something you’re good at. Every single one of you has something to offer. And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is. That’s the opportunity an education can provide. Therefore, through this conference, we are able to implement education. Furthermore, I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to all organizing committee especially for Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty that primarily hosts this conference particularly and other Dies Natalis events generally. Finally, this is a great time for me to declare the official opening of the International Conference on Recent Research and issues in Mathematics, Sciences, Technology, Education and Their Applications (ICMSTEA) 2014. I wish you a very enjoyable stay in Makassar I warmly welcome you again, as in Makassar, we say “salamakki battu ri mangkasara” Assalamu’alaykum warahmatullah wabarakatuh. Rector of State University of Makassar Prof. Dr. H. Arismunandar, M.Pd. iii International Conference on Mathematics, Science, Technology, Education and their Applications (ICMSTEA) 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS WELCOME SPEECH ................................................................................................... i TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. iv Designing and Design Research .................................................................................... 1 Frans van Galen, Utrecht University Mathworks, Math Problemsand Math Education Research ............................................ 2 Max, Texas State University