DYSPHEMISM USED IN DEADPOOL MOVIE A THESIS BY: MARIA AYU PRETTY SITANGGANG REG. NO : 150705001 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2020 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA DYSPHEMISM USED IN DEADPOOL MOVIE A THESIS BY MARIA AYU PRETTY SITANGGANG REG.NO. 150705001 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed. TESP Dr. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum. NIP. 19570412 198403 1 001 NIP. 19570203 198503 2 002 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English. DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as the thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination. Head, Secretary, Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D. NIP. 19540916 198003 2 003 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on August 14th, 2019. Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001 Board of Examiners Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D. Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed. TESP Dr. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum. UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, MARIA AYU PRETTY SITANGGANG DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR INPART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE. ACKNOWLEDGEMNTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : Date : January 30th, 2020 5 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : MARIA AYU PRETTY SITANGGANG TITLE OF THESIS : DYSPHEMISM USED IN DEADPOOL MOVIE QUALIFICATION : S -1 / SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE OR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USER ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER LAW OF REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : January 30th, 2019 6 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MOTTO AND DEDICATION So do not throw away your confidence; it will be richly rewarded. You need to persevere so that when you have done the will of God, you will receive what he promised. (Hebrews 10 : 35 – 36) Survival isn’t beautiful. It is fire, ache, and everything that hurts combined. But the survivors know how after survival everything is so insanely beautiful. (Anonymous) This thesis is fully dedicated to My beloved family for the unconditional love, prayers and support. 7 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Praise to the Almighty God who has allowed me to finish the most challenging project in my bachelor‟s degree. Thank you for always giving an everlasting blessing for my parents and my family so that I always get a lot of supports whether it is mental or financial supports. Thank you for granting my prayers, giving health, opportunity, encouragement and true spirit to me. You will always be my refuge and my strength. The most special thanks I dedicated to my beloved family. First, I want to thank my parents, Mr. Timbul Sitanggang and Mrs. Dermawati Nainggolan who always give their sincere prayer, encouragement and advice. Second, I want to thank my siblings, Melda Fitriani Sitanggang, Helen Novita Sitanggang and Dedy Asido Sitanggang for their efforts so that I can pursue my dream to study in the university degree, for every contribution both financially and mentally also their presence as well as encouragements when I feel hopeless or unmotivated during the thesis writing. I‟m also thankful to all families whom I could not mention here, for their motivation and support. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed. TESP as my supervisor who always give valuable guidance, kind supervision, inspiration, patience, kindness, also support during the process of writing this thesis and my gratitude to my co-supervisor, Dr. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum for her kindness, suggestion, knowledge and great advice for me to complete my thesis. My gratitude also goes to the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies of University of Sumatera Utara, Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S, the Head of English Department, Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A. Ph.D, the secretary of English Department, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D, for their help during my study in this faculty. I would like to thank all of the lecturers who have shared their 8 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA knowledge, guidance and supports during the academic years. I also take this opportunity to thank all academic and administrative staffs for their helps, especially for Mr. Kirno as the department employee who always gives informations and service for the administrative. Last, but not the least, I want to thank Desy Lampita Rajagukguk, Mona Sylvia Zendrato, Ocha Ramadhani, Intan Chalda, Ance Elsy Saragih, Dian Rizma, Tamala Barasa, Junika Dewi Sihite, Rada Mayasari, Sinta Putri Amelia, Annisa Siti Harlizanti Pulungan and all of members of English Literature A 2015 that have helped me for almost 4 years, struggle together, the laugh we shared, the support we gave to each other, the memories we made, I wish all of us the best of luck. Also my favourite humans, Yenni Lestari Purba, S.E. Natasya Florentina Sianturi, Yunita Simarmata, and Charly G.V.S. thank you for the support, happiness, sadness and everything we shared together, you guys are the witnesses of the drama of my life. I wish all of us the best of luck, I wish you guys didn‟t have to leave me, thank you for making my life better. I am really grateful to have everyone supporting me in the process of writing this thesis. Thank you so much for being my strength and inspiration. May God repay all of your kindness and finally, may this thesis be advantageous for the readers, May the grace and love of God shine upon us forever. Amen. Medan, January, 2020 Maria Ayu Pretty Sitanggang Reg. No. 150705001 9 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT This thesis entitled Dysphemism Used in Deadpool Movie. Dysphemism in Deadpool is problematized in its home country, i.e. the United States, due to its excessive occurrences. For this reason, this study aims at 1) to find out the types of dysphemism which illuminates the uses of dysphemism, and 2) revealing the functions which explain why the characters utilize such dysphemistic words. The theory of Dysphemism proposed by Allan & Burridge (2006) is used to reveal the functions of the use of dysphemism. In addition, the author also uses semantic approach by delineating the meaning of dysphemism in a lexical and contextual manner along with examples of its use in context. Moreover, the analysis of componential meaning is used to observe the types of dysphemism based on Allan & Burridge' theory and Rawson's theory. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data of this research are words and phrases which indicated dysphemism. The sources of the data are transcript and video. There are 95 dysphemism data obtained and observed by the writer. The result of this research shows that three types of dysphemism are found in the movie, i.e. profanity, obscenity, and insult. The dysphemism type mostly found is the obscenity with 31 data (33%). In addition, there are seven functions of the use of dysphemism revealed: to humiliate something or someone else, to express anger, to emphasize thing or condition, to state and represent a very bad thing or condition, to express astonishment or amazement, to show intimacy and to express excitement. The most dominant function of dysphemism that is used in this movie is to humiliate something or someone else with 79 data (83%). Keywords: Dysphemism, Semantics, Deadpool 10 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul Penggunaan Disfemisme dalam film Deadpool. Disfemisme dalam Deadpool bermasalah di negara asalnya, yaitu Amerika Serikat, karena kemunculannya yang berlebihan. Dengan alasan ini, penelitian ini bertujuan 1) untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis disfemisme yang menggambarkan penggunaan disfemisme, dan 2) mengungkapkan fungsi-fungsi yang menjelaskan mengapa karakter menggunakan kata-kata disfemistik. Teori Disfemisme yang dikemukakan oleh Allan & Burridge (2006) digunakan untuk mengungkap fungsi-fungsi penggunaan disfemisme. Selain itu, penulis juga menggunakan pendekatan semantik dengan menggambarkan makna disfemisme secara leksikal dan kontekstual beserta contoh penggunaannya dalam konteks. Selain itu, analisis makna komponen digunakan untuk mengamati jenis disfemisme berdasarkan teori Allan & Burridge dan teori Rawson. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini adalah kata dan frasa yang mengindikasikan disfemisme. Sumber data adalah transkrip dan video. Ada 95 data disfemisme yang diperoleh dan diamati oleh penulis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tiga jenis disfemisme ditemukan dalam film, yaitu profanity, obscenity, dan insult. Jenis disfemisme yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah obscenity yaitu 31 data (33%). Selain itu, ada tujuh fungsi penggunaan disfemisme yang diungkapkan: untuk menghina sesuatu atau orang lain, untuk mengekspresikan kemarahan, untuk menekankan sesuatu atau kondisi, untuk menyatakan dan mewakili hal atau kondisi yang sangat buruk, untuk mengekspresikan keheranan atau kekaguman, untuk menunjukkan kedekatan dan untuk mengekspresikan kegembiraan. Fungsi paling dominan dari disfemisme yang digunakan dalam film ini adalah untuk menghina sesuatu atau orang lain dengan 79 data (83%).